Genetic Improvement of Vegetables for Yield, Quality, and Resistance to Diseases

A special issue of Plants (ISSN 2223-7747). This special issue belongs to the section "Plant Genetics, Genomics and Biotechnology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 August 2021) | Viewed by 4050

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Instituto de Conservación y Mejora de la Agrodiversidad Valenciana (COMAV), Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain
Interests: plant breeding; organic farming; quality traits; adaptation to climate change; flavor and aroma improvement; vegetables; hybridization; gene expression; traditional varieties; germplasm characterization and use
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Dear Colleagues,

In this Special Issue, a wide scope of works aimed at plant breeding and genetic improvement of vegetables or neglected or new species with vegetable use (e.g., wild rocket, low domesticated species) are welcomed. Some of the kind of works which may fit this special issue are: i) improvement of yield per se, as well as breeding for the adaptation of plant populations and varieties to abiotic stresses (e.g., saline conditions, drought, soil toxicity, high or low temperatures, light) and low-input conditions (e.g., low fertilizer use, organic farming, agroforestry) to achieve good yields, including root-and-soil interaction to improve the performance of the aerial part, ii) search for sources of resistance or tolerance to any pathogen affecting vegetables (e.g., pests, fungi, bacteria, viruses) and strategies for genetic improvement, iii) genetic improvement and germplasm characterization of quality traits, i.e., antioxidants, vitamins, carotenoids, taste-related traits (e.g., sugars, acids, tanins), flavor/aroma-related traits (e.g., capsaicinoids, isothiocyanates, volatiles), programs supported on panel tests, etc., iv) applied breeding programs, and v) participatory activities and experiments (i.e., scientists, technicians, consumers, retailers) for any of the aforementioned issues.

Prof. Dr. Adrián Rodríguez-Burruezo
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • productivity
  • fruit composition
  • flavor
  • abiotic stress
  • diseases
  • breeding
  • genetics

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

18 pages, 1256 KiB  
Article
Genetic Variability and Population Structure of Ethiopian Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) Germplasm Assessed through Phenotypic Traits and Simple Sequence Repeats Markers
by Desawi Hdru Teklu, Hussein Shimelis, Abush Tesfaye, Jacob Mashilo, Xiurong Zhang, Yanxin Zhang, Komivi Dossa and Admire Isaac Tichafa Shayanowako
Plants 2021, 10(6), 1129; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10061129 - 02 Jun 2021
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 3373
Abstract
Ethiopia is one of the centers of genetic diversity of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.). The sesame genetic resources present in the country should be explored for local, regional, and international genetic improvement programs to design high-performing and market-preferred varieties. This study’s objective [...] Read more.
Ethiopia is one of the centers of genetic diversity of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.). The sesame genetic resources present in the country should be explored for local, regional, and international genetic improvement programs to design high-performing and market-preferred varieties. This study’s objective was to determine the extent of genetic variation among 100 diverse cultivated sesame germplasm collections of Ethiopia using phenotypic traits and simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers to select distinct and complementary genotypes for breeding. One hundred sesame entries were field evaluated at two locations in Ethiopia for agro-morphological traits and seed oil content using a 10 × 10 lattice design with two replications. Test genotypes were profiled using 27 polymorphic SSR markers at the Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences. Analysis of variance revealed significant (p ≤ 0.05) entry by environment interaction for plant height, internode length, number of secondary branches, and grain yield. Genotypes such as Hirhir Kebabo Hairless-9, Setit-3, Orofalc ACC-2, Hirhir Humera Sel-6, ABX = 2-01-2, and Setit-1 recorded grain yield of >0.73 ton ha−1 with excellent performance in yield component such as oil yield per hectare. Grain yield had positive and significant (p < 0.01) associations with oil yield (r = 0.99), useful for simultaneous selection for yield improvement in sesame. The SSR markers revealed gene diversity and polymorphic information content values of 0.30 and 0.25, respectively, showing that the tested sesame accessions were genetically diverse. Cluster analysis resolved the accessions into two groups, while population structure analysis revealed four major heterotic groups, thus enabling selection and subsequent crossing to develop breeding populations for cultivar development. Based on phenotypic and genomic divergence, the following superior and complementary genotypes: Hirhir Humera Sel-6, Setit-3, Hirhir Kebabo Hairless Sel-4, Hirhir Nigara 1st Sel-1, Humera-1 and Hirhir Kebabo Early Sel-1 (from cluster II-a), Hirhir kebabo hairless-9, NN-0029(2), NN0068-2 and Bawnji Fiyel Kolet, (from cluster II-b). The selected genotypes will serve as parents in the local breeding program in Ethiopia. Full article
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