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Electric Vehicles and Charging Facilities for a Sustainable Transport Sector
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Electric Vehicles and Charging Facilities for a Sustainable Transport Sector

A special issue of World Electric Vehicle Journal (ISSN 2032-6653).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 October 2024 | Viewed by 10323

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Aritra Ghosh

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Renewable Energy, Environment and Sustainability Institute (ESI), University of Exeter, Penryn, Cornwall TR10 9FE, UK
Interests: energy positive building; smart switchable material (electrochromic, suspended particle device, liquid crystal); advanced glazing technologies (vacuum, aerogel); first, second and third-generation pv for bipv/bapv; low concentrating pv (lsc, cpc, holography); building physics including materials science, solar radiation, thermal radiation, climate exposure, smart nanomaterials; solar powered electric vehicle (ev); transparent building envelops (transparent wood); sensor technology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Electric vehicles (EVs) are indispensable to abate carbon footprints and improve the benign environment across the globe. From 2010, the deployment of EVs on road has been increased exponentially which in turn increased the grid electricity demand. This additional load created power quality and reliability issues in the distribution grid. On the other hand, range anxiety issues are still prominent which is a major bottleneck for EV uptake. Considering the global climate issue, electricity from renewable sources is now getting more priority which can have serious implication on EV adoption if not sufficient charging facilities are implemented. Charging facilities near the workplace, home and highway will definitely increase the EV buyer’s confidence. Thus, the inclusion of millions of EVs in the transport sector needs renewable energy penetration into a grid, improvement of grid infrastructure, up-gradation of batteries and battery management system and smart charging facility, a contribution from an energy storage system.

This Special Issue, therefore, invites all original and review articles covering the aspects of EV charging, EV and storage system (battery, fuel cell, and capacitor), EV charging station and impact on the distribution network, planning and deployment of charging facility.

Dr. Aritra Ghosh
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. World Electric Vehicle Journal is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • electric vehicles
  • battery energy management for EV
  • storage for EV
  • EV charging infrastructure
  • grid integration
  • wireless charging
  • AC & DC fast charging
  • renewable energy in EV charging
  • smart charging

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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27 pages, 470 KiB  
Article
Cost Minimization for Charging Electric Bus Fleets
by Daniel Mortensen, Jacob Gunther, Greg Droge and Justin Whitaker
World Electr. Veh. J. 2023, 14(12), 351; https://doi.org/10.3390/wevj14120351 - 16 Dec 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1298
Abstract
Recent attention for reduced carbon emissions has pushed transit authorities to adopt battery electric buses (BEBs). One challenge experienced by BEB users is extended charge times, which create logistical challenges and may force BEBs to charge when energy is more expensive. Furthermore, BEB [...] Read more.
Recent attention for reduced carbon emissions has pushed transit authorities to adopt battery electric buses (BEBs). One challenge experienced by BEB users is extended charge times, which create logistical challenges and may force BEBs to charge when energy is more expensive. Furthermore, BEB charging leads to high power demands, which can significantly increase monthly power costs and may push the electrical infrastructure beyond its present capacity, requiring expensive upgrades. This work presents a novel method for minimizing the monthly cost of BEB charging while meeting bus route constraints. This method extends previous work by incorporating a more novel cost model, effects from uncontrolled loads, differences between daytime and overnight charging, and variable rate charging. A graph-based network-flow framework, represented by a mixed-integer linear program, encodes the charging action space, physical bus constraints, and battery state of the charge dynamics. The results for three scenarios are considered: uncontested charging, which uses equal numbers of buses and chargers; contested charging, which has more buses than chargers; and variable charge rates. Among other findings, we show that BEBs can be added to the fleet without raising the peak power demand for only the cost of the energy, suggesting that conversion to electrified transit is possible without upgrading power delivery infrastructure. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Electric Vehicles and Charging Facilities for a Sustainable Transport Sector)
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18 pages, 2764 KiB  
Article
Peak Shaving for Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure—A Case Study in a Parking Garage in Uppsala, Sweden
by Alexander Wallberg, Carl Flygare, Rafael Waters and Valeria Castellucci
World Electr. Veh. J. 2022, 13(8), 152; https://doi.org/10.3390/wevj13080152 - 12 Aug 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2499
Abstract
The need for a more flexible usage of power is increasing due to the electrification of new sectors in society combined with larger amounts of integrated intermittent electricity production in the power system. Among other cities, Uppsala in Sweden is undergoing an accelerated [...] Read more.
The need for a more flexible usage of power is increasing due to the electrification of new sectors in society combined with larger amounts of integrated intermittent electricity production in the power system. Among other cities, Uppsala in Sweden is undergoing an accelerated transition of its vehicle fleet from fossil combustion engines to electrical vehicles. To meet the requirements of the transforming mobility infrastructure, Uppsala municipality has, in collaboration with Uppsala University, built a full-scale commercial electrical vehicle parking garage equipped with a battery storage and photovoltaic system. This paper presents the current hardware topology of the parking garage, a neural network for day-ahead predictions of the parking garage’s load profile, and a simulation model in MATLAB using rule-based peak shaving control. The created neural network was trained on data from 2021 and its performance was evaluated using data from 2022. The performance of the rule-based peak shaving control was evaluated using the predicted load demand and photovoltaic data collected for the parking garage. The aim of this paper is to test a prediction model and peak shaving strategy that could be implemented in practice on-site at the parking garage. The created neural network has a linear regression index of 0.61, which proved to yield a satisfying result when used in the rule-based peak shaving control with the parking garage’s 60 kW/137 kWh battery system. The peak shaving model was able to reduce the highest load demand peak of 117 kW by 38.6% using the forecast of a neural network. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Electric Vehicles and Charging Facilities for a Sustainable Transport Sector)
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Review

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28 pages, 3780 KiB  
Review
A Review of Capacity Allocation and Control Strategies for Electric Vehicle Charging Stations with Integrated Photovoltaic and Energy Storage Systems
by Ming Yao, Danning Da, Xinchun Lu and Yuhang Wang
World Electr. Veh. J. 2024, 15(3), 101; https://doi.org/10.3390/wevj15030101 - 06 Mar 2024
Viewed by 1170
Abstract
Electric vehicles (EVs) play a major role in the energy system because they are clean and environmentally friendly and can use excess electricity from renewable sources. In order to meet the growing charging demand for EVs and overcome its negative impact on the [...] Read more.
Electric vehicles (EVs) play a major role in the energy system because they are clean and environmentally friendly and can use excess electricity from renewable sources. In order to meet the growing charging demand for EVs and overcome its negative impact on the power grid, new EV charging stations integrating photovoltaic (PV) and energy storage systems (ESSs) have emerged. However, the output of solar PV systems and the charging demand of EVs are both characterized by uncertainty and dynamics. These may lead to large power fluctuations in the grid and frequent alternation of peak and valley loads, which are not conducive to the stability of the distribution network. The study of reasonable capacity configuration and control strategy issues is conducive to the efficient use of solar energy, fast charging of EVs, stability of the distribution network, and maximization of the economic benefits of the system. In this paper, the concept, advantages, capacity allocation methods and algorithms, and control strategies of the integrated EV charging station with PV and ESSs are reviewed. On the basis of the above research, the current problems and challenges are analyzed, and corresponding solutions and ideas are proposed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Electric Vehicles and Charging Facilities for a Sustainable Transport Sector)
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30 pages, 2197 KiB  
Review
Sustainable E-Fuels: Green Hydrogen, Methanol and Ammonia for Carbon-Neutral Transportation
by Vennapusa Jagadeeswara Reddy, N. P. Hariram, Rittick Maity, Mohd Fairusham Ghazali and Sudhakar Kumarasamy
World Electr. Veh. J. 2023, 14(12), 349; https://doi.org/10.3390/wevj14120349 - 14 Dec 2023
Viewed by 4253
Abstract
Increasingly stringent sustainability and decarbonization objectives drive investments in adopting environmentally friendly, low, and zero-carbon fuels. This study presents a comparative framework of green hydrogen, green ammonia, and green methanol production and application in a clear context. By harnessing publicly available data sources, [...] Read more.
Increasingly stringent sustainability and decarbonization objectives drive investments in adopting environmentally friendly, low, and zero-carbon fuels. This study presents a comparative framework of green hydrogen, green ammonia, and green methanol production and application in a clear context. By harnessing publicly available data sources, including from the literature, this research delves into the evaluation of green fuels. Building on these insights, this study outlines the production process, application, and strategic pathways to transition into a greener economy by 2050. This envisioned transformation unfolds in three progressive steps: the utilization of green hydrogen, green ammonia, and green methanol as a sustainable fuel source for transport applications; the integration of these green fuels in industries; and the establishment of mechanisms for achieving the net zero. However, this research also reveals the formidable challenges of producing green hydrogen, green ammonia, and green methanol. These challenges encompass technological intricacies, economic barriers, societal considerations, and far-reaching policy implications necessitating collaborative efforts and innovative solutions to successfully develop and deploy green hydrogen, green ammonia, and green methanol. The findings unequivocally demonstrate that renewable energy sources play a pivotal role in enabling the production of these green fuels, positioning the global transition in the landscape of sustainable energy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Electric Vehicles and Charging Facilities for a Sustainable Transport Sector)
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