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Swarm Perception and Control of UAVs

A special issue of Sensors (ISSN 1424-8220). This special issue belongs to the section "Intelligent Sensors".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2020) | Viewed by 5769

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
School of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
Interests: UAVs swarm; robotic vision; machine learning; MBSE

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
Interests: robotic vision; path planning of UAVs; pattern recognition; machine learning; face recognition; wavelets
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Department of Computer Engineering Technology, New York City College of Technology, City University of New York, New York, USA
Interests: Swarm robotics; applied control; computer vision; wireless sensor network; cognitive radio network; hetereomorphism robotics and IoT/IoRT
Key Laboratory of Information Fusion Technology, Ministry of Education, School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
Interests: unmanned systems; information fusion; distributed control; navigation
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
Interests: UAV swarm; perception-aware control; sensor fusion; robotics vision

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Aerial robotics has become an area of intense research within the robotics and control community, and autonomous aerial robots can capitalize on the three-dimensional (3D) airspace with aplomb.

In recent years, swarms of such aerial robots or autonomous unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are emerging as a disruptive technology to enable highly reconfigurable, on-demand, distributed intelligent autonomous systems with high impact in many areas of science, technology, and society. Applications of UAV swarm systems span a broad spectrum of areas, including human-unreachable environments and challenging domains. Various specific tasks are addressed, such as foraging and coverage of a given area, UAV swarm observation, object pushing and transportation, exploration, and flocking. In any application, autonomous aerial swarms are expected to be more capable than a single large vehicle, offering significantly enhanced flexibility (adaptability, scalability, and maintainability) and robustness (reliability, survivability, and fault tolerance).

Swarming aerial robots must operate autonomously in a complex 3D world including urban canyons and an airspace that is getting increasingly crowded with drones and commercial airplanes. A cooperative UAV swarm can share information or tasks to accomplish a common, though perhaps not singular, objective. In order to achieve the goals of the swarming aerial robots, swarm task planning and decision-making, swarm game and cooperation, swarm evolution and configuration control, as well as swarm perception and reasoning have received increasing attention.

On the other hand, the success of aerial swarms flying in a 3D world is predicated on the distributed and synergistic capabilities of controlling individual and collective motions of aerial robots with limited resources for on-board computation, power, communication, sensing, and actuation. Achieving large-scale group autonomy in complex environments requires computationally efficient and scalable algorithms. UAVs obtain spatial information from their onboard sensor system and vision system, and the onboard perception algorithm must be run on an appropriately small time scale to enable the UAV to avoid collisions with dynamic, unexpected obstacles. Therefore, how to deal with airborne perceptual information and achieve end-to-end “perception control” is also a very important issue.  

To date, the efforts in the study of airborne visual perception and collaborative controller design of UAV swarm systems have been continuously increasing, but many problems remains to be explored, discovered, and solved. The primary purpose of this Special Issue is to explore and display the latest achievements of UAV swarm theory and technology in modeling, control, planning, sensing, design, and implementation. The areas of interests include, but are not limited to:

  • Overview of UAVs swarm control;
  • Swarm control theories and technologies;
  • Swarm modeling of multiple-vehicle cooperation;
  • Swarm game, cooperation, and optimization;
  • Swarm cooperative path planning and re-planning;
  • Swarm dynamics network synchronization;
  • Swarm evolution and configuration control;
  • Swarm cooperative formation control;
  • Bio-inspired cooperative swarm behavior simulation;
  • Swarm distributed consensus;
  • Fault-tolerance and robustness in UAVs swarm systems;
  • Artificial intelligence in swarm cooperative control;
  • Heterogeneous teams (combining different type of vehicles or manned/unmanned systems, end-effectors, and sensors);
  • Deep learning for resource-constrained embedded vision sensor applications;
  • End-to-end UAV airborne perception and control algorithm;
  • Defect prediction and location based on swarm intelligence.

Dr. Jin Xiao
Dr. Baochang Zhang
Dr. Xiaohai Li
Dr. Jinwen Hu
Dr. Yang Lyu
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 1914 KiB  
Communication
DSSM: Distributed Streaming Data Sharing Manager
by Hiroaki Fukuda, Ryota Gunji, Tadahiro Hasegawa, Paul Leger and Ismael Figueroa
Sensors 2021, 21(4), 1344; https://doi.org/10.3390/s21041344 - 14 Feb 2021
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2555
Abstract
Developing robot control software systems is difficult because of a wide variety of requirements, including hardware systems and sensors, even though robots are demanding nowadays. Middleware systems, such as Robot Operating System (ROS), are being developed and widely used to tackle this difficulty. [...] Read more.
Developing robot control software systems is difficult because of a wide variety of requirements, including hardware systems and sensors, even though robots are demanding nowadays. Middleware systems, such as Robot Operating System (ROS), are being developed and widely used to tackle this difficulty. Streaming data Sharing Manager (SSM) is one of such middleware systems that allow developers to write and read sensor data with timestamps using a Personal Computer (PC). The timestamp feature is essential for the robot control system because it usually uses multiple sensors with their own measurement cycles, meaning that measured sensor values with different timestamps become useless for the robot control. Using SSM allows developers to use measured sensor values with the same timestamps; however, SSM assumes that only one PC is used. Thereby, if one process consumes CPU resources intensively, other processes cannot finish their assumed deadlines, leading to the unexpected behavior of a robot. This paper proposes an SSM middleware, named Distributed Streaming data Sharing Manager (DSSM), that enables distributing processes on SSM to different PCs. We have developed a prototype of DSSM and confirmed its behavior so far. In addition, we apply DSSM to an existing real SSM based robot control system that autonomously controls an unmanned vehicle robot. We then reveal its advantages and disadvantages via several experiments by measuring resource usages. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Swarm Perception and Control of UAVs)
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30 pages, 1439 KiB  
Article
UAV Swarms Behavior Modeling Using Tracking Bigraphical Reactive Systems
by Piotr Cybulski and Zbigniew Zieliński
Sensors 2021, 21(2), 622; https://doi.org/10.3390/s21020622 - 17 Jan 2021
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2171
Abstract
Recently, there has been a fairly rapid increase in interest in the use of UAV swarms both in civilian and military operations. This is mainly due to relatively low cost, greater flexibility, and increasing efficiency of swarms themselves. However, in order to efficiently [...] Read more.
Recently, there has been a fairly rapid increase in interest in the use of UAV swarms both in civilian and military operations. This is mainly due to relatively low cost, greater flexibility, and increasing efficiency of swarms themselves. However, in order to efficiently operate a swarm of UAVs, it is necessary to address the various autonomous behaviors of its constituent elements, to achieve cooperation and suitability to complex scenarios. In order to do so, a novel method for modeling UAV swarm missions and determining behavior for the swarm elements was developed. The proposed method is based on bigraphs with tracking for modeling different tasks and agents activities related to the UAV swarm mission. The key finding of the study is the algorithm for determining all possible behavior policies for swarm elements achieving the objective of the mission within certain assumptions. The design method is scalable, highly automated, and problem-agnostic, which allows to incorporate it in solving different kinds of swarm tasks. Additionally, it separates the mission modeling stage from behavior determining thus allowing new algorithms to be used in the future. Two simulation case studies are presented to demonstrate how the design process deals with typical aspects of a UAV swarm mission. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Swarm Perception and Control of UAVs)
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