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Photonics
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Optical Fiber Communication Systems
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Optical Fiber Communication Systems

A special issue of Photonics (ISSN 2304-6732). This special issue belongs to the section "Optical Communication and Network".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (10 November 2022) | Viewed by 9141

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Feng Tian

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Electronic Engineering, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications (BUPT), Beijing 100876, China
Interests: optical fiber communications; optical signal processing; multi-core few mode; space division multiplexing; coded modulation; equalization algorithm
Prof. Dr. Jianping Li

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Information Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
Interests: optical communication; optical signal processing
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Feng Wen

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Key Lab of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, Ministry of Education, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
Interests: optical signal processing; photonic neural networks; satellite communication
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

With the rapid development of cloud computing, virtual reality (VR), artificial intelligence, and other services, the demand for network traffic is rapidly increasing. To meet the demands of future large-capacity networks, optical fiber communication systems have been the key form of technology, which supports the high-speed transmission of information all over the world, especially in the presence of the COVID-19 pandemic, when the world, at present, requires more Internet data usage than before.

The current Special Issue aims to collate the scientific research that includes advanced coded modulations, ultra-wideband transmissions, space division multiplexing technology, and digital signal processing algorithms, which can support the high-speed large-capacity transmission system. In particular, we encourage submissions that are concerned with the theoretical (simulation) and experimental research on optical fiber communication systems. We also welcome submissions of both contributed articles and review papers.

We look forward to receiving your contributions.

Dr. Feng Tian
Prof. Dr. Jianping Li
Dr. Feng Wen
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Photonics is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • optical fiber communications
  • ultra-wideband optical transmission
  • space division multiplexing technology
  • optical signal processing
  • channel equalization algorithm

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

19 pages, 2302 KiB  
Article
Performance Analysis and Power Tilt Mitigation of Ultra-Wideband WDM Transmission Systems
by Tianze Wu, Feng Tian, Yuyan Wu, Xiru Yue, Yu Gu, Yi Cui, Qi Zhang and Rahat Ullah
Photonics 2023, 10(5), 530; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics10050530 - 04 May 2023
Viewed by 1385
Abstract
Ultra-wideband (UWB) wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) transmission, which utilizes low-loss spectral windows of single-mode fiber for data transmission, is a highly promising method for increasing the capacity of optical communication. In this paper, we investigate the performance of a UWB WDM transmission system [...] Read more.
Ultra-wideband (UWB) wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) transmission, which utilizes low-loss spectral windows of single-mode fiber for data transmission, is a highly promising method for increasing the capacity of optical communication. In this paper, we investigate the performance of a UWB WDM transmission system that covers the widely used C+L band as well as the additional O-, E-, and S-bands. We establish the transmission system for UWB and discuss the effects of the channel, including Kerr nonlinearity and inter-channel interference from inter-channel stimulated Raman scattering (ISRS) between O-, E-, S-, C-, and L-bands. Moreover, we demonstrate an optimization scheme for compensating the spectral power tilt caused by SRS in the S+C+L band system, which utilizes the Raman amplifier and the partition particle swarm optimization (PPSO) algorithm. The results show that the power tilt value of the algorithm is reduced from 18 to 2.93 dB, and the iteration speed is improved by 10% compared with the normal particle swarm algorithm. The scheme provides an efficient way to improve the generalized mutual information (GMI) performance of UWB WDM systems. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Optical Fiber Communication Systems)
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11 pages, 3708 KiB  
Article
Modulation Format Identification Based on Signal Constellation Diagrams and Support Vector Machine
by Zhiqi Huang, Qi Zhang, Xiangjun Xin, Haipeng Yao, Ran Gao, Jinkun Jiang, Feng Tian, Bingchun Liu, Fu Wang, Qinghua Tian, Yongjun Wang and Leijing Yang
Photonics 2022, 9(12), 927; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics9120927 - 02 Dec 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1459
Abstract
In coherent optical communication systems, where multiple modulation formats are mixed and variable, the correct identification of signal modulation formats provides the foundation for subsequent performance improvement using digital algorithms. A modulation format identification (MFI) scheme based on signal constellation diagrams and support [...] Read more.
In coherent optical communication systems, where multiple modulation formats are mixed and variable, the correct identification of signal modulation formats provides the foundation for subsequent performance improvement using digital algorithms. A modulation format identification (MFI) scheme based on signal constellation diagrams and support vector machine (SVM) is proposed. Firstly, the signal constellation diagrams are divided by the fractal dimension of the weighted linear least squares (WLS-FD) algorithm, and the fractal dimension (FD) in each region is calculated, which is regarded as one of the image features. Then, the feature values of the image in different directions are extracted by the gray-level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM), and their mean and variance are calculated, which is regarded as another feature. Finally, the two features are input into the modulation format classifier constructed by the SVM to achieve MFI in coherent optical communication systems. To verify the feasibility and superiority of the scheme, we compare it with the MFI scheme based on higher-order statistical (HOS) features, GLCM features, and FD features, respectively. Further, we built a 30 GBaud coherent optical communication system with fiber lengths of 80 km and 120 km, where the optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR) ranges from 0 dB to 30 dB. The proposed MFI scheme identifies seven modulation formats: QPSK, 8QAM, 16QAM, 32QAM, 64QAM, 128QAM, and 256QAM. The results show that compared with the other three schemes, our proposed scheme has a better identification accuracy at low OSNR. In addition, the identification accuracy of this scheme can reach 100% when the OSNR ≥ 10 dB. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Optical Fiber Communication Systems)
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18 pages, 5011 KiB  
Article
Nonlinear Impairment Compensation Using Transfer Learning-Assisted Convolutional Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory Neural Network for Coherent Optical Communication Systems
by Xueyuan Luo, Chenglin Bai, Xinyu Chi, Hengying Xu, Yaxuan Fan, Lishan Yang, Peng Qin, Zhiguo Wang and Xiuhua Lv
Photonics 2022, 9(12), 919; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics9120919 - 29 Nov 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1441
Abstract
By combining the nonlinear impairment features derived from the first-order perturbation theory, we propose a nonlinear impairment compensation (NLC) scheme based on the transfer learning-assisted convolutional bidirectional long short-term Memory (CNN-BiLSTM) neural network structure. When considering the correlation of [...] Read more.
By combining the nonlinear impairment features derived from the first-order perturbation theory, we propose a nonlinear impairment compensation (NLC) scheme based on the transfer learning-assisted convolutional bidirectional long short-term Memory (CNN-BiLSTM) neural network structure. When considering the correlation of nonlinear impairment between preceding and succeeding consecutive adjacent symbols on the current moment symbol and integrating the multidimensional feature extraction and time memory characteristics of CNN-BiLSTM, the nonlinear impairment information contained in the input feature can be fully utilized to accurately predict the nonlinear impairment showing significant compensation effect. Meanwhile, transfer learning (TL) is introduced to greatly reduce the complexity of the scheme on the basis of high compensation performance. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed scheme, we construct single-channel (SC) and 5-channel 28 GBaud polarization division multiplexing 16 quadrature amplitude modulation (PDM-16QAM)/85 GBaud PDM-64QAM simulation systems, and SC and 3-channel 28 GBaud PDM-16QAM experimental systems. The experimental results show that when compared with simple recurrent neural network (SRNN) NLC and DBP 20 steps per span (DBP20StPs), the Q-factor gain of our scheme is about 1 dB and 1.7 dB in the SC system, and about 1.1 dB and 1.5 dB in the 3-channel system at the optimal launch power, respectively. It is interesting to highlight that, by applying TL to the simulation and experimental systems, our scheme based on only 5% of the training samples can achieve compensation performance comparable to or higher quality than retraining at various launch powers. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Optical Fiber Communication Systems)
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14 pages, 3371 KiB  
Article
Joint Pre- and Post-Equalization with Higher-Order Modulation Formats in SDM-Based Optical MIMO Systems
by Jasmeet Singh, Andreas Ahrens and Steffen Lochmann
Photonics 2022, 9(11), 876; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics9110876 - 19 Nov 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1415
Abstract
The multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) technology is a promising area of research to cope up with the demands of higher data rates and capacity. In the optical communication domain, the combination of space-division multiplexing (SDM) with higher-order modulation (HOM) formats over an optical [...] Read more.
The multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) technology is a promising area of research to cope up with the demands of higher data rates and capacity. In the optical communication domain, the combination of space-division multiplexing (SDM) with higher-order modulation (HOM) formats over an optical MIMO system actively addresses these challenges. By allowing multi-level signaling with limited increment in the transmitter’s complexity, a jointly designed pre- and post-equalization (PPE) for an optical MIMO system with a multi-mode fiber (MMF) link is proposed. Cost-effectiveness of the system is incorporated by utilizing intensity modulation/direct detection (IM/DD) with HOM formats such as pulse-amplitude modulation (PAM) schemes. With the aid of a numerical optimization algorithm, the proposed joint-PPE filter coefficients are optimized with respect to the MMF channel and the transmit power constraint. In contrast to existing research on the single-mode fiber (SMF) based optical systems, the effectiveness of the proposed joint-PPE filter is analyzed on an MMF link, which is considerably degraded by the modal dispersion. In the analyzed experimental scenario, the proposed joint-PPE scheme confirms to be beneficial as compared to the post-equalization only (PE-only) in terms of bit-error rate (BER) performance. Furthermore, the required average received optical power to reach a BER 10−4 by the joint-PPE scheme is improved by 2 dB with comparison to the minimum mean-squared error (MMSE) PE-only. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Optical Fiber Communication Systems)
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11 pages, 3857 KiB  
Article
Design and Characteristics of Diamond-Assisted Ring-Core Fiber for Space Division Multiplexing
by Yujing Song, Jingjing Zheng, Li Pei, Jing Huang, Tigang Ning, Jing Li, Jianshuai Wang and Bing Bai
Photonics 2022, 9(10), 766; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics9100766 - 13 Oct 2022
Viewed by 1353
Abstract
In this paper, a novel diamond-assisted ring-core fiber (DRF) is proposed. With the introduction of a low-refractive-index diamond-shaped region located in the center of the core, the proposed fiber effectively eliminates spatial degeneracy of the LPmn mode groups and maintains a low [...] Read more.
In this paper, a novel diamond-assisted ring-core fiber (DRF) is proposed. With the introduction of a low-refractive-index diamond-shaped region located in the center of the core, the proposed fiber effectively eliminates spatial degeneracy of the LPmn mode groups and maintains a low level of birefringence. Under the fiber structure parameters proposed in this paper, the effective refractive index difference (Δneff) between the spatial modes supported by the fiber in the entire C-band is greater than 2.25 × 10−4, and the Δneff between adjacent modes falls within the scope of (2.11~9.41) × 10−4. The degree of degenerate separation between the two polarization modes of all modes is very low, which is 2~3 orders of magnitude lower than that of the spatial mode. By discussing the mode characteristics of DRF and several other center-assisted ring-core fibers, the method that can be used to manipulate the spatial mode degenerate separation with structural symmetry is obtained, which can be applied to provide guidance for similar fiber designs. The proposed fiber structure is a promising candidate in space division multiplexing systems. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Optical Fiber Communication Systems)
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11 pages, 5150 KiB  
Communication
Analog–Digital Combined High-Secure Optical Communication System Based on Chaotic Circuit Driving
by Qing Zhong, Bo Liu, Jianxin Ren, Yicheng Jiang, Rahat Ullah, Zhiruo Guo, Yaya Mao, Xiangyu Wu, Yongfeng Wu, Lilong Zhao and Tingting Sun
Photonics 2022, 9(9), 669; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics9090669 - 19 Sep 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1486
Abstract
We propose and demonstrate a new analog–digital combined high-secure optical communication system based on chaotic circuit driving, which achieves encryption in the analog and digital domains. A 3D chaotic system is used for analog domain phase encryption (ADPE) and digital domain time–frequency encryption [...] Read more.
We propose and demonstrate a new analog–digital combined high-secure optical communication system based on chaotic circuit driving, which achieves encryption in the analog and digital domains. A 3D chaotic system is used for analog domain phase encryption (ADPE) and digital domain time–frequency encryption (DDTFE) simultaneously. The ADPE is carried out by the privately chaotic signal driving the phase modulator (PM), which realizes chaotic phase encryption. The chaotic circuit comprehends highly complex nonlinear dynamics. Its size is 10 cm × 5 cm, which has the characteristics of small size and low cost. The DDTFE is performed by the frequency–time encryption of signals in the digital domain. The experimental results show that the optical physical layer encryption scheme based on analog and digital combination can successfully mask the original data. The driving signal of PM is that generated by the chaotic circuit and needs to be privately synchronized, so that the legal receiver may accurately decrypt the encrypted data and the eavesdropper is unable to intercept a valuable message. If the chaotic driving circuit produces a delay of 3 s, the bit error rate (BER) reaches more than 0.3 at the receiver. The results of experiment verify that the scheme can transmit 13.3 Gb/s 16 quadrature amplitude modulation orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (16QAM-OFDM) signal over 25 km standard single mode fiber (SSMF). This scheme achieves low-cost, high-security communication, making it a suitable foundation for high-speed, secure optical communication at the physical layer. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Optical Fiber Communication Systems)
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