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Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Influences on Plant Growth Regulation
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Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Influences on Plant Growth Regulation

A special issue of Plants (ISSN 2223-7747). This special issue belongs to the section "Plant Nutrition".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2023) | Viewed by 10826

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Ryan Busby

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Construction Engineering Research Laboratory, 2902 Newmark Drive, Champaign, IL 68126, USA
Interests: arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi; rhizosphere biology and ecology; plant succession; phytoremediation
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Christopher CM Baker

E-Mail Website
Co-Guest Editor
U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, Hanover, NH, USA
Interests: understanding the drivers of biodiversity; species interactions

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi are highly beneficial plant symbionts, associating with many plant species worldwide. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi interact directly with plant roots, providing increased access to soil nutrients and water, excluding harmful soil constituents, reducing pathogen infection, and providing increased resistance to other stressors. These benefits further influence processes occurring throughout the entire plant, including growth, nutrient acquisition, gas exchange, and stress tolerance. However, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi can also function as parasites on certain plant species and under certain environmental conditions, having negative impacts on plant growth. This Special Issue seeks to publish research associated with the relationship between plants and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi that influence any aspect of plant growth regulation. Topics may include morphological, physiological, biochemical, and molecular biology aspects of plant growth regulation as they relate to changes induced by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

Dr. Ryan Busby
Dr. Christopher CM Baker
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Plants is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi
  • plant growth regulation
  • stress tolerance
  • nutrient uptake
  • plant reproduction

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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24 pages, 2920 KiB  
Article
Arbuscular Mycorrhizae Alter Photosynthetic Responses to Drought in Seedlings of Artemisia tridentata
by Mathew Geisler, Sven Buerki and Marcelo D. Serpe
Plants 2023, 12(16), 2990; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12162990 - 19 Aug 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 976
Abstract
The establishment of Artemisia tridentata, a keystone species of the sagebrush steppe, is often limited by summer drought. Symbioses with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can help plants to cope with drought. We investigated this possible effect on A. tridentata seedlings inoculated with [...] Read more.
The establishment of Artemisia tridentata, a keystone species of the sagebrush steppe, is often limited by summer drought. Symbioses with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can help plants to cope with drought. We investigated this possible effect on A. tridentata seedlings inoculated with native AMF and exposed to drought in greenhouse and field settings. In greenhouse experiments, AMF colonization increased intrinsic water use efficiency under water stress and delayed the decrease in photosynthesis caused by drought, or this decrease occurred at a lower soil water content. In the field, we evaluated the effect of AMF inoculation on colonization, leaf water potential, survival, and inflorescence development. Inoculation increased AMF colonization, and the seedlings experienced water stress, as evidenced by water potentials between −2 and −4 MPa and reduced stomatal conductance. However, survival remained high, and no differences in water potentials or survival occurred between treatments. Only the percentage of plants with inflorescence was higher in inoculated than non-inoculated seedlings. Overall, the greenhouse results support that AMF colonization enhances drought tolerance in A. tridentata seedlings. Yet, the significance of these results in increasing survival in nature remains to be tested under more severe drought than the plants experienced in our field experiment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Influences on Plant Growth Regulation)
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13 pages, 3417 KiB  
Article
Phosphorus Addition Reduces Seedling Growth and Survival for the Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Tree Cinnamomum camphora (Lauraceae) and Ectomycorrhizal Tree Castanopsis sclerophylla (Fagaceae) in Fragmented Forests in Eastern China
by Jinliang Liu, Mengsi Zhou, Xue Li, Tianxiang Li, Haoyue Jiang, Luping Zhao, Shuman Chen, Jingying Tian and Wenjuan Han
Plants 2023, 12(16), 2946; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12162946 - 15 Aug 2023
Viewed by 1061
Abstract
Global changes in nutrient deposition rates and habitat fragmentation are likely to have profound effects on plant communities, particularly in the nutrient-limited systems of the tropics and subtropics. However, it remains unclear how increased phosphorus (P) supply affects seedling growth in P-deficient subtropical [...] Read more.
Global changes in nutrient deposition rates and habitat fragmentation are likely to have profound effects on plant communities, particularly in the nutrient-limited systems of the tropics and subtropics. However, it remains unclear how increased phosphorus (P) supply affects seedling growth in P-deficient subtropical fragmented forests. To explore this, we applied P to 11 islands in a subtropical Chinese archipelago and examined the results in combination with a contemporary greenhouse experiment to test the influence of P addition on seedling growth and survival. We measured the growth (i.e., base area) and mortality rate of seedlings for one arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) and one ectomycorrhizal (EcM) tree species separately and calculated their relative growth rate and mortality when compared with P addition and control treatment on each island. We also measured three functional traits and the biomass of seedlings in the greenhouse experiment. Results showed that P addition significantly increased the mortality of AM and EcM seedlings and reduced the growth rate of EcM seedlings. The relative growth rate of AM seedlings, but not EcM seedlings, significantly decreased as the island area decreased, suggesting that P addition could promote the relative growth rate of AM seedlings on larger islands. The greenhouse experiment showed that P addition could reduce the specific root length of AM and EcM seedlings and reduce the aboveground and total biomass of seedlings, indicating that P addition may affect the resource acquisition of seedlings, thereby affecting their survival and growth. Our study reveals the synergistic influence of habitat fragmentation and P deposition, which may affect the regeneration of forest communities and biodiversity maintenance in fragmented habitats. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Influences on Plant Growth Regulation)
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Review

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40 pages, 13287 KiB  
Review
Role of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in Regulating Growth, Enhancing Productivity, and Potentially Influencing Ecosystems under Abiotic and Biotic Stresses
by Abdul Wahab, Murad Muhammad, Asma Munir, Gholamreza Abdi, Wajid Zaman, Asma Ayaz, Chandni Khizar and Sneha Priya Pappula Reddy
Plants 2023, 12(17), 3102; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12173102 - 29 Aug 2023
Cited by 22 | Viewed by 8232
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) form symbiotic relationships with the roots of nearly all land-dwelling plants, increasing growth and productivity, especially during abiotic stress. AMF improves plant development by improving nutrient acquisition, such as phosphorus, water, and mineral uptake. AMF improves plant tolerance and [...] Read more.
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) form symbiotic relationships with the roots of nearly all land-dwelling plants, increasing growth and productivity, especially during abiotic stress. AMF improves plant development by improving nutrient acquisition, such as phosphorus, water, and mineral uptake. AMF improves plant tolerance and resilience to abiotic stressors such as drought, salt, and heavy metal toxicity. These benefits come from the arbuscular mycorrhizal interface, which lets fungal and plant partners exchange nutrients, signalling molecules, and protective chemical compounds. Plants’ antioxidant defence systems, osmotic adjustment, and hormone regulation are also affected by AMF infestation. These responses promote plant performance, photosynthetic efficiency, and biomass production in abiotic stress conditions. As a result of its positive effects on soil structure, nutrient cycling, and carbon sequestration, AMF contributes to the maintenance of resilient ecosystems. The effects of AMFs on plant growth and ecological stability are species- and environment-specific. AMF’s growth-regulating, productivity-enhancing role in abiotic stress alleviation under abiotic stress is reviewed. More research is needed to understand the molecular mechanisms that drive AMF-plant interactions and their responses to abiotic stresses. AMF triggers plants’ morphological, physiological, and molecular responses to abiotic stress. Water and nutrient acquisition, plant development, and abiotic stress tolerance are improved by arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis. In plants, AMF colonization modulates antioxidant defense mechanisms, osmotic adjustment, and hormonal regulation. These responses promote plant performance, photosynthetic efficiency, and biomass production in abiotic stress circumstances. AMF-mediated effects are also enhanced by essential oils (EOs), superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), malondialdehyde (MDA), and phosphorus (P). Understanding how AMF increases plant adaptation and reduces abiotic stress will help sustain agriculture, ecosystem management, and climate change mitigation. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) have gained prominence in agriculture due to their multifaceted roles in promoting plant health and productivity. This review delves into how AMF influences plant growth and nutrient absorption, especially under challenging environmental conditions. We further explore the extent to which AMF bolsters plant resilience and growth during stress. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Influences on Plant Growth Regulation)
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