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Vaccines
Special Issues
Research in Innate and Adaptive Immunity
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Research in Innate and Adaptive Immunity

A special issue of Vaccines (ISSN 2076-393X). This special issue belongs to the section "Innate and Adaptive Immunity in Vaccination".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 June 2024 | Viewed by 3159

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Jose Moisés Laparra

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Molecular Immunonutrition Group, Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies in Food (IMDEA-Food), 28049 Madrid, Spain
Interests: immunonutrition; macrophages; trained immunity; gut-liver axis; microbiota
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Juan Antonio Giménez-Bastida

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Laboratory of Food and Helath, Research Group on Quality, Safety and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, Department Food Science and Technology, CEBAS-CSIC, P.O. Box 164, Campus de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain
Interests: polyphenols; in vitro; in vivo; pharmacology; eicosanoids; inflammation; cardiovascular; health; bioactive molecules
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The intricate immune signals between both innate and adaptive branches of the immune system not only represent our first line of defense but also allow us to normally develop during ontogeny. These interactions take place sequentially to establish adequate metabolic and microbial commensal response(s), offering protection to exogenous biological entities and to an exaggerated inflammation. Complex cellular and humoral networks of adaptive immune cells and metabolic products are well known. However, fundamental questions remain unanswered about the interconnexion between innate and adaptive immune response(s) to immunoevasion. These will improve our knowledge on immunometabolic diseases, cancer, virus clearance, and recovery of immunocompetence. Identification and development of those with a concerted perspective will overcome the usually fragmented and compartmentalized approach to addressing the underlying immune alterations. Integrating both components in the context of its relationship to exposures (i.e., diet, environment, microbiota) and the host’s intrinsic and modifiable factors and disease outcomes will contribute toward vaccine and immunotherapeutic design and evaluation. 

Dr. Jose Moisés Laparra
Dr. Juan Antonio Giménez-Bastida
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Vaccines is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • innate immunity
  • adaptive immunity
  • trained immunity
  • cancer
  • virus
  • neuroimmunology

Published Papers (1 paper)

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21 pages, 5285 KiB  
Systematic Review
The Role of Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio in Risk Stratification and Prognostication of COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
by Ashwaghosha Parthasarathi, Sunag Padukudru, Sumalata Arunachal, Chetak Kadabasal Basavaraj, Mamidipudi Thirumala Krishna, Koustav Ganguly, Swapna Upadhyay and Mahesh Padukudru Anand
Vaccines 2022, 10(8), 1233; https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10081233 - 01 Aug 2022
Cited by 24 | Viewed by 2674
Abstract
Several studies have proposed that the neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is one of the various biomarkers that can be useful in assessing COVID-19 disease-related outcomes. Our systematic review analyzes the relationship between on-admission NLR values and COVID-19 severity and mortality. Six different severity criteria [...] Read more.
Several studies have proposed that the neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is one of the various biomarkers that can be useful in assessing COVID-19 disease-related outcomes. Our systematic review analyzes the relationship between on-admission NLR values and COVID-19 severity and mortality. Six different severity criteria were used. A search of the literature in various databases was conducted from 1 January 2020 to 1 May 2021. We calculated the pooled standardized mean difference (SMD) for the collected NLR values. A meta-regression analysis was performed, looking at the length of hospitalization and other probable confounders, such as age, gender, and comorbidities. A total of sixty-four studies were considered, which included a total of 15,683 patients. The meta-analysis showed an SMD of 3.12 (95% CI: 2.64–3.59) in NLR values between severe and non-severe patients. A difference of 3.93 (95% CI: 2.35–5.50) was found between survivors and non-survivors of the disease. Upon summary receiver operating characteristics analysis, NLR showed 80.2% (95% CI: 74.0–85.2%) sensitivity and 75.8% (95% CI: 71.3–79.9%) specificity for the prediction of severity and 78.8% (95% CI: 73.5–83.2%) sensitivity and 73.0% (95% CI: 68.4–77.1%) specificity for mortality, and was not influenced by age, gender, or co-morbid conditions. Conclusion: On admission, NLR predicts both severity and mortality in COVID-19 patients, and an NLR > 6.5 is associated with significantly greater the odds of mortality. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research in Innate and Adaptive Immunity)
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