Genetic Detection and Analysis of Domestic Animal Viruses

A special issue of Veterinary Sciences (ISSN 2306-7381). This special issue belongs to the section "Veterinary Biomedical Sciences".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (7 August 2023) | Viewed by 4716

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Foreign Animal Disease Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Plum Island Animal Disease Center, Greenport, NY 11944, USA
Interests: foot-and-mouth disease virus; African swine fever virus; immunopathology; host-pathogen interaction; ruminant immunology

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Guest Editor
Foreign Animal Disease Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Plum Island Animal Disease Center, Greenport, NY 11944, USA
Interests: foot-and-mouth disease virus; safer foot-and-mouth disease virus vaccine; virus–host interaction
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The health of domestic animals is of ever-growing concern. Of primary concern are the viruses that infect these animals. Domestic animals are intimately associated with many socioeconomic environments, meaning that protecting them from disease, in turn, benefits all of us.

Viral pathogens such as highly pathogenic avian influenza, Newcastle disease virus, Foot-and-mouth disease virus, African swine fever, and many more are an ever-present threat to the integrity of the agricultural animal industry. Other domestic animals of concern are those commonly kept as pets (e.g., dogs and cats). The detection and analysis of viral pathogens such as coronavirus, influenza, and herpesvirus are crucial to the health and safety of these animals.

In this Special Issue, “Genetic Detection and Analysis of Domestic Animal Viruses”, our hope is to showcase new and exciting discoveries in these areas. Improvements in genetic detection have a direct impact on veterinary vaccinology, clinical practices, and agricultural practices. Deeper analysis of these viruses gives us context for the relationship between them and their domestic animal hosts—how the viruses infect, replicate, transmit, and subsequently induce disease.

Dr. Jessica Canter
Dr. Katherine Pflaum
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • genetic detection
  • domestic animals
  • viruses
  • viral pathogens
  • host-pathogen interactions
  • agricultural animals
  • pet animals

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 2059 KiB  
Article
Complete Genomic Characterization of Lumpy Skin Disease Virus Isolates from Beef Cattle in Lopburi Province, Central Thailand, during 2021–2022
by Nutthakarn Suwankitwat, Taweewat Deemagarn, Kultyarat Bhakha, Tapanut Songkasupa, Ratchaneekorn Vitoonpong, Pannaporn Trakunjaroonkit, Sureenipa Rodphol, Bandit Nuansrichay, Lerdchai Chintapitaksakul, Khanin Wongsarattanasin, Oh-Kyu Kwon, Hae-Eun Kang and Yeun-Kyung Shin
Vet. Sci. 2024, 11(1), 10; https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci11010010 - 22 Dec 2023
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Abstract
Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is a viral infection that impacts the cattle industry. The most efficient approach to prevent disease involves the utilization of live-attenuated LSD vaccines (LAVs), which stands out as the most successful method. However, LAVs might be subjected to changes [...] Read more.
Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is a viral infection that impacts the cattle industry. The most efficient approach to prevent disease involves the utilization of live-attenuated LSD vaccines (LAVs), which stands out as the most successful method. However, LAVs might be subjected to changes to their genomes during replication that increase viral infectivity or virulence. The objective of this study was to monitor alterations in the genetic characteristics of the lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) in beef cattle following the administration of LAVs in Lopburi Province of Central Thailand. A total of four skin samples from LSD cases were collected from non-vaccinated animals that exhibited LSD clinical symptoms from two distinct districts, spanning three subdistricts within the region. The samples of cattle were analyzed using real-time PCR targeting the LSDV074 p32 gene, the virus was isolated, and the entire genome sequences were evaluated through a single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) analysis, and phylogenetic trees were assembled. The investigations revealed that LSDVs from two isolates from Chai Badan district exhibited significant mutations in the open reading frame (ORF) 023 putative protein, while another two isolates from Lam Sonthi district had a change in the untranslated region (UTR). For a result, the most proficient disease diagnosis and control should be evaluated on viral genetics on a regular basis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Genetic Detection and Analysis of Domestic Animal Viruses)
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12 pages, 1716 KiB  
Article
An Outbreak of Newcastle Disease Virus in the Moscow Region in the Summer of 2022
by Artyom Rtishchev, Anastasia Treshchalina, Elena Shustova, Elizaveta Boravleva and Alexandra Gambaryan
Vet. Sci. 2023, 10(6), 404; https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci10060404 - 19 Jun 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1575
Abstract
In August 2022 on a backyard farm in the Moscow region of Russia, mortality was observed among chickens, and all 45 birds of a particular farm died or were slaughtered after the onset of symptoms within a few days. Paramyxovirus was isolated from [...] Read more.
In August 2022 on a backyard farm in the Moscow region of Russia, mortality was observed among chickens, and all 45 birds of a particular farm died or were slaughtered after the onset of symptoms within a few days. Paramyxovirus was isolated from the diseased birds. Based on the nucleotide sequences of the F and NP gene fragments, it was determined that the virus belonged to subgenotype VII.1 AAvV-1 class II. The cleavage site of the F gene 109SGGRRQKRFIG119 and T in 546 and 555 position of the NP gene were typical for the velogenic type. The genetically closest NDV isolates were found in Iran. The mean time of death of 10-day-old chicken embryos upon infection with the minimal infectious dose was 52 h, which is typical for the velogenic pathotype. The virus caused 100% death of six-week-old chickens during oral infection as well as 100% mortality of all contact chickens, including those located in remote cages, which proves the ability of the virus to spread not only by the fecal–oral route but also by the aerosol route. That demonstrates a high level of pathogenicity and contagiousness of the isolated strain for chicken. However, mice intranasally infected with high doses of the virus did not die. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Genetic Detection and Analysis of Domestic Animal Viruses)
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