Nrf2 Signaling Pathway: Biological Function, Clinical Implications and Therapeutic Agents—2nd Edition

A special issue of Antioxidants (ISSN 2076-3921). This special issue belongs to the section "Health Outcomes of Antioxidants and Oxidative Stress".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 March 2024) | Viewed by 1227

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
Interests: therapetiuc agents targeting Keap1-Nrf2-ARE signaling; redox system-related prodrugs and probes; innovative molecules acting on protein complex; E3 ligase complex
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Our previous Special Issue, entitled “Nrf2 Signaling Pathway: Biological Function, Clinical Implications and Therapeutic Agents” (https://www.mdpi.com/journal/antioxidants/special_issues/Nrf2_Signaling_Pathways) and published in the 2023 volume of Antioxidants, was a successful compilation of research and review articles. As this is a rapidly evolving topic, we would like to further explore Nrf2 and oxidative stress in human disease with a follow-up Special Issue in 2024.

Nrf2 is a multifunctional transcription factor that plays a crucial role in the cytoprotective system. Enhancing Nrf2 activity has long been regarded as a promising means by which to treat a set of diseases that appear to be mechanistically linked with oxidative stress. In addition, growing evidence indicates that the overactivation of Nrf2 plays a vital role in tumour occurrence and malignant transformation. In the last decade, an expanding body of research has focused on blocking NRF2 activity in cancer cells, attempting to disturb the redox balance, antagonizing the oncogenic metabolism, and reversing the resistance to treatment. Thus, the properly timed and fine-tuned manipulation of Nrf2 signalling is critical for the development of clinical drugs.

This Special Issue aims to collect research articles and review papers addressing all aspects of Nrf2. Papers describing new findings pertaining to the biological function of Nrf2, the fresh clinical implications of Nrf2-targeting agents and the development of Nrf2-targeting therapeutic agents will be especially welcome. Insightful review papers attending to the relevant fields are also favored.

Dr. Zhengyu Jiang
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Antioxidants is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

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Keywords

  • Nrf2
  • Keap1 
  • oxidative stress
  • ROS
  • inflammation
  • cancer

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

20 pages, 4233 KiB  
Article
Simvastatin-Mediated Nrf2 Activation Induces Fetal Hemoglobin and Antioxidant Enzyme Expression to Ameliorate the Phenotype of Sickle Cell Disease
by Caixia Xi, Chithra Palani, Mayuko Takezaki, Huidong Shi, Anatolij Horuzsko, Betty S. Pace and Xingguo Zhu
Antioxidants 2024, 13(3), 337; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox13030337 - 11 Mar 2024
Viewed by 916
Abstract
Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a pathophysiological condition of chronic hemolysis, oxidative stress, and elevated inflammation. The transcription factor Nrf2 is a master regulator of oxidative stress. Here, we report that the FDA-approved oral agent simvastatin, an inhibitor of hydroxymethyl-glutaryl coenzyme A reductase, [...] Read more.
Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a pathophysiological condition of chronic hemolysis, oxidative stress, and elevated inflammation. The transcription factor Nrf2 is a master regulator of oxidative stress. Here, we report that the FDA-approved oral agent simvastatin, an inhibitor of hydroxymethyl-glutaryl coenzyme A reductase, significantly activates the expression of Nrf2 and antioxidant enzymes. Simvastatin also induces fetal hemoglobin expression in SCD patient primary erythroid progenitors and a transgenic mouse model. Simvastatin alleviates SCD symptoms by decreasing hemoglobin S sickling, oxidative stress, and inflammatory stress in erythroblasts. Particularly, simvastatin increases cellular levels of cystine, the precursor for the biosynthesis of the antioxidant reduced glutathione, and decreases the iron content in SCD mouse spleen and liver tissues. Mechanistic studies suggest that simvastatin suppresses the expression of the critical histone methyltransferase enhancer of zeste homolog 2 to reduce both global and gene-specific histone H3 lysine 27 trimethylation. These chromatin structural changes promote the assembly of transcription complexes to fetal γ-globin and antioxidant gene regulatory regions in an antioxidant response element-dependent manner. In summary, our findings suggest that simvastatin activates fetal hemoglobin and antioxidant protein expression, modulates iron and cystine/reduced glutathione levels to improve the phenotype of SCD, and represents a therapeutic strategy for further development. Full article
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