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Special Issue "Diseases Diagnosis, Prevention and Weeds Control in Crops"

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A special issue of Agriculture (ISSN 2077-0472). This special issue belongs to the section "Crop Protection, Diseases, Pest and Weeds".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (25 May 2023) | Viewed by 2491

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Special Issue Editor

Dr. Yuan Li

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Guest Editor

Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
Interests: crop diseases; weed control; molecular approaches; identification and quantification; soil disinfestation; biocontrol agents; application equipment; crop growth and yield

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

At present, crop diseases are the main problem in agricultural production, and the rapid diagnosis and identification of crop diseases are particularly important. Molecular biological diagnosis, identification and quantitative methods are widely used, which can identify pathogens at the early stage of crop disease occurrence, and facilitate timely prevention and control measures. Soil disinfection is one of the effective measures used to solve soil-borne diseases in protected areas. Different soil disinfection technologies, products and equipment have been gradually updated and applied to tomato, cucumber, pepper and other vegetable crops and field crops. In addition, a combination of these biological control measures can be used to prevent the infection of pathogens, reducing the occurrence of diseases and economic losses. Another important issue that affects crop growth and yield in agricultural production is weed control. Effective control measures or application equipment and methods to improve crop growth and yield are the focus of researchers. This Special Issue will include interdisciplinary studies that embrace agriculture in the disciplines of biology, chemistry and engineering. Research articles will cover a broad range of crops, including vegetable crops, ornamental and medical plants, as well as field crops. All types of articles, such as original research, opinions, and reviews, are welcome.

Dr. Yuan Li
Guest Editor

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Keywords

crop diseases
weed control
molecular approaches
identification and quantification
soil disinfestation
biocontrol agents
application equipment
crop growth and yield

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

Open AccessArticle

Biostimulants as a Response to the Negative Impact of Agricultural Chemicals on Vegetation Indices and Yield of Common Buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench)

Mateusz Krupa

and

Robert Witkowicz

Agriculture 2023, 13(4), 825; https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture13040825 - 04 Apr 2023

Viewed by 651

Abstract

Weed control during common buckwheat cultivation is hindered by the crop’s high sensitivity to agrochemicals. This study evaluates whether biostimulants (Asahi SL, Kelpak SL, B-Nine) could reduce the adverse effect of abiotic stress caused by these substances on buckwheat’s vegetation indices and yield. To this end, a four-factor field experiment was performed according to the 3 ⁴⁻¹ Box–Behnken design on chernozem soil with silt texture at the Experimental Station of the Agricultural University of Krakow (Poland, 50°07′ N, 20°04′ E). The results showed that calcium cyanamide fertilization was effective in reducing the abundance of dicotyledonous weeds by 39% and the dry weight of weeds per unit area by 20% relative to ammonium nitrate-fertilized sites. However, the most effective method of weed control was the application of metazachlor together with clomazone. The mixture of these active substances reduced the abundance of monocotyledonous weeds, dicotyledonous weeds, and dry weight of weeds by 83%, 40.5%, and 36.4%, respectively. The use of herbicides adversely affected the leaf area index (LAI). Nitrophenol treatment of buckwheat grown on soil fertilized with calcium cyanamide resulted in increased achene yield and number of seeds per plant compared to ammonium nitrate fertilization. The application of daminozide on chemically protected plants resulted in improved vegetation indices such as normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and soil plant analysis development (SPAD) compared to sites not exposed to herbicides. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diseases Diagnosis, Prevention and Weeds Control in Crops)

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Open AccessArticle

Niche and Interspecific Association of the Dominant Species during the Invasion of Alternanthera philoxeroides in the Yangtze River Basin, China

and

Agriculture 2023, 13(3), 621; https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture13030621 - 04 Mar 2023

Viewed by 686

Abstract

The effects of invasive species on the local community (e.g., structure and stability) are highly environmentally dependent. Invasions of amphibious species usually take place in both xeric and humid environments, yet they are relatively poorly understood. In this study, we analyzed the communities that were dominated by Alternanthera philoxeroides using ecological niche and interspecific association. A total of 66 species and 67 species were recorded in the xeric environment and humid environment, respectively. In both environments, species in family Gramineae, such as Echinochloa crusgalli and Cynodon dactylon, exhibited a higher level of importance values and greater ecological niche widths. The interspecific association and stability of the dominant species were weak and the dominant species were relatively independent of each other. In the xeric environment, A. philoxeroides was more compatible with E. crusgalli and C. dactylon in terms of ecological niche requirements and habitat suitability. In humid habitats, A. philoxeroides had a greater correlation with E. crusgalli, C. dactylon, and Persicaria lapathifolia, suggesting a higher possibility of concomitant occurrence. Overall, we suggested that during the revegetation after A. philoxeroides invasion, E. crusgalli and C. dactylon can be the alternative plants. Meanwhile, alternative control measures for A. philoxeroides invasion in agricultural fields should give more consideration to the use of plants with economic or ecological value. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diseases Diagnosis, Prevention and Weeds Control in Crops)

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Open AccessArticle

Colletotrichum Species on Cultivated Solanaceae Crops in Russia

and

Agriculture 2023, 13(3), 511; https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture13030511 - 21 Feb 2023

Viewed by 790

Abstract

Colletotrichum species are the causal agents of potato and tomato diseases, such as black dot and anthracnose. Several new species and species complexes were recently established. Thereby, a reassessment of the genus diversity is required. The study revealed two species, Colletotrichum coccodes and Colletotrichum nigrum, as Russia’s main disease agents of cultivated Solanaceae plants. Black dot and anthracnose in potato were caused exclusively by C. coccodes, whereas the same diseases in tomato, eggplant, and pepper were predominately caused by C. nigrum. However, one isolate of C. coccodes was also identified as an agent of the tomato disease. Five potentially hybrid isolates were discovered. Morphological examination and pathogenicity assessment revealed no significant differences between the two Colletotrichum species. All isolates were sensitive to the fungicides azoxystrobin, difenoconazole, and thiabendazole, which are currently used in agriculture. This is the first report of the occurrence of C. nigrum in Russia. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diseases Diagnosis, Prevention and Weeds Control in Crops)

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