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Bioactive Compounds in Plants: Store House of Modern Drugs
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Bioactive Compounds in Plants: Store House of Modern Drugs

A special issue of Plants (ISSN 2223-7747). This special issue belongs to the section "Phytochemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 July 2023) | Viewed by 15046

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Erick Paul Gutiérrez-Grijalva

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Cátedras CONACYT, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, AC. Carretera a Eldorado Km 5.5, Col. Campo El Diez, Culiacán CP 80110, SI, Mexico
Interests: phytochemicals; bioaccessibility of antioxidants
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. José Basilio Heredia

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, AC. Carretera a Eldorado Km 5.5, Col. Campo El Diez, Culiacán CP 80110, SI, Mexico
Interests: phytochemistry; functional foods and nutraceuticals; secondary metabolites; plant stress
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Jayanta Kumar Patra

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Research Institute of Integrative Life Sciences, Dongguk University, Goyang-si, Republic of Korea
Interests: antioxidant activity; bioactive compounds; medicinal plants; functional foods; biomolecules; nanobiotechnology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Bioactive compounds from plants like carotenoids, glucosinolates, bioactive peptides, polyphenols, tannins, and alkaloids. These compounds have been subject of studies for their health-promoting properties and can be used in the animal feed industry, the functional food and nutraceuticals industries, the food industry, the pharmaceutical industry, and in agriculture as natural biocides to prevent the use of synthetic pesticides. The structural diversity of bioactive compounds and their almost ubiquitous presence in plants sets a task in optimizing new extraction strategies that are environmentally friendly. Moreover, for their uses in human health, there has been increasing research on encapsulation strategies for enhancing the overall bioavailability of bioactive compounds. Furthermore, due to the increasing incidence of different types of cancer associated with the prolonged use of pesticides, natural compounds from plants are now being formulated and used. This Special Issue of Plants welcomes all types of research articles which address the use of bioactive compounds in multidisciplinary applications.

Dr. Erick Paul Gutiérrez-Grijalva
Dr. José Basilio Heredia
Dr. Jayanta Kumar Patra
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Plants is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • antioxidant bioactive compounds
  • anti-inflammatory bioactive compounds
  • anti-proliferative bioactive compounds
  • bioactive compounds as biocides
  • encapsulation of bioactive compounds
  • bioaccessibility and bioavailability of bioactive compounds
  • bioactive compounds as herbal drugs
  • bioactive compounds in nanodrug delivery

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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23 pages, 3393 KiB  
Article
Metabolomic Characterization of Phoradendron brachystachyum Mistletoe and In-Silico and In-Vitro Investigation of Its Therapeutic Potential in Metabolic Disorders
by Luis Aurelio Montoya-Inzunza, Aldo Moreno-Ulloa, Rommel A. Carballo-Castañeda, Jorge Xool-Tamayo, Laura Aracely Contreras-Angulo, Nayely Leyva-López, Marilena Antunes-Ricardo, Jose Reyes Gonzalez-Galaviz, José Basilio Heredia and Erick Paul Gutiérrez-Grijalva
Plants 2023, 12(14), 2729; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12142729 - 22 Jul 2023
Viewed by 1184
Abstract
Plants of the Phoradendron genus have been traditionally used for their lipid- and glucose-lowering effects. However, the compounds responsible for these effects and the overall chemical profile of these plants have not been thoroughly investigated. We aimed to characterize the metabolome of leaves, [...] Read more.
Plants of the Phoradendron genus have been traditionally used for their lipid- and glucose-lowering effects. However, the compounds responsible for these effects and the overall chemical profile of these plants have not been thoroughly investigated. We aimed to characterize the metabolome of leaves, stems, and aerial parts of the Phoradendron brachystachyum plant. We used mass spectrometry and colorimetric screening techniques (with various solvents) to identify and characterize the metabolites present. We also evaluated the antioxidant (FRAP, ORAC, TEAC, and DPPH assays) and inhibitory effects on pancreatic lipase and α-glucosidase enzymes of hydrophilic extracts. Furthermore, we compared the molecular fingerprints between the identified metabolites and FDA-approved drugs to gain insights into the metabolites that might be responsible for the observed effects on enzymes. Our findings revealed the presence of 59 putative metabolites, primarily flavonoids. However, we also hint at the presence of peptide and carbohydrate derivatives. The leaf extracts demonstrated the most promising metrics across all assays, exhibiting strong antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory effects as well as high levels of phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and tannins. Fingerprint analysis suggested potential peptide and carbohydrate metabolites as pancreatic lipase and α-glucosidase inhibitors. Overall, our study provides evidence on specific metabolites in Phoradendron brachystachyum that could be responsible for the therapeutic effects noted in obese and type 2 diabetes subjects. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bioactive Compounds in Plants: Store House of Modern Drugs)
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14 pages, 739 KiB  
Article
Cytotoxic, Anti-Hemolytic, and Antioxidant Activities of Ruta chalepensis L. (Rutaceae) Extract, Fractions, and Isolated Compounds
by Joel H. Elizondo-Luévano, Nancy E. Rodríguez-Garza, Aldo F. Bazaldúa-Rodríguez, César I. Romo-Sáenz, Patricia Tamez-Guerra, María J. Verde-Star, Ricardo Gomez-Flores and Ramiro Quintanilla-Licea
Plants 2023, 12(11), 2203; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12112203 - 02 Jun 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1538
Abstract
Ruta chalepensis is an herb used to treat various ailments, and its potential cytotoxic effects on different tumor cell lines have been extensively studied. The present study aimed to evaluate the cytotoxic activity of R. chalepensis methanol extract (RCME), sub-partitions obtained from solvents [...] Read more.
Ruta chalepensis is an herb used to treat various ailments, and its potential cytotoxic effects on different tumor cell lines have been extensively studied. The present study aimed to evaluate the cytotoxic activity of R. chalepensis methanol extract (RCME), sub-partitions obtained from solvents of increasing polarity, and major compounds, as well as their hemolytic, anti-hemolytic, and antioxidant potential. The in vitro cytotoxic activity against the human hepatocarcinoma (HEP-G2) and the murine lymphoma cell line (L5178Y-R) was evaluated using the colorimetric 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) reduction assay, whereas selectivity indices (SIs) were determined by comparing cytotoxicity against normal African green monkey kidney cells (VERO) and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Hemolytic and anti-hemolytic activities were evaluated on human erythrocytes. The most effective cytotoxic treatment was evaluated for nitric oxide release by J774A.1 macrophages. Antioxidant activity of R. chalepensis material was also determined. Results showed that RCME produced significant (p < 0.05) cytotoxicity in HEP-G2 (IC50 = 1.79 µg/mL) and L5178Y-R (IC50 = 1.60 µg/mL) cells and exhibited high SIs (291.50 and 114.80, respectively). In addition, the n-hexane fraction (RCHF) showed an IC50 of 18.31 µg/mL in HEP-G2 cells and an SI of 9.48 in VERO cells, whereas the chloroform fraction (RCCF) evidenced an IC50 of 1.60 µg/mL in L5178Y-R cells and an SI of 34.27 in PBMC cells. Chalepensin (CHL), rutamarin (RTM), and graveolin (GRV), which are major components of R. chalepensis, showed high activity against L5178Y-R cells, with IC50 of 9.15, 15.13 and SI of 45.08 µg/mL, respectively. In addition, CHL, RTM, and GRV showed SIs of 24.76, 9.98, and 3.52, respectively, when compared with PBMC cells. RCME at concentrations of 125 µg/mL and 250 µg/mL, significantly (p < 0.05) decreased nitrite production in J774A.1 cells, when exposed to lipopolysaccharide. This study demonstrated that RCME showed significant cytotoxic activity against HEP-G2 and L5178Y-R cells, without affecting normal VERO, PBMC, and J774A.1 cells. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bioactive Compounds in Plants: Store House of Modern Drugs)
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12 pages, 1271 KiB  
Article
Green Extracts and UPLC-TQS-MS/MS Profiling of Flavonoids from Mexican Oregano (Lippia graveolens) Using Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents/Ultrasound-Assisted and Supercritical Fluids
by Manuel de Jesús Bernal-Millán, Miriam del Carmen Carrasco-Portugal, J. Basilio Heredia, Pedro de Jesús Bastidas-Bastidas, Erick Paul Gutiérrez-Grijalva, Josefina León-Félix and Miguel Ángel Angulo-Escalante
Plants 2023, 12(8), 1692; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12081692 - 18 Apr 2023
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1482
Abstract
Mexican oregano (Lippia graveolens) is an important source of bioactive compounds, such as flavonoids. These have presented different therapeutic properties, including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory; however, their functionality is related to the quantity and type of compounds, and these characteristics depend on [...] Read more.
Mexican oregano (Lippia graveolens) is an important source of bioactive compounds, such as flavonoids. These have presented different therapeutic properties, including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory; however, their functionality is related to the quantity and type of compounds, and these characteristics depend on the extraction method used. This study aimed to compare different extraction procedures to identify and quantify flavonoids from oregano (Lippia graveolens). Emerging and conventional technologies include maceration with methanol and water, and ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) using deep eutectic solvents (DES) such as choline chloride-ethylene glycol, choline chloride-glycerol, and choline chloride-lactic acid. Supercritical fluid extraction using CO2 as a solvent was also studied. Six different extracts were obtained and the total reducing capacity, total flavonoid content, and antioxidant capacity by ABTS•+, DPPH•, FRAP, and ORAC were evaluated. In addition, flavonoids were identified and quantified by UPLC-TQS-MS/MS. Results showed that UAE-DES had the best extraction effect and antioxidant capacity using colorimetric methods. However, maceration-methanol was superior in compound content, and highlighting naringenin and phloridzin were the major compounds. In addition, this extract was microencapsulated by spray drying, which provided a protection feature of their antioxidant potential. Oregano extracts are rich in flavonoids and the microcapsules present promising results for future research. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bioactive Compounds in Plants: Store House of Modern Drugs)
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Review

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22 pages, 3751 KiB  
Review
Anti-Cancer Agent: The Labdane Diterpenoid-Andrographolide
by Rosa Tundis, Jayanta Kumar Patra, Marco Bonesi, Subrata Das, Rajat Nath, Anupam Das Talukdar, Gitishree Das and Monica Rosa Loizzo
Plants 2023, 12(10), 1969; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12101969 - 12 May 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2685
Abstract
In spite of the progress in treatment strategies, cancer remains a major cause of death worldwide. Therefore, the main challenge should be the early diagnosis of cancer and the design of an optimal therapeutic strategy to increase the patient’s life expectancy as well [...] Read more.
In spite of the progress in treatment strategies, cancer remains a major cause of death worldwide. Therefore, the main challenge should be the early diagnosis of cancer and the design of an optimal therapeutic strategy to increase the patient’s life expectancy as well as the continuation of the search for increasingly active and selective molecules for the treatment of different forms of cancer. In the recent decades, research in the field of natural compounds has increasingly shifted towards advanced and molecular level understandings, thus leading to the development of potent anti-cancer agents. Among them is the diterpene lactone andrographolide, isolated from Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) Wall. ex Nees that showed shows a plethora of biological activities, including not only anti-cancer activity, but also anti-inflammatory, anti-viral, anti-bacterial, neuroprotective, hepatoprotective, hypoglycemic, and immunomodulatory properties. Andrographolide has been shown to act as an anti-tumor drug by affecting specific molecular targets that play a part in the development and progression of several cancer types including breast, lung, colon, renal, and cervical cancer, as well as leukemia and hepatocarcinoma. This review comprehensively and systematically summarized the current research on the potential anti-cancer properties of andrographolide highlighting its mechanisms of action, pharmacokinetics, and potential side effects and discussing the future perspectives, challenges, and limitations of use. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bioactive Compounds in Plants: Store House of Modern Drugs)
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22 pages, 1877 KiB  
Review
Major Bioactive Compounds from Java Plum Seeds: An Investigation of Its Extraction Procedures and Clinical Effects
by Gitishree Das, Rajat Nath, Anupam Das Talukdar, Duygu Ağagündüz, Birsen Yilmaz, Raffaele Capasso, Han-Seung Shin and Jayanta Kumar Patra
Plants 2023, 12(6), 1214; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12061214 - 07 Mar 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 7047
Abstract
Java plum is widely recognized as a plant with valuable medicinal properties, originating from Indonesia and India and distributed globally in the tropic and sub-tropic regions of the world. The plant is rich in alkaloids, flavonoids, phenyl propanoids, terpenes, tannins, and lipids. The [...] Read more.
Java plum is widely recognized as a plant with valuable medicinal properties, originating from Indonesia and India and distributed globally in the tropic and sub-tropic regions of the world. The plant is rich in alkaloids, flavonoids, phenyl propanoids, terpenes, tannins, and lipids. The phytoconstituents of the plant seeds possess various vital pharmacological activities and clinical effects including their antidiabetic potential. The bioactive phytoconstituents of Java plum seeds include jambosine, gallic acid, quercetin, β-sitosterol, ferulic acid, guaiacol, resorcinol, p-coumaric acid, corilagin, ellagic acid, catechin, epicatechin, tannic acid, 4,6 hexahydroxydiphenoyl glucose, 3,6-hexahydroxy diphenoylglucose, 1-galloylglucose, and 3-galloylglucose. Considering all the potential beneficial effects of the major bioactive compounds present in the Jamun seeds, in the current investigation, the specific clinical effects and the mechanism of action for the major bioactive compounds along with the extraction procedures are discussed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bioactive Compounds in Plants: Store House of Modern Drugs)
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