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Advances in Wind Engineering for Sustainable Structure
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Advances in Wind Engineering for Sustainable Structure

A special issue of Sustainability (ISSN 2071-1050). This special issue belongs to the section "Sustainable Engineering and Science".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 March 2024) | Viewed by 5749

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Guohui Shen

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
Interests: wind load; wind-induced response; wind tunnel test; high-rise building; low-rise building; transmission tower; large hyperbolic cooling tower; finite element method
Prof. Dr. Shouying Li

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changshang 410082, China
Interests: structural wind engineering; vibration control
Dr. Jianfeng Yao

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Hangzhou 310018, China
Interests: wind engineering; structural computation; transmission tower; solar panel

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In recent years, human activities have brought more frequent and stronger extreme weather conditions. Due to climate change, wind-induced disasters have raged all over the world, and many structures have been damaged, especially wind-sensitive structures, such as high-rise and long-span structures. However, with economic development, the human demand for wind-sensitive structures has grown rapidly, which necessitates higher requirements for the sustainable development of construction.

At present, the research on complex wind fields and wind-induced responses is not deep or accurate enough, and thus research on wind fields and wind action on structures are necessary for the sustainable development of infrastructure.

Taking into account these premises, this Special Issue aims to present original research articles and reviews on advances in wind engineering for sustainable structures. Potential topics include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • Aerodynamics—including buildings, bridges, cables, vehicles, and sports
  • Extreme wind events analysis
  • Field measurement and wind tunnel techniques
  • Loads due to hurricanes, tornadoes, and downbursts
  • Local wind loads on roofing and cladding
  • Wind loads on structures
  • Wind profiles
  • Wind-related disaster risk reduction
  • Wind–structure interaction
  • Wind-resistant design of structures

We look forward to receiving your contributions.

Dr. Guohui Shen
Prof. Dr. Shouying Li
Dr. Jianfeng Yao
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Sustainability is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • extreme wind events
  • structural aerodynamics
  • wind tunnel test
  • CFD simulation
  • vibration suppression
  • wind loading
  • field measurement
  • high-rise/long-span structures

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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17 pages, 12272 KiB  
Article
In Situ Structural Health Monitoring of Full-Scale Wind Turbine Blades in Operation Based on Stereo Digital Image Correlation
by Weiwu Feng, Da Yang, Wenxue Du and Qiang Li
Sustainability 2023, 15(18), 13783; https://doi.org/10.3390/su151813783 - 15 Sep 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 917
Abstract
Structural health monitoring (SHM) and the operational condition assessment of blades are greatly important for the operation of wind turbines that are at a high risk of disease in service for more than 5 years. Since certain types of blade faults only occur [...] Read more.
Structural health monitoring (SHM) and the operational condition assessment of blades are greatly important for the operation of wind turbines that are at a high risk of disease in service for more than 5 years. Since certain types of blade faults only occur during wind turbine operation, it is more significant to perform in situ SHM of rotating full-scale blades than existing SHM of small-scale blades or static testing of full-scale blades. Considering that these blades are usually not prefabricated with relevant sensors, this study performed SHM and condition assessment of full-scale blades in operation with stereo digital image correlation. A self-calibration method adapted to the outdoors with a large field of view was introduced based on the speckled patterns. To accurately obtain the in- and off-plane deformation, a new reference frame is constructed at the center of the rotation of the blades. The 3D displacements of the points of interest (POIs) on the blade of a 2 MW wind turbine were characterized. Furthermore, the frequency spectrum of the measured 3D displacements of the blades was compared with the blades with the faults. The results showed that the introduced technique is a convenient and nondestructive technique that enables SHM of full-scale wind turbine blades in operation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Wind Engineering for Sustainable Structure)
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20 pages, 10655 KiB  
Article
Numerical and Experimental Study on Flow Field around Slab-Type High-Rise Residential Buildings
by Yuchao Xia, Yan Shen, Jiahui Yuan and Shuifu Chen
Sustainability 2023, 15(17), 12685; https://doi.org/10.3390/su151712685 - 22 Aug 2023
Viewed by 658
Abstract
High-rise residential buildings often adopt rectangular cross-sections with large depth-to-width ratios. Moreover, the cross-sections have many grooves and chamfers for better ventilation and lighting. However, related research is lacking. This study performed wind tunnel tests and large eddy simulations (LES) on two typical [...] Read more.
High-rise residential buildings often adopt rectangular cross-sections with large depth-to-width ratios. Moreover, the cross-sections have many grooves and chamfers for better ventilation and lighting. However, related research is lacking. This study performed wind tunnel tests and large eddy simulations (LES) on two typical buildings to analyze the surface wind pressures and flow fields around the buildings. The base moment spectra, along with the wind pressure coefficients, demonstrate that numerical simulation is capable of accurately representing the magnitudes and variations in wind loads along the height of the building. Furthermore, numerical simulation effectively captures the dominant energy distribution characteristics of fluctuating wind loads in the frequency domain. The shear layer separations, vortex shedding and reattachment phenomenon were observed. It was found that in the middle and lower parts of the buildings, the shear layer separation changed dramatically. Buildings with depth-to-width ratios close to 2 are minimally affected by changes in wind direction. However, for buildings with larger depth-to-width ratios, especially when the short side faces the wind, the reattachment of the shear layer and the shedding of wake vortices become crucial factors in generating fluctuating cross-wind loads. This emphasizes the significant impact of wind direction and plan dimensions on flow characteristics and aerodynamic behavior. When the building contained corners and grooves, the low-wind-speed area induced by the shear layer separation shrank and the reattachment point shifted closer to the windward facade. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Wind Engineering for Sustainable Structure)
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22 pages, 7683 KiB  
Article
Improvement of Wind-Induced Responses of Twin Towers Using Modal Substructure Method with Link Bridges
by Wei-feng Qin, Zhibin Tu, Shice Yu and Jiming Xie
Sustainability 2023, 15(16), 12397; https://doi.org/10.3390/su151612397 - 15 Aug 2023
Viewed by 759
Abstract
A new wind-resistant design optimization method for twin towers by utilizing link bridges, named as the Modal Substructure (MSS) method, is proposed. The MSS method combines the benefits of engineering design approaches and theoretical analysis methods to achieve efficient wind-induced vibration control tailored [...] Read more.
A new wind-resistant design optimization method for twin towers by utilizing link bridges, named as the Modal Substructure (MSS) method, is proposed. The MSS method combines the benefits of engineering design approaches and theoretical analysis methods to achieve efficient wind-induced vibration control tailored to specific twin tower projects. The method involves three main steps: (1) establishing control objectives based on the wind-induced response characteristics of the twin towers, (2) determining control strategies by analyzing the modal acceleration characteristics of the twin towers, and (3) performing parameter optimization of the link bridge, including assessing the damping ratio, mass ratio, and frequency ratio of the bridge. By applying the MSS method, optimal configurations for the link bridge can be identified, leading to effective vibration reduction effects. The wind-induced responses of the twin towers exhibit three distinct types: predominance of out-of-phase response, predominance of in-phase response, and equal importance of in-phase and out-of-phase responses. Each response type necessitates the implementation of specific control strategies. We propose a two-section link bridge design approach: the upper section functions as a tuned mass damper to effectively control the in-phase response, while the lower section is designed as a “stiffness + damping component” to reduce the out-of-phase response. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Wind Engineering for Sustainable Structure)
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17 pages, 4465 KiB  
Article
Effects of Surface-Attached Vertical Ribs on Wind Loads and Wind-Induced Responses of High-Rise Buildings
by Yanyu Ke, Guohui Shen, Xiaoyue Yang and Jiming Xie
Sustainability 2022, 14(18), 11394; https://doi.org/10.3390/su141811394 - 11 Sep 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1266
Abstract
Façade design tends to be diverse with increasing requirements for architectural functions in modern high-rise buildings, leading to various aerodynamic roughness conditions of the building surface. A typical practice is setting vertical ribs on the building façade. This study aims to clarify the [...] Read more.
Façade design tends to be diverse with increasing requirements for architectural functions in modern high-rise buildings, leading to various aerodynamic roughness conditions of the building surface. A typical practice is setting vertical ribs on the building façade. This study aims to clarify the effects of vertical ribs on the wind loads and wind-induced responses of high-rise buildings. The models with four vertical rib configurations were tested in the open and suburban exposures using the High-Frequency Force Balance (HFFB) technique in a wind tunnel. The base overturning moments and corresponding responses are demonstrated and compared between models and exposures. Results show that the vertical ribs with a relative width of 4% can not only reduce the mean force coefficients in the along-wind direction but also attenuate the cross-wind vibration by disrupting the regular vortex shedding. Moreover, the half-distributed and full-distributed rib configurations have almost indistinguishable benefit, indicating that the ribs in the corner region of the building façade play a dominant role in reducing the wind-induced responses. Although the cross-wind responses of the building would be less severe in the suburban exposure than those in the open exposure, the reduction rate of the wind-induced responses by the vertical ribs remains almost unchanged. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Wind Engineering for Sustainable Structure)
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17 pages, 6241 KiB  
Essay
Study on Wind-Induced Human Comfort of the SEG Plaza under Local Excitation Based on Wind Tunnel Test
by Wei Xu, Renjie Li, Jianlei Qiu, Qingxiang Li and Zhiwei Yu
Sustainability 2023, 15(4), 3067; https://doi.org/10.3390/su15043067 - 08 Feb 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1238
Abstract
Multiple unusual vibrations occurred in SEG Plaza from May 18 to 20, 2021. To investigate the causes of these vibrations, a rigidity compression wind tunnel test was applied to study the wind-induced response of the main structure, and acceleration sensitivity analysis was conducted [...] Read more.
Multiple unusual vibrations occurred in SEG Plaza from May 18 to 20, 2021. To investigate the causes of these vibrations, a rigidity compression wind tunnel test was applied to study the wind-induced response of the main structure, and acceleration sensitivity analysis was conducted with parameters such as wind speed, structural period and damping ratio included. Additionally, the mast vortex-induced resonance equivalent force of reaction in the bottom was exerted on the top of the structure to obtain the acceleration response of the main structure with mast. Based on the evaluation of the vibration response of the structure before and after considering the mast as per the current specifications, it is indicated that the base overturning moment of the structure is much smaller than the specification value excluding the factor of mast, and the acceleration response varies significantly with wind pressure, structural frequency and damping ratio, but the centroid acceleration and the angular acceleration meet the comfort requirements. This indicates that the wind load on the main structure is not the dominant cause of the structural vibration. With the mast taken into account, the acceleration response of the structure exceeds the limits of the comfort level to varying degrees. For a mast damping ratio of 0.3%, the maximum angular acceleration exceeds the H-90 limit and the comfort level is poor. These findings provide considerable evidence that the dominant cause of vibration in the SEG Plaza was the vortex resonance of the top mast inducing higher mode resonance in the main structure. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Wind Engineering for Sustainable Structure)
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