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Special Issue "Fiber Optic Sensing and Applications"

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A special issue of Sensors (ISSN 1424-8220). This special issue belongs to the section "Optical Sensors".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 25 June 2024 | Viewed by 3389

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Dr. Jinjun Xia

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Guest Editor

Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Lawrence Technological University, Southfield, MI 48075, USA
Interests: optical instrumentation; optical science; laser ultrasonics; ultrasound guided photoacoustic imaging for molecular detection in turbid media
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Dr. Qingsong Cui

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Guest Editor

Physics, Astronomy, Geoscience, and Engineering Technology Department, Valdosta State University, Valdosta, GA 31698, USA
Interests: fibre optic sensors

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Optical fiber, in addition to its original purpose as a long-distance optical signal carrier, has also gained very wide applications in the sensing field. As optical glass or plastic is drawn into a very thin fiber, light transport is substantially changed to be suitable for confined long-distance transport, the physical foundation of controlled long-distance light transport in optical communication. On the other hand, the very thin diameter of the optical fiber makes its refractive index very sensitive to environment changes, which is one of the major reasons that optical fiber is used for sensing applications. Meanwhile, the photorefractive properties of the optical fiber can be easily controlled and manipulated due to the small diameter, which makes it very flexible to control light properties and transport in the fiber; this is why optical fiber is often being used to construct fiber-optic-based sensing systems. Among many advantages in fiber-optic applications, perhaps the most prominent is that because of its long slim shape, optical fiber can be delivered to places that are not easily reachable with conventional methods to achieve its sensing purpose. In addition, because of its guided light delivery, optical alignment is not necessary, making the application very flexible and convenient. Its portability is dramatically improved compared to other light delivery methods such as free space delivery due to the elimination of many bulky optical components. All these advantages make optical-fiber-based sensors and systems very attractive to interdisciplinary researchers. The purpose of this Special Issue is to call for papers that reflect the most recent advancements in fiber-optic-related sensing, including fundamental research and innovative applications. Topics listed in the following are especially encouraged:

New development in optical sensing fiber materials;
Emerging fiber-optic sensing device design and applications;
Photorefractive materials in fiber-optic sensing applications;
Optical transport in optical fiber for sensing;
Optical fiber fabrication for sensing;
Optical-fiber-based sensors/systems;
Signal processing in fiber-optic sensors/systems;
Artificial intelligence with fiber-optic-based sensors/systems.

Dr. Jinjun Xia
Dr. Qingsong Cui
Guest Editors

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Research

Open AccessArticle

Fast Feature Extraction Method for Brillouin Scattering Spectrum of OPGW Optical Cable Based on BOTDR

Xiaojuan Chen

and

Haoyu Yu

Sensors 2023, 23(19), 8166; https://doi.org/10.3390/s23198166 - 29 Sep 2023

Viewed by 138

Abstract

Brillouin optical time domain reflectometry (BOTDR) detects fiber temperature and strain data and represents one of the most critical ways of identifying abnormal conditions such as ice coverage and lightning strikes on optical fiber composite overhead ground wire (OPGW) cable. Existing BOTDR extracts brillouin frequency shift (BFS) features with cumulative averaging and curve fitting. BFS feature extraction is slow for long-distance measurements, making realizing real-time measurements on fiber optic cables challenging. We propose a fast feature extraction method for block matching and 3D filtering (BM3D) + Sobel brillouin scattering spectroscopy (BGS). BM3D takes the advantage of non-local means (NLM) and wavelet denoising (WD) and utilizes the spatial-domain non-local principle to enhance the denoising in the transform domain. The global filtering capability of BM3D is utilized to filter out the low cumulative average BGS noise and the BFS feature extraction is completed using Sobel edge detection. Simulation verifies the feasibility of the algorithm, and the proposed method is embedded in BOTDR to measure 30 km of actual OPGW line. The experimental results show that under the same conditions, the processing time of this method is reduced by 37 times compared to that with the 50,000-time cumulative averaging + levenberg marquardt (LM) algorithm without severe distortion of the reference resolution. The method improves the sensor demodulation speed by using image processing technology without changing the existing hardware equipment, which is expected to be widely used in the new generation of BOTDR. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fiber Optic Sensing and Applications)

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Open AccessArticle

A Novel Catheter Distal Contact Force Sensing for Cardiac Ablation Based on Fiber Bragg Grating with Temperature Compensation

and

Sensors 2023, 23(5), 2866; https://doi.org/10.3390/s23052866 - 06 Mar 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1360

Abstract

Objective: To accurately achieve distal contact force, a novel temperature-compensated sensor is developed and integrated into an atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation catheter. Methods: A dual elastomer-based dual FBGs structure is used to differentiate the strain on the two FBGs to achieve temperature compensation, and the design is optimized and validated by finite element simulation. Results: The designed sensor has a sensitivity of 90.5 pm/N, resolution of 0.01 N, and root–mean–square error (RMSE) of 0.02 N and 0.04 N for dynamic force loading and temperature compensation, respectively, and can stably measure distal contact forces with temperature disturbances. Conclusion: Due to the advantages, i.e., simple structure, easy assembly, low cost, and good robustness, the proposed sensor is suitable for industrial mass production. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fiber Optic Sensing and Applications)

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Open AccessArticle

Machine Learning Estimation of the Phase at the Fading Points of an OFDR-Based Distributed Sensor

and

Sensors 2023, 23(1), 262; https://doi.org/10.3390/s23010262 - 27 Dec 2022

Viewed by 1389

Abstract

The paper reports a machine learning approach for estimating the phase in a distributed acoustic sensor implemented using optical frequency domain reflectometry, with enhanced robustness at the fading points. A neural network configuration was trained using a simulated set of optical signals that were modeled after the Rayleigh scattering pattern of a perturbed fiber. Firstly, the performance of the network was verified using another set of numerically generated scattering profiles to compare the achieved accuracy levels with the standard homodyne detection method. Then, the proposed method was tested on real experimental measurements, which indicated a detection improvement of at least 5.1 dB with respect to the standard approach. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fiber Optic Sensing and Applications)

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