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Antioxidants
Special Issues
Oxidative Stress Response in Archaea
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Oxidative Stress Response in Archaea

A special issue of Antioxidants (ISSN 2076-3921).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2021) | Viewed by 15532

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Julie A. Maupin-Furlow

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
Interests: archaea; oxidative stress; redox control; post-translational modification; proteostasis; proteolysis; ubiquitin-like proteasome systems; metabolism; hypersaline; halophiles
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Jocelyne DiRuggiero

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
Interests: archaea; oxidative stress response; regulatory small RNAs; microbial communities; extreme environments; hypersaline; halophiles; deserts

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Archaea are globally distributed microbes, distinct from bacteria, which have shed light on the origins of the eukaryotic cell based on discovery of Lokiarchaeota and other members of the Asgard superphylum. Archaea have deep roots in methanogenesis, an oxygen-sensitive form of carbon and energy metabolism yet are best known for their ability to thrive in extreme conditions, including those that promote extensive oxidative damage such as extreme acid, heavy metals, desiccation, UV exposure, and hypersalinity. Not all archaea are extremophiles, including members of the human microbiome and the Earth’s largest biome, the ocean. Yet archaea, even in these mild conditions, are battling oxidative stress. While oxygen sensitivity appears deeply rooted in the origins of Archaea through methanogenesis, certain members of this domain of life thrive in some of the most oxidizing conditions on this planet. This apparent array of mechanisms used by Archaea to respond to oxidative stress combined with their evolutionary relationship within the tree of life make the study of Archaea ideal to advance knowledge of the origins and mechanisms of how cells respond to oxidative stress. This Special Issue is dedicated to “Oxidative Stress Responses in Archaea”. Colleagues are cordially invited to contribute original research papers or reviews to this Special Issue.

Prof. Dr. Julie A. Maupin-Furlow
Prof. Dr. Jocelyne DiRuggiero
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Antioxidants is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Archaea
  • Reactive oxygen species (ROS)
  • Antioxidants
  • Cellular homeostasis
  • Redox homeostasis
  • Oxygen sensitivity
  • Proteostasis
  • DNA damage
  • Protein oxidation
  • Stress response

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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18 pages, 2797 KiB  
Article
A Large-Scale Multiple Genome Comparison of Acidophilic Archaea (pH ≤ 5.0) Extends Our Understanding of Oxidative Stress Responses in Polyextreme Environments
by Gonzalo Neira, Eva Vergara, Diego Cortez and David S. Holmes
Antioxidants 2022, 11(1), 59; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox11010059 - 28 Dec 2021
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2918
Abstract
Acidophilic archaea thrive in anaerobic and aerobic low pH environments (pH < 5) rich in dissolved heavy metals that exacerbate stress caused by the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), hydroxyl radical (·OH) and [...] Read more.
Acidophilic archaea thrive in anaerobic and aerobic low pH environments (pH < 5) rich in dissolved heavy metals that exacerbate stress caused by the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), hydroxyl radical (·OH) and superoxide (O2−). ROS react with lipids, proteins and nucleic acids causing oxidative stress and damage that can lead to cell death. Herein, genes and mechanisms potentially involved in ROS mitigation are predicted in over 200 genomes of acidophilic archaea with sequenced genomes. These organisms are often be subjected to simultaneous multiple stresses such as high temperature, high salinity, low pH and high heavy metal loads. Some of the topics addressed include: (1) the phylogenomic distribution of these genes and what this can tell us about the evolution of these mechanisms in acidophilic archaea; (2) key differences in genes and mechanisms used by acidophilic versus non-acidophilic archaea and between acidophilic archaea and acidophilic bacteria and (3) how comparative genomic analysis predicts novel genes or pathways involved in oxidative stress responses in archaea and likely horizontal gene transfer (HGT) events. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oxidative Stress Response in Archaea)
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15 pages, 1246 KiB  
Article
Carotenoids as a Protection Mechanism against Oxidative Stress in Haloferax mediterranei
by Micaela Giani and Rosa María Martínez-Espinosa
Antioxidants 2020, 9(11), 1060; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox9111060 - 29 Oct 2020
Cited by 29 | Viewed by 3035
Abstract
Haloarchaea are extremophilic microorganisms that in their natural ecosystem encounter several sources of oxidative stress. They have developed different strategies to cope with these harsh environmental conditions, among which bacterioruberin production is a very notable strategy. Bacterioruberin (BR) is a C50 carotenoid [...] Read more.
Haloarchaea are extremophilic microorganisms that in their natural ecosystem encounter several sources of oxidative stress. They have developed different strategies to cope with these harsh environmental conditions, among which bacterioruberin production is a very notable strategy. Bacterioruberin (BR) is a C50 carotenoid synthesized in response to different types of stress. Previous works demonstrated that it shows interesting antioxidant properties with potential applications in biotechnology. In this study, Haloferax mediterranei strain R-4 was exposed to different concentrations of the oxidant compound H2O2 to evaluate the effect on carotenoid production focusing the attention on the synthesis of bacterioruberin. Hfx. mediterranei was able to grow in the presence of H2O2 from 1 mM to 25 mM. Cells produced between 16% and 78% (w/v) more carotenoids under the induced oxidative stress compared to control cultures. HPLC-MS analysis detected BR as the major identified carotenoid and confirmed the gradual increase of BR content as higher concentrations of hydrogen peroxide were added to the medium. These results shed some light on the biological role of bacterioruberin in haloarchaea, provide interesting information about the increase of the cellular pigmentation under oxidative stress conditions and will allow the optimization of the production of this pigment at large scale using these microbes as biofactories. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oxidative Stress Response in Archaea)
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Review

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19 pages, 2089 KiB  
Review
Enzymatic Antioxidant Signatures in Hyperthermophilic Archaea
by Emilia Pedone, Gabriella Fiorentino, Simonetta Bartolucci and Danila Limauro
Antioxidants 2020, 9(8), 703; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox9080703 - 03 Aug 2020
Cited by 16 | Viewed by 4282
Abstract
To fight reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by both the metabolism and strongly oxidative habitats, hyperthermophilic archaea are equipped with an array of antioxidant enzymes whose role is to protect the biological macromolecules from oxidative damage. The most common ROS, such as superoxide [...] Read more.
To fight reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by both the metabolism and strongly oxidative habitats, hyperthermophilic archaea are equipped with an array of antioxidant enzymes whose role is to protect the biological macromolecules from oxidative damage. The most common ROS, such as superoxide radical (O2•−) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), are scavenged by superoxide dismutase, peroxiredoxins, and catalase. These enzymes, together with thioredoxin, protein disulfide oxidoreductase, and thioredoxin reductase, which are involved in redox homeostasis, represent the core of the antioxidant system. In this review, we offer a panorama of progression of knowledge on the antioxidative system in aerobic or microaerobic (hyper)thermophilic archaea and possible industrial applications of these enzymes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oxidative Stress Response in Archaea)
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20 pages, 2040 KiB  
Review
Redox and Thiols in Archaea
by Mamta Rawat and Julie A. Maupin-Furlow
Antioxidants 2020, 9(5), 381; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox9050381 - 05 May 2020
Cited by 19 | Viewed by 3960
Abstract
Low molecular weight (LMW) thiols have many functions in bacteria and eukarya, ranging from redox homeostasis to acting as cofactors in numerous reactions, including detoxification of xenobiotic compounds. The LMW thiol, glutathione (GSH), is found in eukaryotes and many species of bacteria. Analogues [...] Read more.
Low molecular weight (LMW) thiols have many functions in bacteria and eukarya, ranging from redox homeostasis to acting as cofactors in numerous reactions, including detoxification of xenobiotic compounds. The LMW thiol, glutathione (GSH), is found in eukaryotes and many species of bacteria. Analogues of GSH include the structurally different LMW thiols: bacillithiol, mycothiol, ergothioneine, and coenzyme A. Many advances have been made in understanding the diverse and multiple functions of GSH and GSH analogues in bacteria but much less is known about distribution and functions of GSH and its analogues in archaea, which constitute the third domain of life, occupying many niches, including those in extreme environments. Archaea are able to use many energy sources and have many unique metabolic reactions and as a result are major contributors to geochemical cycles. As LMW thiols are major players in cells, this review explores the distribution of thiols and their biochemistry in archaea. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oxidative Stress Response in Archaea)
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