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Polymers
Special Issues
Polymer Composites for Water Treatment
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Polymer Composites for Water Treatment

A special issue of Polymers (ISSN 2073-4360). This special issue belongs to the section "Smart and Functional Polymers".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (25 June 2023) | Viewed by 7537

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Irshad Kammakakam

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Division of Physical Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia
Interests: polymer synthesis; membranes; polymer cross-linking; ionic liquids; gas separation; separation; water filtration; nanofiber membranes; interfacial thin film polymerization
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Mostafa Khodakarami

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, 9211-116 Street NW, Edmonton, AB T6G 1H9, Canada
Interests: polymer composites; nanomaterials; separation technologies; water treatment

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues, 

Developing highly efficient separation and purification technologies for the removal of contaminants from water and wastewater is crucial due to the aggravated water crises. In pursuit of highly efficient water treatment systems, studies on the design and application of advanced functional materials are necessary due to the limitations of available water treatment systems and increasing demands for clean water. Research pertaining to polymer composites has gained considerable attention in recent years, owing to the opportunities that they can provide for a variety of water treatment technologies. An increasing variety of polymer composites are being investigated for the removal of contaminants and particulate matters in physical, chemical, and biological water treatment processes. The focus of this Special Issue is on synthesis, development, and application of polymer composites for water treatment, covering different processes, technologies, water sources, and issues encountered in different water remediation systems. High-quality original research and review manuscripts are welcome for submission.

The topics may include the application of polymer composites for water treatment on the following areas:

  • Membrane separation
  • Adsorption technologies
  • Ion exchange technologies
  • Membrane bioreactors
  • Thin films
  • Hollow fiber membranes
  • MOF/COF Mixed Matrix Membranes
  • Filtration
  • Flocculation, coagulation, and sedimentation
  • Simulation methods
  • Oxidation processes
  • Water desalination
  • Industrial wastewater recycling
  • Municipal wastewater treatment
  • Treatment of biological wastewaters
  • Oily water treatment
  • Extraction of energy and value-added products from wastewater
  • Removal of dyes and organic pollutants
  • Removals of heavy metals
  • Removal of particulate matters
  • Mechanism of water purification by polymer composites
  • Development of synthesis and preparation techniques of polymer composites
  • Life cycle assessment of polymer composites used for water treatment
  • Economic analysis of using polymer composites for water treatment in large scale

Dr. Irshad Kammakakam
Dr. Mostafa Khodakarami
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Polymers is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • water crisis
  • wastewater
  • water management
  • water treatment
  • desalination
  • polymer composites
  • membranes
  • adsorption
  • ion exchange
  • recovery of value-added products

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

13 pages, 2950 KiB  
Article
Use of Opuntia ficus-indica Fruit Peel as a Novel Source of Mucilage with Coagulant Physicochemical/Molecular Characteristics
by Maria Carolina Otálora, Andrea Wilches-Torres, Carlos Rafael Lara, Gabriel Ricardo Cifuentes and Jovanny A. Gómez Castaño
Polymers 2022, 14(18), 3832; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14183832 - 14 Sep 2022
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 2785
Abstract
The peels obtained as a byproduct from the processing of fruits (prickly pears) of the Cactaceae family are a rich source of mucilage, a hydrocolloid biopolymer that may have potential application in water/wastewater treatment as a natural coagulant. In this study, the structural [...] Read more.
The peels obtained as a byproduct from the processing of fruits (prickly pears) of the Cactaceae family are a rich source of mucilage, a hydrocolloid biopolymer that may have potential application in water/wastewater treatment as a natural coagulant. In this study, the structural (UPLC-QTOF-MS, FTIR, Raman, NMR, XRD, and zeta potential), morphological (SEM), and thermal (DSC/TGA) characterizations of the mucilage extracted from the peels of Opuntia ficus-indica (OFI) fruits were carried out. UPLC-QTOF-MS results revealed the presence of a branched polymer with an average molecular weight of 0.44 KDa for this mucilage in aqua media. The NMR spectra of mucilage in DMSO-d6 indicated that it seemed well-suited as a coagulant with its typical oligosaccharide structure. FTIR studies confirmed the presence of hydroxyl and carboxyl functional groups in the mucilage, indicating its polyelectrolyte nature that could provide coagulating properties through binding and adsorption mechanisms. Likewise, the zeta potential of −23.63 ± 0.55 mV showed an anionic nature of the mucilage. Power XRD technique evidenced the presence of crystalline poly(glycine-β-alanine), glutamic acid, and syn-whewellite. SEM images revealed an irregular and amorphous morphology with cracks, which are suitable characteristics for adsorption mechanisms. The mucilage exhibited two endothermic transitions, with a decomposition temperature in uronic acid of 423.10 °C. These findings revealed that mucilage obtained from OFI fruit peels has molecular and physicochemical characteristics that are suited to its possible application as a natural coagulant in water/wastewater treatments. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Polymer Composites for Water Treatment)
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12 pages, 4986 KiB  
Article
Permeation Characteristics of CH4 in PVDF with Crude Oil-Containing
by Xuemin Zhang, Huifang Chu, Houbu Li, Guoquan Qi, Jinmao Feng, Xiong Gao and Wenhui Yang
Polymers 2022, 14(13), 2723; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14132723 - 03 Jul 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1381
Abstract
The liner of reinforced thermoplastic composite pipes (RTPs) used for oil and gas gathering and transportation experienced blister failure due to gas permeation. Few reports have appeared on the problem of gas permeation in thermoplastics with absorbed crude oil. Accordingly, the permeability of [...] Read more.
The liner of reinforced thermoplastic composite pipes (RTPs) used for oil and gas gathering and transportation experienced blister failure due to gas permeation. Few reports have appeared on the problem of gas permeation in thermoplastics with absorbed crude oil. Accordingly, the permeability of CH4 in polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) containing crude oil was studied at the normal service conditions by molecular simulations. The results showed that the solubility coefficients of CH4 in PVDF containing crude oil were much lower than those in pure PVDF. It can be concluded that the crude oil molecules absorbed into PVDF occupied certain adsorption sites, resulting in a decrease in the adsorption capacity of CH4 molecules in PVDF. The diffusion coefficients of CH4 in oil-containing PVDF were significantly greater than in PVDF. This is because the absorption of oil molecules leads to the volume swelling of PVDF and then increases the free volume for diffusion. The permeation process showed that CH4 molecules were selective-aggregate adsorbed in the region with low potential energy in oil-containing PVDF firstly, and then they vibrated within the holes of PVDF containing oil in most cases and jumped into the neighboring holes at high temperatures and pressures. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Polymer Composites for Water Treatment)
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21 pages, 4295 KiB  
Article
Synthesis of a New Chelating Iminophosphorane Derivative (Phosphazene) for U(VI) Recovery
by Bahig M. Atia, Ahmed K. Sakr, Mohamed A. Gado, Hassan S. El-Gendy, Nagwa M. Abdelazeem, Enass M. El-Sheikh, Mohamed Y. Hanfi, M. I. Sayyed, Jamelah S. Al-Otaibi and Mohamed F. Cheira
Polymers 2022, 14(9), 1687; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14091687 - 21 Apr 2022
Cited by 16 | Viewed by 2288
Abstract
A new synthetic chelating N–hydroxy–N–trioctyl iminophosphorane (HTIP) was prepared through the reaction of trioctylphosphine oxide (TOPO) with N–hydroxylamine hydrochloride in the presence of a Lewis acid (AlCl3). Specifications for the HTIP chelating ligand were successfully determined using many analytical techniques, 13 [...] Read more.
A new synthetic chelating N–hydroxy–N–trioctyl iminophosphorane (HTIP) was prepared through the reaction of trioctylphosphine oxide (TOPO) with N–hydroxylamine hydrochloride in the presence of a Lewis acid (AlCl3). Specifications for the HTIP chelating ligand were successfully determined using many analytical techniques, 13C–NMR, 1H–NMR, FTIR, EDX, and GC–MS analyses, which assured a reasonable synthesis of the HTIP ligand. The ability of HTIP to retain U(VI) ions was investigated. The optimum experimental factors, pH value, experimental time, initial U(VI) ion concentration, HTIP dosage, ambient temperature, and eluents, were attained with solvent extraction techniques. The utmost retention capacity of HTIP/CHCl3 was 247.5 mg/g; it was achieved at pH = 3.0, 25 °C, with 30 min of shaking and 0.99 × 10−3 mol/L. From the stoichiometric calculations, approximately 1.5 hydrogen atoms are released during the extraction at pH 3.0, and 4.0 moles of HTIP ligand were responsible for chelation of one mole of uranyl ions. According to kinetic studies, the pseudo–first order model accurately predicted the kinetics of U(VI) extraction by HTIP ligand with a retention power of 245.47 mg/g. The thermodynamic parameters ΔS°, ΔH°, and ΔG° were also calculated; the extraction process was predicted as an exothermic, spontaneous, and advantageous extraction at low temperatures. As the temperature increased, the value of ∆G° increased. The elution of uranium ions from the loaded HTIP/CHCl3 was achieved using 2.0 mol of H2SO4 with a 99.0% efficiency rate. Finally, the extended variables were used to obtain a uranium concentrate (Na2U2O7, Y.C) with a uranium grade of 69.93% and purity of 93.24%. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Polymer Composites for Water Treatment)
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