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Advanced Measurement Systems in the Operation of Ships and Offshore Facilities

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A special issue of Sensors (ISSN 1424-8220). This special issue belongs to the section "Fault Diagnosis & Sensors".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 October 2022) | Viewed by 17257

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Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Leszek Chybowski

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Guest Editor

Faculty of Marine Engineering, Maritime University of Szczecin, ul. Waly Chrobrego 1-2, 70-500 Szczecin, Poland
Interests: diesel engines; operation and maintenance; reliability and safety; energy conversion; failure prevention; directed innovations; marine systems; machinery; propulsion systems; TRIZ; inventics; modelling; fault prediction; condition monitoring
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Prof. Dr. Arkadiusz Tomczak

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Guest Editor

Master Mariner, Hydrographer Cat.
Faculty of Navigation, Maritime University of Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
Interests: navigation; hydrography; positioning systems; INS; data analysis; estimation
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Prof. Dr. Maciej Kozak

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Guest Editor

Marine Electrician Officer,
Faculty of Mechatronics and Electrical Engineering, Maritime University of Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
Interests: power electronics; ship electrical systems; real-time programming; control of electrical converters.
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The development of modern measurement methods for ship systems results from economic changes and increasingly stringent environmental requirements. At the same time, the specificity of ship systems and the conditions in which they work produce very restrictive requirements for the reliability and accuracy of measuring systems on ships and offshore facilities. The digitization of many processes carried out on ships, oil rigs, platforms, etc. intensifies their complexity and increases security requirements. This Special Issue is dedicated to research in the field of measurement methods and condition monitoring of marine systems. We encourage authors to publish the results of their research related to the development of modern systems on ships and offshore facilities, in particular concentrating on measurement and assessment of processes occurring in ship propulsion systems, ship navigation systems, maritime communications, maritime safety and alarm systems, marine cargo handling equipment, offshore technological systems, etc.

This Special Issue will address all types of sensors and measurement systems designed for ships and offshore facilities. This Special Issue provides an advanced forum for the science and technology of sensors and measuring systems. Regarding marine systems such as ships and offshore facilities, the scope of the SI will be tackling mostly topics associated with physical sensors, remote sensors, smart/Intelligent sensors, sensor devices, sensor technology and application, signal processing, data fusion, sensor interfaces, human–computer interaction, sensing systems, and localization and object tracking.

Prof. Dr. Leszek Chybowski
Prof. Dr. Arkadiusz Tomczak
Prof. Dr. Maciej Kozak
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Sensors is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

Marine systems
Ships propulsion
Marine power plants
Navigation equipment
Communication equipment
Ship handling
Ships and offshore facilities
Condition monitoring
Safety and security systems
Alarm systems

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

57 pages, 12133 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Guidelines on Asset Management of Offshore Facilities for Monitoring, Sustainable Maintenance, and Safety Practices

by Chiemela Victor Amaechi, Ahmed Reda, Irish Mpho Kgosiemang, Idris Ahmed Ja’e, Abiodun Kolawole Oyetunji, Michael Ayodele Olukolajo and Ikechi Bright Igwe

Sensors 2022, 22(19), 7270; https://doi.org/10.3390/s22197270 - 25 Sep 2022

Cited by 7 | Viewed by 7244

Abstract

Recent activities in the oil and gas industry have shown an increasing need for monitoring engagements, such as in shipping, logistics, exploration, drilling, or production. Hence, there is a need to have asset management of these offshore assets (or facilities). Much of the offshore infrastructure is currently approaching or past its operational life expectancy. The study presents an overview on asset management of offshore facilities towards monitoring, safe practices, maintenance, and sustainability. This study outlines the major considerations and the steps to take when evaluating asset life extensions for an aging offshore structure (or asset). The design and construction of offshore structures require some materials that are used to make the structural units, such as offshore platform rigs, ships, and boats. Maintaining existing assets in the field and developing new platforms that are capable of extracting future oil and gas resources are the two key issues facing the offshore sector. This paper also discusses fault diagnosis using sensors in the offshore facilities. The ocean environment is constantly corrosive, and the production activities demand extremely high levels of safety and reliability. Due to the limited space and remote location of most offshore operations, producing cost-effective, efficient, and long-lasting equipment necessitates a high level of competence. This paper presents the guidelines on asset monitoring, sustainable maintenance, and safety practices for offshore structures. In this study, the management of offshore structures were also presented with some discussions on fault monitoring using sensors. It also proposes sustainable asset management approaches as guidelines that are advised, with policy implications. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Measurement Systems in the Operation of Ships and Offshore Facilities)

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22 pages, 7348 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Fuzzy Inference and Sequence Model-Based Collision Risk Prediction System for Stand-On Vessel

by Ho Namgung and Sung-Wook Ohn

Sensors 2022, 22(13), 4983; https://doi.org/10.3390/s22134983 - 01 Jul 2022

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1994

Abstract

Although the International Regulations for Preventing Collision at Sea (COLREGs) provide guidelines for determining the encounter relations between vessels and assessing collision risk, most collision accidents occur in crossing situations. Accordingly, prior studies have investigated methods to identify the relation between the give-way and stand-on vessels in crossing situations to allow the stand-on vessel to make the optimal collision-avoidance decision. However, these studies were hindered by several limitations. For example, the collision risk at the current time (t) was evaluated as an input variable obtained at the current time (t), and collision-avoidance decisions were made based on the evaluated collision risk. To address these limitations, a collision risk prediction system was developed for stand-on vessels using a fuzzy inference system based on near-collision (FIS-NC) and a sequence model to facilitate quicker collision avoidance decision making. This was achieved by predicting the future time point (t + i) collision risk index (CRI) of the stand-on vessel at the current time point (t) when the own-ship is determined to be the stand-on vessel in different encounter relations. According to the performance verification results, navigators who use the developed system to predict the CRI are expected to avoid collisions with greater clearance distance and time. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Measurement Systems in the Operation of Ships and Offshore Facilities)

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12 pages, 1477 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Seabed Modelling by Means of Airborne Laser Bathymetry Data and Imbalanced Learning for Offshore Mapping

by Tomasz Kogut, Arkadiusz Tomczak, Adam Słowik and Tomasz Oberski

Sensors 2022, 22(9), 3121; https://doi.org/10.3390/s22093121 - 19 Apr 2022

Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1814

Abstract

An important problem associated with the aerial mapping of the seabed is the precise classification of point clouds characterizing the water surface, bottom, and bottom objects. This study aimed to improve the accuracy of classification by addressing the asymmetric amount of data representing these three groups. A total of 53 Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique (SMOTE) algorithms were adjusted and evaluated to balance the amount of data. The prepared data set was used to train the Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) neural network used for classifying the point cloud. Data balancing contributed to significantly increasing the accuracy of classification. The best overall classification accuracy achieved varied from 95.8% to 97.0%, depending on the oversampling algorithm used, and was significantly better than the classification accuracy obtained for unbalanced data and data with downsampling (89.6% and 93.5%, respectively). Some of the algorithms allow for 10% increased detection of points on the objects compared to unbalanced data or data with simple downsampling. The results suggest that the use of selected oversampling algorithms can aid in improving the point cloud classification and making the airborne laser bathymetry technique more appropriate for seabed mapping. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Measurement Systems in the Operation of Ships and Offshore Facilities)

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15 pages, 3351 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Analysis of Marine-Pilot Biometric Data Recordings during Port-Approach Using a Full-Mission Simulator

by Dejan Žagar, Matija Svetina, Tanja Brcko, Marko Perkovič, Franc Dimc and Andrej Košir

Sensors 2022, 22(7), 2701; https://doi.org/10.3390/s22072701 - 31 Mar 2022

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1549

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to analyse data from the marine pilots’ bio-sensor readings to determine how experience affects their biometrical response during the port approach. The experiences play a significant role in the participant’s decision-making process and correlate with the repetitions. Through the repetitions of the experimental task, the participants gain experience, which correlates with the biometrical response, e.g., heart rate, electrodermal activity, etc. After exposing the two experience-distinct groups of participants to the same simulated port-approaching task, their collected biometric data is analysed and discussed. The results show that biometrical readings of the less experienced participants typically vary compared to that of the experienced participants, who take the simulated task more seriously. The study also yields insight into the workload process, involving disturbing factors during the task. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Measurement Systems in the Operation of Ships and Offshore Facilities)

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15 pages, 2092 KiB

Open AccessFeature PaperArticle

A Methodology for Simply Evaluating the Safety of a Passenger Ship Stability Using the Index for the Intact Stability Appraisal Module

by Donghan Woo and Nam-Kyun Im

Sensors 2022, 22(5), 1938; https://doi.org/10.3390/s22051938 - 02 Mar 2022

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1961

Abstract

To evaluate the safety of passenger ships’ stability, ten stability parameters should be calculated. However, since the process for calculating all stability parameters is complex without a ship loading program, a convenient methodology to simply calculate them and evaluate the safety condition of a passenger ship is required to alert the hazard to a captain, officer, and crew. The Index for Passenger Ship Intact Stability Appraisal Module (IPSAM) is proposed herein. According to the value of a passenger ship’s metacentric height (GM) which could be calculated by the ship’s roll period measured by sensors in real-time, IPSAM simply calculates nine intact stability parameters except for

A n g l e_{m a x G Z}

and proposes the present stability status as a Single Intact Stability Index (SISI). It helps crews easily recognize the safety of passenger ships’ stability as a decision support system in real-time. Based on the intact stability parameters of 331 loading conditions of 11 passenger ships, empirical formulas for IPSAM were derived. To verify the empirical formulas of IPSAM, the stability parameters of a passenger ship in 20 loading conditions were calculated using proposed empirical formulas and the principal calculation methods respectively, then compared. Additionally, the result of the SISI of 20 loading conditions successfully indicates the danger as the value of the SISI under 1.0 of the three loading conditions that do not satisfy the IMO intact stability requirements. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Measurement Systems in the Operation of Ships and Offshore Facilities)

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16 pages, 3931 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Investigation on Applicability and Limitation of Cosine Similarity-Based Structural Condition Monitoring for Gageocho Offshore Structure

by Byungmo Kim, Jaewon Oh and Cheonhong Min

Sensors 2022, 22(2), 663; https://doi.org/10.3390/s22020663 - 15 Jan 2022

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1681

Abstract

The key to coping with global warming is reconstructing energy governance from carbon-based to sustainable resources. Offshore energy sources, such as offshore wind turbines, are promising alternatives. However, the abnormal climate is a potential threat to the safety of offshore structures because construction guidelines cannot embrace climate outliers. A cosine similarity-based maintenance strategy may be a possible solution for managing and mitigating these risks. However, a study reporting its application to an actual field structure has not yet been reported. Thus, as an initial study, this study investigated whether the technique is applicable or whether it has limitations in the real field using an actual example, the Gageocho Ocean Research Station. Consequently, it was found that damage can only be detected correctly if the damage states are very similar to the comparison target database. Therefore, the high accuracy of natural frequencies, including environmental effects, should be ensured. Specifically, damage scenarios must be carefully designed, and an alternative is to devise more efficient techniques that can compensate for the present procedure. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Measurement Systems in the Operation of Ships and Offshore Facilities)

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