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Viruses
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Phage and Antibiotic Combination Therapy against MDR Bacteria
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Phage and Antibiotic Combination Therapy against MDR Bacteria

A special issue of Viruses (ISSN 1999-4915). This special issue belongs to the section "Bacterial Viruses".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 November 2022) | Viewed by 6234

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Mikael Skurnik

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
Interests: phage-host interactions; Yersinia virulence; bacteriophage therapy
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

It is anticipated that phage therapy combined with antibiotics will have considerable synergistic therapeutic effects. However, antagonistic effects have also been reported. As phages are unprecedented and variable in many respects, there may also be wide variations between them with regards to interactions between different antibiotics.

There is high interest to collect experiences on the topic, both in vitro and in vivo. Therefore, we propose the launch of a new Special Issue, titled “Phage and Antibiotic Combination Therapy against MDR Bacteria”, with myself acting as a Guest Editor.

We welcome original articles, reviews, short communications, and case reports on the topic.

Prof. Dr. Mikael Skurnik
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Viruses is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

20 pages, 6548 KiB  
Article
The Lytic Activity of Bacteriophage ZCSE9 against Salmonella enterica and Its Synergistic Effects with Kanamycin
by Abdallah S. Abdelsattar, Mohamed Atef Eita, Zainab K. Hammouda, Shrouk Mohamed Gouda, Toka A. Hakim, Aghapy Yermans Yakoup, Anan Safwat and Ayman El-Shibiny
Viruses 2023, 15(4), 912; https://doi.org/10.3390/v15040912 - 31 Mar 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2848
Abstract
Salmonella, the causative agent of several diseases in humans and animals, including salmonellosis, septicemia, typhoid fever, and fowl typhoid, poses a serious threat to global public health and food safety. Globally, reports of therapeutic failures are increasing because of the increase in [...] Read more.
Salmonella, the causative agent of several diseases in humans and animals, including salmonellosis, septicemia, typhoid fever, and fowl typhoid, poses a serious threat to global public health and food safety. Globally, reports of therapeutic failures are increasing because of the increase in bacterial antibiotic resistance. Thus, this work highlights the combined phage–antibiotic therapy as a promising approach to combating bacterial resistance. In this manner, the phage ZCSE9 was isolated, and the morphology, host infectivity, killing curve, combination with kanamycin, and genome analysis of this phage were all examined. Morphologically, phage ZCSE9 is a siphovirus with a relatively broad host range. In addition, the phage can tolerate high temperatures until 80 °C with one log reduction and a basic environment (pH 11) without a significant decline. Furthermore, the phage prevents bacterial growth in the planktonic state, according to the results of the time-killing curve. Moreover, using the phage at MOI 0.1 with kanamycin against five different Salmonella serotypes reduces the required antibiotics to inhibit the growth of the bacteria. Comparative genomics and phylogenetic analysis suggested that phage ZCSE9, along with its close relatives Salmonella phages vB_SenS_AG11 and wksl3, belongs to the genus Jerseyvirus. In conclusion, phage ZCSE9 and kanamycin form a robust heterologous antibacterial combination that enhances the effectiveness of a phage-only approach for combating Salmonella. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Phage and Antibiotic Combination Therapy against MDR Bacteria)
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19 pages, 8910 KiB  
Article
Design of Phage-Cocktail–Containing Hydrogel for the Treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa–Infected Wounds
by Fatemeh Shafigh Kheljan, Farzam Sheikhzadeh Hesari, Mohammad Sadegh Aminifazl, Mikael Skurnik, Sophio Gholadze and Gholamreza Zarrini
Viruses 2023, 15(3), 803; https://doi.org/10.3390/v15030803 - 21 Mar 2023
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2530
Abstract
Recently, the treatment of infected wounds has become a global problem due to increased antibiotic resistance in bacteria. The Gram-negative opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa is often present in chronic skin infections, and it has become a threat to public health as it is [...] Read more.
Recently, the treatment of infected wounds has become a global problem due to increased antibiotic resistance in bacteria. The Gram-negative opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa is often present in chronic skin infections, and it has become a threat to public health as it is increasingly multidrug resistant. Due to this, new measures to enable treatment of infections are necessary. Treatment of bacterial infections with bacteriophages, known as phage therapy, has been in use for a century, and has potential with its antimicrobial effect. The main purpose of this study was to create a phage-containing wound dressing with the ability to prevent bacterial infection and rapid wound healing without side effects. Several phages against P. aeruginosa were isolated from wastewater, and two polyvalent phages were used to prepare a phage cocktail. The phage cocktail was loaded in a hydrogel composed of polymers of sodium alginate (SA) and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC). To compare the antimicrobial effects, hydrogels containing phages, ciprofloxacin, or phages plus ciprofloxacin were produced, and hydrogels without either. The antimicrobial effect of these hydrogels was investigated in vitro and in vivo using an experimental mouse wound infection model. The wound-healing process in different mouse groups showed that phage-containing hydrogels and antibiotic-containing hydrogels have almost the same antimicrobial effect. However, in terms of wound healing and pathological process, the phage-containing hydrogels performed better than the antibiotic alone. The best performance was achieved with the phage–antibiotic hydrogel, indicating a synergistic effect between the phage cocktail and the antibiotic. In conclusion, phage-containing hydrogels eliminate efficiently P. aeruginosa in wounds and may be a proper option for treating infectious wounds. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Phage and Antibiotic Combination Therapy against MDR Bacteria)
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