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Advancement of Ornamental Flowering Plants
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Advancement of Ornamental Flowering Plants

A special issue of Plants (ISSN 2223-7747). This special issue belongs to the section "Horticultural Science and Ornamental Plants".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2022) | Viewed by 13584

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Geung-Joo Lee

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Horticulture, Chungnam National Univesity, Daejeon 34134, Korea
Interests: molecular breeding; plant reproduction; genome editing; tissue culture; transcriptome analysis; gene regulators; epigentics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Chang Kil Kim

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Horticulture, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
Interests: plant flower color modification; genetic transformation; genome editing; mutagenesis; postharvest physiology; tissue culture; plant stress physiology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Production of floricultural crops has been steadily increasing globally due to the increases in demand and market value, which are particularly prevalent in many developing countries. This has resulted in the global floricultural industry becoming a multi-billion-dollar industry. However, despite the increase in global flower production, market competitions at both the global and local scales still give rise to various challenges. As customers and growers pay particular attention to flower color, size, shape, quality, and longevity, flowers with these novel characteristics will better drive the market competition. Moreover, growers have been demanding flower crops that are resistant to abiotic/biotic stresses in order to reduce yield loss due to the stresses. Recently, many researchers have been creating novel flower cultivars using various technologies to facilitate the needs of customers and growers as well as for advancement of plant biology and the floricultural industry. The Special Issue invites the manuscripts that are related to the development of novel flower cultivars using mutagenesis, conventional breeding, genome editing, and genetic transformation technologies, etc.

Prof. Dr. Geung-Joo Lee
Dr. Chang Kil Kim
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Plants is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • conventional breeding
  • flowers (color, size, shape, and longevity)
  • genetic transformation
  • genome editing
  • mutagenesis
  • biotic/abiotic stress tolerance

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

19 pages, 3763 KiB  
Article
Functional Divergence Analysis of AGL6 Genes in Prunus mume
by Lei Wang, Jinhai Song, Xu Han, Yunyan Yu, Qikui Wu, Shuai Qi and Zongda Xu
Plants 2023, 12(1), 158; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12010158 - 29 Dec 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1382
Abstract
The AGAMOUS-LIKE6 (AGL6) lineage is an important clade of MADS-box transcription factors that play essential roles in floral organ development. The genome of Prunus mume contains two homoeologous AGL6 genes that are replicated as gene fragments. In this study, two AGL6 homologs, PmAGL6-1 [...] Read more.
The AGAMOUS-LIKE6 (AGL6) lineage is an important clade of MADS-box transcription factors that play essential roles in floral organ development. The genome of Prunus mume contains two homoeologous AGL6 genes that are replicated as gene fragments. In this study, two AGL6 homologs, PmAGL6-1 and PmAGL6-2, were cloned from P. mume and then functionally characterized. Sequence alignment and phylogenetic analyses grouped both genes into the AGL6 lineage. The expression patterns and protein–protein interaction patterns showed significant differences between the two genes. However, the ectopic expression of the two genes in Arabidopsis thaliana resulted in similar phenotypes, including the promotion of flowering, alteration of floral organ structure, participation in the formation of the floral meristem and promotion of pod bending. Therefore, gene duplication has led to some functional divergence of PmAGL6-1 and PmAGL6-2 but their functions are similar. We thus speculated that AGL6 genes play a crucial role in flower development in P. mume. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advancement of Ornamental Flowering Plants)
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27 pages, 4088 KiB  
Article
Ethyl Methane Sulfonate and Sodium Azide-Mediated Chemical and X-ray-Mediated Physical Mutagenesis Positively Regulate Peroxidase 1 Gene Activity and Biosynthesis of Antineoplastic Vinblastine in Catharanthus roseus
by Vyoma Mistry, Pragya Tiwari, Paresh Patel, Gajendra Singh Vishwakarma, Geung-Joo Lee and Abhishek Sharma
Plants 2022, 11(21), 2885; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11212885 - 28 Oct 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2148
Abstract
Catharanthus roseus synthesizes bioactive therapeutic metabolites, known as monoterpenoid indole alkaloids (MIAs), including antineoplastic vinblastine and vincristine, which have high global demand, and antihypertensive ajmalicine, a serpentine. However, the in planta biosynthesis and accumulation of these phytopharmaceuticals are very low, attributed to their [...] Read more.
Catharanthus roseus synthesizes bioactive therapeutic metabolites, known as monoterpenoid indole alkaloids (MIAs), including antineoplastic vinblastine and vincristine, which have high global demand, and antihypertensive ajmalicine, a serpentine. However, the in planta biosynthesis and accumulation of these phytopharmaceuticals are very low, attributed to their high cytotoxicity in the plant. Considering the low in planta concentration and over-harvesting of plant resources, biotechnological interventions have been undertaken to enhance the production of MIAs in plant systems. The present study was carried out to mutation through chemical and physical mutagenesis with sodium azide, ethyl methane sulfonate and X-rays, respectively, on C. roseus to determine their possible effects on the transcriptional modulation of MIA biosynthetic pathways in planta. The chemical mutagenesis resulted in delayed seed pod development in mutated C. roseus plants, with distinct leaf morphology and flower color. However, X-ray mutagenesis resulted in pollen-less sterile flowers. An HPLC analysis confirmed the higher catharanthine, vindoline and vinblastine content in sodium azide and X-ray mutants, and was further supported by higher PRX1 transcript levels estimated through real-time PCR analysis. The transcription factors WRKY1 and ORCA2 were found negatively regulated along with major MIA pathway genes in chemical mutants and their M1 generation, but showed positive regulation in X-ray M0 mutants. The induced mutagenesis of C. roseus provides a prospective strategy to modulate plant transcriptomes and enhance the biosynthesis of pharmaceutically important antineoplastic vinblastine in the plant. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advancement of Ornamental Flowering Plants)
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14 pages, 1753 KiB  
Article
Melatonin Preserves the Postharvest Quality of Cut Roses through Enhancing the Antioxidant System
by Ragia M. Mazrou, Sabry Hassan, Mei Yang and Fahmy A.S. Hassan
Plants 2022, 11(20), 2713; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11202713 - 14 Oct 2022
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 2321
Abstract
The vase life of cut rose is relatively short, therefore; preserving its postharvest quality via eco-friendly approaches is of particular economic importance. From the previous literature, despite melatonin (MT) plays diverse important roles in the postharvest quality maintenance, its impact on preserving the [...] Read more.
The vase life of cut rose is relatively short, therefore; preserving its postharvest quality via eco-friendly approaches is of particular economic importance. From the previous literature, despite melatonin (MT) plays diverse important roles in the postharvest quality maintenance, its impact on preserving the postharvest quality of cut flowers is really scarce. This research therefore was undertaken to find out the possibility of exogenous MT as an eco-friendly preservative to extend the vase life of cut roses. The flowering stems of Rosa hybrida cv. ‘First Red’ were pulsed in MT solutions at 0, 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 mM for 30 min and then transferred to distilled water for evaluation. The vase life was significantly prolonged and relative water content was considerably maintained due to MT application compared to the control, more so with 0.2 mM concentration which nearly doubled the vase life (1.9-fold) higher than the control. SEM investigation showed that MT treatment reduced the stomatal aperture in lower epidermis which was widely opened in control flowers. MT treatment significantly increased the phenol content, glutathione (GSH) content and CAT, APX and GR enzyme activities compared to untreated flowers. Additionally, the radical scavenging capacity in MT-treated flowers was considerably higher than that of control and therefore MT treatment reduced H2O2 production and lipid peroxidation, which altogether reflected in membrane stability maintenance. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advancement of Ornamental Flowering Plants)
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9 pages, 1285 KiB  
Communication
Optimization of an Efficient Protoplast Transformation System for Transient Expression Analysis Using Leaves of Torenia fournieri
by Ling Zhang, Wai-Shing Yung, Zhili Wang, Man-Wah Li and Mingkun Huang
Plants 2022, 11(16), 2106; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11162106 - 12 Aug 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2107
Abstract
Torenia fournieri (T. fournieri) is one of the most widely used horticultural flowers and is considered a potential model plant for the genetic investigation of ornamental traits. In this study, we optimized an efficient protocol for high efficiency preparation and transformation [...] Read more.
Torenia fournieri (T. fournieri) is one of the most widely used horticultural flowers and is considered a potential model plant for the genetic investigation of ornamental traits. In this study, we optimized an efficient protocol for high efficiency preparation and transformation of T. fournieri protoplast. The transformation rate reached ~75% when a 35S:GFP construct was used for the transformation. Using this system, we characterized the subcellular localization of several TEOSINTE BRANCHED1/CYCLOIDEA/PROLIFERATING CELL FACTOR (TCP) transcription factors (TFs), and found a distinct localization pattern between the CIN and CYC classes of TCP TFs. Furthermore, we also demonstrated the feasibility of the expression of dual luciferase assay system in T. fournieri protoplasts for the measurement of the activity of cis-regulatory elements. Taken together, a well-optimized transient expression system in T. fournieri protoplasts would be crucial for rapid exploration of the gene function or cis-regulatory elements. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advancement of Ornamental Flowering Plants)
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12 pages, 2127 KiB  
Article
Genetic and Morphological Diversity Assessment of Five Kalanchoe Genotypes by SCoT, ISSR and RAPD-PCR Markers
by Jameel M. Al-Khayri, Ehab M. B. Mahdy, Heba S. A. Taha, Ahmed S. Eldomiaty, Mohamed A. Abd-Elfattah, Arafat Abdel Hamed Abdel Latef, Adel A. Rezk, Wael F. Shehata, Mustafa I. Almaghasla, Tarek A. Shalaby, Muhammad N. Sattar, Hesham S. Ghazzawy, Mohamed F. Awad, Khalid M. Alali, Shri Mohan Jain and Abdallah A. Hassanin
Plants 2022, 11(13), 1722; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11131722 - 29 Jun 2022
Cited by 29 | Viewed by 4345
Abstract
Determining the appropriate parents for breeding programs is the most important decision that plant breeders must make to maximize the genetic variability and produce excellent recombinant genotypes. Several methods are used to identify genotypes with desirable phenotypic features for breeding experiments. In this [...] Read more.
Determining the appropriate parents for breeding programs is the most important decision that plant breeders must make to maximize the genetic variability and produce excellent recombinant genotypes. Several methods are used to identify genotypes with desirable phenotypic features for breeding experiments. In this study, five kalanchoe genotypes were morphologically characterized by assessing plant height, number of inflorescences, number of flowers, flower length, flower diameter and number of petals. The analysis showed the distinction of yellow kalanchoe in the plant height trait, while the orange kalanchoe was distinguished in the number of inflorescences, the number of flowers and flower length traits, whereas the violet kalanchoe possessed the largest flower diameter and the highest number of petals. The molecular profiling was performed by random amplified polymorphism DNA (RAPD), inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSR) and start codon targeted (SCoT)-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tools. Genomic DNA was extracted from young leaves and the PCR reactions were performed using ten primers for each SCoT, ISSR and RAPD marker. Only four out of ten primers showed amplicon profiles in all PCR markers. A total of 70 bands were generated by SCoT, ISSR and RAPD-PCR with 35 polymorphic bands and 35 monomorphic bands. The total number of bands of RAPD, ISSR and SCoT was 15, 17 and 38, respectively. The polymorphism percentages achieved by RAPD, ISSR and SCoT were 60.25%, 15% and 57%, respectively. The cluster analysis based on morphological data revealed two clusters. Cluster I consisted of violet and orange kalanchoe, and cluster II comprised red, yellow and purple kalanchoe. Whereas the cluster analysis based on molecular data revealed three clusters. Cluster I included only yellow kalanchoe, cluster II comprised orange and violet kalanchoe while cluster III comprised red, and purple kalanchoe. The study concluded that orange, violet and yellow kalanchoe are distinguished parents for breeding economically valued traits in kalanchoe. Also, the study concluded that SCoT and RAPD markers reproduced reliable banding patterns to assess the genetic polymorphism among kalanchoe genotypes that consider the basis stone for genetic improvements in ornamental plants. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advancement of Ornamental Flowering Plants)
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