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Applied Sciences
Special Issues
Biological and Medical Applications of Vibrational Spectroscopy
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Biological and Medical Applications of Vibrational Spectroscopy

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Optics and Lasers".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (18 March 2021) | Viewed by 12505

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Vito Capozzi

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Laboratory of Applied Physics University of Foggia Viale Pinto, 71122 Foggia, Italy
Interests: photoluminescence spectroscopy and optical gain of semicondctors; optical properties of organic and inorganic materials; Anderson and Stark localization effects in disordered superlattices; Raman spectroscopy of human cells exposed to xenobiotic agents; atomic force microscopy of human cells; biological effects induced by radio-frequency waves in the GHz domain; radiobiological effects in healthy cells induced in proton therapy treatmens
Prof. Dr. Giuseppe Perna

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of clinical and experimental medicine, Viale Pinto, 71122 Foggia, Italy
Interests: photoluminescence spectroscopy; optical properties of organic and inorganic materials; vibrational spectroscopies; biological effects induced by radio-frequency waves in the GHz domain; atomic force microscopy

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Vibrational spectroscopies, as Raman (RS), infrared absorption (FTIR), near infrared (NIR) and Terahertz techniques, are well known analytical methods providing an accurate fingerprint of a material according to its chemical content. In the last years, RS and FTIR techniques have been largely employed to obtain specific biochemical information about the composition and structure of biological samples (cells, tissue, biopolymers, etc.) with small invasiveness and without exogenous labels. This particular feature has been established by means of many applications in biomedical fields, as cytology, histopathology and monitoring of drug release. This wide domain of applications of vibrational techniques has been largely due to the improvement of technical instrumentation, as the development of fiber probes and array detectors. In particular, the capability of in vivo use of RS and acquisition of FTIR spectra in a short time frame enabled the application of vibrational spectroscopies as diagnostic tools, although a clinical translation of such techniques remains a future challenge. At the same time, the increasing use of computational techniques to process and analyze spectroscopic data has improved the specificity and accuracy of obtained results.  

This Special Issue is addressed to the collection of original articles and/or review papers about novel insights in the application of vibrational spectroscopies and analysis techniques in biomedical fields, including biology, biochemistry, medicine, dentistry, pharmacology, toxicology, forensic and food sciences. New developments about sample preparation, data acquisition and interpretation are also welcome. The aim of this Special issue is also to encourage a debate about a standardization of methods of vibrational spectroscopy measurements and data analysis.

Prof. Vito Capozzi
Prof. Giuseppe Perna
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Applied Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Raman spectroscopy
  • FTIR spectroscopy
  • NIR spectroscopy
  • Terahertz
  • Single-cell analysis
  • Cell imaging
  • Living cells
  • Fixed cells
  • Human cells
  • Human tissues
  • Bodily fluids
  • Biopolymers
  • Spectroscopic substrates
  • Sample handling
  • Biomolecular modifications
  • Cell damage
  • Biosensing
  • Diagnostic spectral markers
  • Spectral pre-processing
  • Baseline correction
  • Normalization techniques
  • Curve fitting procedures
  • Multivariate data analysis
  • Chemometrics…

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

11 pages, 2239 KiB  
Article
Spondias mombin Seed Oil Compounds Identification by Raman Spectroscopy and NMR
by Perla Yolanda López-Camacho, Juan Carlos Martínez-Espinosa, Gustavo Basurto-Islas, Andrea Torres-Zarraga, José Martín Márquez-Villa, Mariana Macías-Alonso and Joaquin G. Marrero
Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(6), 2886; https://doi.org/10.3390/app11062886 - 23 Mar 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 3413
Abstract
Spondias mombin L. has been used in traditional medicine to treat some cases such as infections and inflammations. Some researchers have reported that its biological components, such as carotenoids, carotenes, and phenols, have been characterized primarily by HPLC analysis. Here, we report on [...] Read more.
Spondias mombin L. has been used in traditional medicine to treat some cases such as infections and inflammations. Some researchers have reported that its biological components, such as carotenoids, carotenes, and phenols, have been characterized primarily by HPLC analysis. Here, we report on the characterization of Spondias mombin L. seed oil by Raman spectroscopy, and the profile identification of fatty acids by 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR spectroscopy. The oil was extracted from different weight volumes of seeds using organic solvent, and each batch was characterized. The analysis of the fatty acid profile by NMR indicated that the seed oil is highly unsaturated (monounsaturated: 29.4% and polyunsaturated: 43.5%). Molecular Raman vibrations at 1006, 1158 and 1523 cm−1 showed the presence of carotenoids, which in turn performed an antioxidant activity. This was demonstrated by a 2,2′-Azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS) method. The cell viability in colon cancer cells was promoted in the presence of the oil. The compounds identified in this study from seed oil could be an interesting proposal for food or pharmaceutical applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biological and Medical Applications of Vibrational Spectroscopy)
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9 pages, 1006 KiB  
Article
A Comparison between FTIR Spectra from HUKE and SH-SY5Y Cell Lines Grown on Different Substrates
by Giuseppe Perna, Vito Capozzi and Maria Lasalvia
Appl. Sci. 2020, 10(24), 8825; https://doi.org/10.3390/app10248825 - 10 Dec 2020
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1796
Abstract
In recent years, Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) micro-spectroscopy has shown promising potential in medical diagnostics at the cellular level. In fact, FTIR spectra can provide information related to DNA, protein, and lipid content and how such a content changes when a pathological state [...] Read more.
In recent years, Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) micro-spectroscopy has shown promising potential in medical diagnostics at the cellular level. In fact, FTIR spectra can provide information related to DNA, protein, and lipid content and how such a content changes when a pathological state arises. Most of these information is included in the so-called fingerprint region (1000–1800 cm−1), consisting of several spectral peaks related to vibrational modes occurring inside cellular components. Unfortunately, the slides commonly used in cytology (as the glass microscopy slides and coverslips) are opaque to IR radiation in the fingerprint region, whereas they are transparent for wavenumber values larger than 2000 cm−1, where few and broad spectral absorption bands, mainly due to lipids and proteins, are present. Nonetheless, here we show that FTIR spectra performed in the high wavenumber range 2750–3000 cm−1 can be used to discriminate two different types of cells, one from a normal cell line (Human Keratinocyte, HUKE) and the other from a cancer one (SH-SY5Y). The spectra are discriminated by means of their Principal Component Analysis, according to the PC1 component, and by means of ratiometric analysis, according to the ratio of the intensity of the peak at 2956 cm−1 and that of the peak at 2924 cm−1. The PC1 score values of the HUKE are statistically different from the PC1 score values of SH-SY5Y, whereas the intensity ratio results larger for SH-SY5Y than for HUKE cells. Such results occur for different substrates over which the cells have been grown, including the thick glass slides used for cytological analysis. This result is a further step toward the application of FTIR microspectroscopy in the cytological routine diagnosis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biological and Medical Applications of Vibrational Spectroscopy)
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14 pages, 3039 KiB  
Article
FTIR Microspectroscopy for the Assessment of Mycoplasmas in HepG2 Cell Culture
by Piman Pocasap, Natthida Weerapreeyakul, Cholpajsorn Junhom, Preeyaporn Plaimee Phiboonchaiyanan, Montra Srisayam, Apiyada Nonpunya, Boondaree Siriwarin, Munthipha Khamphio, Chaiyachet Nanok, Kanjana Thumanu, Waraporn Tanthanuch and Sahapat Barusrux
Appl. Sci. 2020, 10(11), 3766; https://doi.org/10.3390/app10113766 - 29 May 2020
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 3521
Abstract
To assess the presence and absence of mycoplasma contamination in cell culture, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) microspectroscopy, coupled with multivariate analysis, was deployed to determine the biomolecular changes in hepatocellular carcinoma cells, HepG2, before and after mycoplasma contamination. The contaminated HepG2 cells were [...] Read more.
To assess the presence and absence of mycoplasma contamination in cell culture, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) microspectroscopy, coupled with multivariate analysis, was deployed to determine the biomolecular changes in hepatocellular carcinoma cells, HepG2, before and after mycoplasma contamination. The contaminated HepG2 cells were treated with antibiotic BM-Cyclin to decontaminate the mycoplasma, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was then performed to confirm the presence or the absence of mycoplasma contamination. The contaminated and decontaminated HepG2 cells were analyzed by FTIR microspectroscopy with principal component analysis (PCA) and peak integral area analysis. The results showed that the FTIR spectra of contaminated HepG2 cells demonstrated the alteration in the IR spectra corresponding to the lipid, protein, and nucleic acid regions. PCA analysis distinguished the spectral differences between the groups of mycoplasma-contaminated and -decontaminated cells. The PCA loading plots suggest that lipid and protein are the main contributed molecules for the difference between these two cell groups. Peak integral area analysis illustrated the increase of lipid and nucleic acid and the decrease of protein contents in the contaminated HepG2 cells. FTIR microspectroscopy is, therefore, proven to be a potential tool for assessing mycoplasma removal by monitoring biomolecular alterations in cell culture. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biological and Medical Applications of Vibrational Spectroscopy)
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17 pages, 3897 KiB  
Article
An FTIR Microspectroscopy Ratiometric Approach for Monitoring X-ray Irradiation Effects on SH-SY5Y Human Neuroblastoma Cells
by Valerio Ricciardi, Marianna Portaccio, Lorenzo Manti and Maria Lepore
Appl. Sci. 2020, 10(8), 2974; https://doi.org/10.3390/app10082974 - 24 Apr 2020
Cited by 24 | Viewed by 3255
Abstract
The ability of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy in analyzing cells at a molecular level was exploited for investigating the biochemical changes induced in protein, nucleic acid, lipid, and carbohydrate content of cells after irradiation by graded X-ray doses. Infrared spectra from in [...] Read more.
The ability of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy in analyzing cells at a molecular level was exploited for investigating the biochemical changes induced in protein, nucleic acid, lipid, and carbohydrate content of cells after irradiation by graded X-ray doses. Infrared spectra from in vitro SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells following exposure to X-rays (0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 Gy) were analyzed using a ratiometric approach by evaluating the ratios between the absorbance of significant peaks. The spectroscopic investigation was performed on cells fixed immediately (t0 cells) and 24 h (t24 cells) after irradiation to study both the initial radiation-induced damage and the effect of the ensuing cellular repair processes. The analysis of infrared spectra allowed us to detect changes in proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids attributable to X-ray exposure. The ratiometric analysis was able to quantify changes for the protein, lipid, and DNA components and to suggest the occurrence of apoptosis processes. The ratiometric study of Amide I band indicated also that the secondary structure of proteins was significantly modified. The comparison between the results from t0 and t24 cells indicated the occurrence of cellular recovery processes. The adopted approach can provide a very direct way to monitor changes for specific cellular components and can represent a valuable tool for developing innovative strategies to monitor cancer radiotherapy outcome. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biological and Medical Applications of Vibrational Spectroscopy)
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