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Polymers
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Polymers and Biopolymers for Tissue Engineering
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Polymers and Biopolymers for Tissue Engineering

A special issue of Polymers (ISSN 2073-4360). This special issue belongs to the section "Biomacromolecules, Biobased and Biodegradable Polymers".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (25 June 2023) | Viewed by 9135

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Aleš Mráček

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Physics and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlín, 5555, 760 01 Zlín, Czech Republic
Interests: physical and chemical properties of polymers and biopolymers (soft matter, solid state, liquid state); hydrogel-based on hyaluronan for biomedical and tissue engineering; surface physics (plasma modification, analysis of surfaces, SPM methods, electron microscopy, optical microscopy, spectroscopy)

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Polymers and biopolymers are key materials for tissue engineering. The optimization of polymers’ or biopolymers’ properties can control cell behavior such as proliferation, viability, creation of extracellular matrix or stem cell differentiation. There are a number of material properties influencing cell behavior, from bulk to surface. Currently, it is also in the interest of the scientific community to develop so-called smart materials, which can change their properties over time and respond mechanically to external stimuli, such as external electric or magnetic fields.

This Special Issue, entitled “Polymers and Biopolymers for Tissue Engineering”, is focused on fundamental and applied research on the polymer or biopolymer complex systems with a high potential for tissue engineering. We are inviting papers that also focus on polymers and biopolymers for 3D bioprinting, or on a basic understanding of the interaction between material properties and cell behavior.

Dr. Aleš Mráček
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Polymers is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • polymers for 3D bioprinting
  • hydrogels
  • polymer and biopolymer surfaces
  • smart biomaterials in tissue engineering
  • nonwovens for tissue engineering
  • surface modification of biopolymers

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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15 pages, 4440 KiB  
Article
The Injection Molding of Biodegradable Polydioxanone—A Study of the Dependence of the Structural and Mechanical Properties on Thermal Processing Conditions
by Jakub Erben, Katerina Blatonova, Tomas Kalous, Lukas Capek, Lubos Behalek, Martin Boruvka and Jiri Chvojka
Polymers 2022, 14(24), 5528; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14245528 - 16 Dec 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1676
Abstract
Recent years have observed a significant increase in the use of degradable materials in medicine due to their minimal impact on the patient and broad range of applicability. The biodegradable polymer Polydioxanone (PDO) provides a good example of the use of such one [...] Read more.
Recent years have observed a significant increase in the use of degradable materials in medicine due to their minimal impact on the patient and broad range of applicability. The biodegradable polymer Polydioxanone (PDO) provides a good example of the use of such one polymer that can represent the aforementioned medical materials in the field of medicine, due to its high level of biocompatibility and interesting mechanical properties. PDO is used to produce absorbable medical devices such as sutures and stents, and is also suitable for the fabrication of certain orthopedic implants. Polydioxanone can be processed using the injection molding method due to its thermoplastic nature; this method allows for the precise and easily-controllable production of medical materials without the need for toxic additives. A number of small commercial polymer implants have recently been introduced onto the market based on this processing method. It is important to note that, to date, no relevant information on the molding of PDO is available either for the scientific or the general public, and no study has been published that describes the potential of the injection molding of PDO. Hence, we present our research on the basic technological and material parameters that allow for the processing of PDO using the laboratory microinjection molding method. In addition to determining the basic parameters of the process, the research also focused on the study of the structural and mechanical properties of samples based on the thermal conditions during processing. A technological frame work was successfully determined for the processing of PDO via the microinjection molding approach that allows for the production of samples with the required homogeneity, shape stability and surface quality in a laboratory scale. The research revealed that PDO is a polymer with a major share of crystalline phases, and that it is sensitive to the annealing temperature profile in the mold, which has the potential to impact the final crystalline structure, the fracture morphology and the mechanical properties. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Polymers and Biopolymers for Tissue Engineering)
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12 pages, 4401 KiB  
Article
Synthesis and Characterization of PU/PLCL/CMCS Electrospun Scaffolds for Skin Tissue Engineering
by Xiang Gao, Meiling Wen, Yang Liu, Tian Hou, Bin Niu and Meiwen An
Polymers 2022, 14(22), 5029; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14225029 - 19 Nov 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1591
Abstract
As tissue regeneration material, electrospun fibers can mimic the microscale and nanoscale structure of the natural extracellular matrix (ECM), which provides a basis for cell growth and achieves organic integration with surrounding tissues. At present, the challenge for researchers is to develop a [...] Read more.
As tissue regeneration material, electrospun fibers can mimic the microscale and nanoscale structure of the natural extracellular matrix (ECM), which provides a basis for cell growth and achieves organic integration with surrounding tissues. At present, the challenge for researchers is to develop a bionic scaffold for the regeneration of the wound area. In this paper, polyurethane (PU) is a working basis for the subsequent construction of tissue-engineered skin. poly(L-lactide-co-caprolactone) (PLCL)/carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) composite fibers were prepared via electrospinning and cross-linked by glutaraldehyde. The effect of CMCS content on the surface morphology, mechanical properties, hydrophilicity, swelling degree, and cytocompatibility were explored, aiming to assess the possibility of composite scaffolds for tissue engineering applications. The results showed that randomly arranged electrospun fibers presented a smooth surface. All scaffolds exhibited sufficient tensile strength (5.30–5.60 MPa), Young’s modulus (2.62–4.29 MPa), and swelling degree for wound treatment. The addition of CMCS improved the hydrophilicity and cytocompatibility of the scaffolds. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Polymers and Biopolymers for Tissue Engineering)
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16 pages, 5391 KiB  
Article
Cross-Linked Gelatine by Modified Dextran as a Potential Bioink Prepared by a Simple and Non-Toxic Process
by Lenka Musilová, Eva Achbergerová, Lenka Vítková, Roman Kolařík, Martina Martínková, Antonín Minařík, Aleš Mráček, Petr Humpolíček and Jiří Pecha
Polymers 2022, 14(3), 391; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14030391 - 19 Jan 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2688
Abstract
Essential features of well-designed materials intended for 3D bioprinting via microextrusion are the appropriate rheological behavior and cell-friendly environment. Despite the rapid development, few materials are utilizable as bioinks. The aim of our work was to design a novel cytocompatible material facilitating extrusion-based [...] Read more.
Essential features of well-designed materials intended for 3D bioprinting via microextrusion are the appropriate rheological behavior and cell-friendly environment. Despite the rapid development, few materials are utilizable as bioinks. The aim of our work was to design a novel cytocompatible material facilitating extrusion-based 3D printing while maintaining a relatively simple and straightforward preparation process without the need for harsh chemicals or radiation. Specifically, hydrogels were prepared from gelatines coming from three sources—bovine, rabbit, and chicken—cross-linked by dextran polyaldehyde. The influence of dextran concentration on the properties of hydrogels was studied. Rheological measurements not only confirmed the strong shear-thinning behavior of prepared inks but were also used for capturing cross-linking reaction kinetics and demonstrated quick achievement of gelation point (in most cases < 3 min). Their viscoelastic properties allowed satisfactory extrusion, forming a self-supported multi-layered uniformly porous structure. All gelatin-based hydrogels were non-cytototoxic. Homogeneous cells distribution within the printed scaffold was confirmed by fluorescence confocal microscopy. In addition, no disruption of cells structure was observed. The results demonstrate the great potential of the presented hydrogels for applications related to 3D bioprinting. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Polymers and Biopolymers for Tissue Engineering)
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17 pages, 925 KiB  
Review
The Current Status, Prospects, and Challenges of Shape Memory Polymers Application in Bone Tissue Engineering
by Tingting Li, Liang Chen, Yu Yuan and Rengfei Shi
Polymers 2023, 15(3), 556; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15030556 - 21 Jan 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2431
Abstract
Bone defects can occur after severe trauma, infection, or bone tumor resection surgery, which requires grafting to repair the defect when it reaches a critical size, as the bone’s self-healing ability is insufficient to complete the bone repair. Natural bone grafts or artificial [...] Read more.
Bone defects can occur after severe trauma, infection, or bone tumor resection surgery, which requires grafting to repair the defect when it reaches a critical size, as the bone’s self-healing ability is insufficient to complete the bone repair. Natural bone grafts or artificial bone grafts, such as bioceramics, are currently used in bone tissue engineering, but the low availability of bone and high cost limit these treatments. Therefore, shape memory polymers (SMPs), which combine biocompatibility, biodegradability, mechanical properties, shape tunability, ease of access, and minimally invasive implantation, have received attention in bone tissue engineering in recent years. Here, we reviewed the various excellent properties of SMPs and their contribution to bone formation in experiments at the cellular and animal levels, respectively, especially for the repair of defects in craniomaxillofacial (CMF) and limb bones, to provide new ideas for the application of these new SMPs in bone tissue engineering. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Polymers and Biopolymers for Tissue Engineering)
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