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Plants
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Drought and Desiccation Tolerance in Plants
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Drought and Desiccation Tolerance in Plants

A special issue of Plants (ISSN 2223-7747). This special issue belongs to the section "Plant Physiology and Metabolism".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 August 2021) | Viewed by 12910

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Cara Griffiths

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Plant Sciences, Rothamsted Research, West Common, Harpenden AL52JQ, UK
Interests: desiccation tolerance; drought; crop science; sugar signalling
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Desiccation-tolerant plants are a fascinating group of species able to tolerate extreme drought, enter a seed-like state of suspended animation and fully recover after rainfall. Learning more about the molecular mechanisms underpinning the desiccation-tolerant traits of these plants is a valuable addition to the broad area of abiotic stress tolerance, particularly in the changing global climate. Much remains to be discovered in desiccation-tolerant plants, and with an increasing number of scientists studying these incredible species, we will be able to expand our evolutionary, molecular, biochemical and physiological understanding of desiccation-tolerance processes. Now, more than ever, we need to understand how these plants are able to withstand such extreme conditions, and how we can exploit these traits to secure future food production. This Special Issue of Plants will highlight these spectacular plants and uncover novel aspects in their ability to survive extreme environmental conditions.

Dr. Cara Griffiths
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Plants is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • desiccation tolerance
  • drought stress

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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29 pages, 1609 KiB  
Article
Water Deficit Stress Tolerance Potential of Newly Developed Wheat Genotypes for Better Yield Based on Agronomic Traits and Stress Tolerance Indices: Physio-Biochemical Responses, Lipid Peroxidation and Antioxidative Defense Mechanism
by Sumreena Shahid, Qasim Ali, Shafaqat Ali, Fahad A. Al-Misned and Saliha Maqbool
Plants 2022, 11(3), 466; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11030466 - 08 Feb 2022
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2560
Abstract
Changing environmental conditions, fresh water shortages for irrigation and the rapid increase in world population have created the problems of food insecurity and malnutrition. Different strategies, including the development of water stress-tolerant, high-yielding genotypes through breeding are used to fulfil the world food [...] Read more.
Changing environmental conditions, fresh water shortages for irrigation and the rapid increase in world population have created the problems of food insecurity and malnutrition. Different strategies, including the development of water stress-tolerant, high-yielding genotypes through breeding are used to fulfil the world food demand. The present study was conducted for the selection of high-yielding, drought-tolerant wheat genotypes, considering different morpho-physio-biochemical, agronomic and yield attributes in relation to the stress tolerance indices (STI). The experiment was carried out in field in a split-plot arrangement. Water deficit stress was maintained based on the number of irrigations. All genotypes showed a differential decreasing trend in different agronomic traits. However, the increasing or decreasing trend in leaf photosynthetic pigments, non-enzymatic and enzymatic antioxidants under limited water supply also found to be genotype-specific. Genotypes MP1, MP3, MP5, MP8 and MP10 performed better regarding the yield performance under water deficit stress, which was associated with their better maintenance of water relations, photosynthetic pigments and antioxidative defense mechanisms. In conclusion, the physio-biochemical mechanisms should also be considered as the part of breeding programs for the selection of stress-tolerant genotypes, along with agronomic traits, in wheat. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Drought and Desiccation Tolerance in Plants)
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31 pages, 9309 KiB  
Article
Fertigation with Zn-Lysine Confers Better Photosynthetic Efficiency and Yield in Water Stressed Maize: Water Relations, Antioxidative Defense Mechanism and Nutrient Acquisition
by Faisal Shehzad, Qasim Ali, Shafaqat Ali, Fahad A. Al-Misned and Saliha Maqbool
Plants 2022, 11(3), 404; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11030404 - 01 Feb 2022
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2470
Abstract
Different strategies including the exogenous use of micronutrient-chelated amino acids are being employed for better crop yield with limited fresh water for irrigation. The present study was conducted to assess the effects of foliar-applied Zn-lysine (Zn-Lys) on maize growth and yield under limited [...] Read more.
Different strategies including the exogenous use of micronutrient-chelated amino acids are being employed for better crop yield with limited fresh water for irrigation. The present study was conducted to assess the effects of foliar-applied Zn-lysine (Zn-Lys) on maize growth and yield under limited irrigation, in relation to physio-biochemical mechanisms such as the plant–water relations, photosynthetic efficiency, antioxidant defense mechanism, amino acid accumulation and nutrient acquisition. The experiment comprised two maize cultivars (MMRI and Pearl), two irrigation levels and three levels of Zn-Lys (0.25, 0.5 and 0.75%). Zn-Lys fertigation was found to be effective in reducing the negative impacts of limited water supply on grain yield, associated with improved photosynthetic efficiency, water relations, antioxidative defense mechanism and reduced lipid peroxidation in both maize cultivars. Zn-Lys-induced improvement in antioxidative mechanisms was associated with improved content of non-enzymatic antioxidants and activities of antioxidant enzymes. Foliar-fertigation with Zn-Lys also significantly improved the contents of various amino acids including Lys, as well as uptake of nutrients in both maize cultivars. In conclusion, the 0.5% level of Zn-Lys was found to be effective in ameliorating the negative impacts of water stress for better grain yield in both maize cultivars that can also be used as an important environment-friendly source of Zn to fulfill maize Zn deficiency. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Drought and Desiccation Tolerance in Plants)
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15 pages, 1384 KiB  
Article
First Report of Sesame Mutants Tolerant to Severe Drought Stress during Germination and Early Seedling Growth Stages
by Mohamed Kouighat, Hafida Hanine, Mohamed El Fechtali and Abdelghani Nabloussi
Plants 2021, 10(6), 1166; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10061166 - 08 Jun 2021
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 3477
Abstract
In the context of climate change and water scarcity, there is a need to develop and use drought-tolerant sesame cultivars. This study was conducted to evaluate the response of 13 sesame genotypes, including 11 mutants and their wild-types, to drought during germination and [...] Read more.
In the context of climate change and water scarcity, there is a need to develop and use drought-tolerant sesame cultivars. This study was conducted to evaluate the response of 13 sesame genotypes, including 11 mutants and their wild-types, to drought during germination and early seedling growth. Moderate and severe drought stress was simulated by applying polyethylene glycol (PEG) at two osmotic potentials, −0.6 MPa and −1.2 MPa, respectively, on seeds of two successive mutant generations, M2 and M3. The parameters measured or calculated were germination percentage (GP), germination rate (GR), mean germination time (MGT), root length (RL), shoot length (SL), root to shoot ratio (RSR), and the seedling vigor index (SVI). Results showed the significant effect of genotype, drought, and drought × genotype interaction on all parameters investigated. Under severe drought, seeds of seven genotypes, including wild types, were not able to germinate. There was a drastic decline of all parameters for the rest, except MGT and RSR, which markedly increased. Interestingly, two mutants, “ML2-5” and “ML2-10”, were identified as the most tolerant to severe drought and the most stable over both generations. The present work is the first report of sesame germplasm with such a high level of tolerance to drought during germination and early seedling growth stages. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Drought and Desiccation Tolerance in Plants)
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Review

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17 pages, 1919 KiB  
Review
Two Decades of Desiccation Biology: A Systematic Review of the Best Studied Angiosperm Resurrection Plants
by Shandry M. Tebele, Rose A. Marks and Jill M. Farrant
Plants 2021, 10(12), 2784; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10122784 - 16 Dec 2021
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 3210
Abstract
Resurrection plants have an extraordinary ability to survive extreme water loss but still revive full metabolic activity when rehydrated. These plants are useful models to understand the complex biology of vegetative desiccation tolerance. Despite extensive studies of resurrection plants, many details underlying the [...] Read more.
Resurrection plants have an extraordinary ability to survive extreme water loss but still revive full metabolic activity when rehydrated. These plants are useful models to understand the complex biology of vegetative desiccation tolerance. Despite extensive studies of resurrection plants, many details underlying the mechanisms of desiccation tolerance remain unexplored. To summarize the progress in resurrection plant research and identify unexplored questions, we conducted a systematic review of 15 model angiosperm resurrection plants. This systematic review provides an overview of publication trends on resurrection plants, the geographical distribution of species and studies, and the methodology used. Using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta–Analyses protocol we surveyed all publications on resurrection plants from 2000 and 2020. This yielded 185 empirical articles that matched our selection criteria. The most investigated plants were Craterostigma plantagineum (17.5%), Haberlea rhodopensis (13.7%), Xerophyta viscosa (reclassified as X. schlechteri) (11.9%), Myrothamnus flabellifolia (8.5%), and Boea hygrometrica (8.1%), with all other species accounting for less than 8% of publications. The majority of studies have been conducted in South Africa, Bulgaria, Germany, and China, but there are contributions from across the globe. Most studies were led by researchers working within the native range of the focal species, but some international and collaborative studies were also identified. The number of annual publications fluctuated, with a large but temporary increase in 2008. Many studies have employed physiological and transcriptomic methodologies to investigate the leaves of resurrection plants, but there was a paucity of studies on roots and only one metagenomic study was recovered. Based on these findings we suggest that future research focuses on resurrection plant roots and microbiome interactions to explore microbial communities associated with these plants, and their role in vegetative desiccation tolerance. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Drought and Desiccation Tolerance in Plants)
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