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Photonics
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Femtosecond Laser-Induced Microfabrication
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Femtosecond Laser-Induced Microfabrication

A special issue of Photonics (ISSN 2304-6732). This special issue belongs to the section "Optical Interaction Science".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 July 2023) | Viewed by 5480

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Jijil JJ Nivas

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Dipartimento di Fisica “Ettore Pancini”, Università di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia, I-80126 Napoli, Italy
Interests: ultrafast material processing; laser induced material modification; ultrafast laser surface structuring; laser induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS); generation and manipulation of higher order vortex beams; direct writing with complex light fields; beam with OAM; LIBS; lidar range finder

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In the past decade, laser pulses at femtosecond timescale have been extensively utilized in material processing, especially for precise materials structuring at the micro- and nano-scales that enables surface functionalization towards the control of optical, mechanical, or chemical surface properties in research as well as industrial-scale applications. While compared with other prevailing methods such as lithography, etching, sputtering and chemical vapour deposition, laser-based material processing have many unique advantages. Ultrafast material processing provides a robust, single-step, high-speed surface and bulk structuring technique that does not require any particular processing environment and can be done in ambient air, thus, avoiding expensive and time-consuming vacuum technologies or post-processing. The extremely short pulse duration and high peak power of femtosecond lasers enable the processing of any solid material, including transparent materials.

We are pleased to invite you to submit high impact fundamental research as well as applications of laser material processing. The journal welcomes both experimental and theoretical (simulation) research. The researchers are encouraged to publish their experimental and theoretical results with all the necessary details so that the results can be reproduced. There is no restriction on the number of pages.

This Special Issue aims at presenting original research articles dealing with ultrafast laser material processing and underlying mechanisms with special emphasis on the novel applications of structured surfaces. In this Special Issue, original state-of-the-art research articles and reviews are welcome. Research areas may include (but are not limited to) the following:

  • Femtosecond laser surface structuring
  • Laser induced periodic surface structuring (LIPSS)
  • Micro- and nano-structuring of materials
  • Laser induced surface functionalization
  • Femtosecond laser engineering of materials
  • Ultrafast laser material fabrication
  • Laser induced refractive index grating
  • Direct writing with femtosecond laser pulse
  • Modification of material properties by laser pulses
  • Laser processing for integrated optics
  • Applications of different structured surfaces
  • New phenomena in laser-based material treatments
  • Fabrication of photonic integrated elements

Dr. Jijil JJ Nivas
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Photonics is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • femtosecond laser surface structuring
  • laser induced periodic surface structuring (LIPSS)
  • micro- and nano-structuring of materials
  • laser induced direct writing and surface functionalization
  • laser processing for integrated optics

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

12 pages, 3730 KiB  
Article
Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Studies of Au-Ag Bimetallic Nanoparticles with a Tunable Surface Plasmon Resonance Wavelength Synthesized by Picosecond Laser Irradiation
by P. Babuji, Md Abu Taher, Mudasir H. Dar, D. Narayana Rao, P. Gopala Krishna and V. Saikiran
Photonics 2023, 10(12), 1345; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics10121345 - 06 Dec 2023
Viewed by 936
Abstract
Here, we present a simple and green method of preparing Au-Ag bimetallic nanoparticles (NPs) with a tunable surface plasmon resonance (SPR) wavelength by using picosecond laser irradiation. Au-Ag alloy NPs have been produced by irradiating the solutions containing respective metallic salts in a [...] Read more.
Here, we present a simple and green method of preparing Au-Ag bimetallic nanoparticles (NPs) with a tunable surface plasmon resonance (SPR) wavelength by using picosecond laser irradiation. Au-Ag alloy NPs have been produced by irradiating the solutions containing respective metallic salts in a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) matrix using a picosecond laser in a single-step process. The SPR wavelength of the Au-Ag bimetallic NPs is observed to be shifted/changed with the Au-Ag concentration and the laser irradiation parameters. The Au-Ag NPs embedded in the PVA matrix are advantageous for Surface-Enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) applications. The estimated enhancement factors (EFs) were observed to vary as a function of conditions of the Au-Ag bimetallic alloy NPs synthesis and also on the concentration of Au at a fixed input fluence of irradiation. The SERS active platforms of Au-Ag bimetallic NPs showed EFs as high as of the order of 108 for Crystal Violet (CV) dye samples at nano molar concentrations. The present study demonstrates a simple, single-step, and green method that fabricates Au-Ag alloy-based nanocomposites suitable for SERS investigations with significantly higher orders of EFs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Femtosecond Laser-Induced Microfabrication)
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14 pages, 25053 KiB  
Article
Direct Femtosecond Laser Processing for Generating High Spatial Frequency LIPSS (HSFL) on Borosilicate Glasses with Large-Area Coverage
by Rajeev Rajendran, E. R. Krishnadev and K. K. Anoop
Photonics 2023, 10(7), 793; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics10070793 - 10 Jul 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1454
Abstract
Large-area nanostructuring of glasses using intense laser beams is a challenging task due to the material’s extreme non-linear absorption of laser energy. Precise optimization of the process parameters is essential for fabricating nanostructures with large-area coverage. In this study, we report the findings [...] Read more.
Large-area nanostructuring of glasses using intense laser beams is a challenging task due to the material’s extreme non-linear absorption of laser energy. Precise optimization of the process parameters is essential for fabricating nanostructures with large-area coverage. In this study, we report the findings on creating high-spatial-frequency LIPSS (HSFL) on borosilicate glass through direct laser writing, using a femtosecond laser with a wavelength λ = 800 nm, pulse duration τ = 35 fs, and repetition frequency frep = 1 kHz. We measured the single-pulse ablation threshold and incubation factor of Borosilicate glasses to achieve high-precision control of the large-area surface structuring. Single-spot experiments indicated that, when there was higher fluence and a larger number of irradiated laser pulses, a melt formation inside the irradiated area limited the uniformity of LIPSS formation. Additionally, the orientation of the scan axis with the laser beam polarization was found to significantly influence the uniformity of LIPSS generated along the scan line, with more redeposition and melt formation when the scan axis was perpendicular to the laser beam polarization. For large-area processing, the borosilicate glass surface was scanned line-by-line by the laser beam, with a scan orientation parallel to the polarization of the laser. The optical characterization revealed that the transmittance and reflectance of the borosilicate glass decreased significantly after processing. Additionally, the surface’s wettability changed from hydrophilic to super-hydrophilic after processing. These chemical contamination-free and uniformly distributed structures have potential applications in optics, microfluidics, photovoltaics, and biomaterials. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Femtosecond Laser-Induced Microfabrication)
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10 pages, 8377 KiB  
Communication
Preparation of Antireflection Microstructures on ZnSe Crystal by Femtosecond Burst Bessel Direct Laser Writing
by Sikun Zhou, Junjie Yang, Sha Wang, Shutong Wang, Guoliang Deng and Shouhuan Zhou
Photonics 2023, 10(4), 479; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics10040479 - 21 Apr 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1402
Abstract
In this work, we fabricated the antireflection microstructures (ARMs) on ZnSe surfaces using a femtosecond Bessel direct laser writing in burst mode. The morphology and transmittance performance of ARMs with different single-pulse energies (from 200 nJ to 500 nJ), different burst modes (burst [...] Read more.
In this work, we fabricated the antireflection microstructures (ARMs) on ZnSe surfaces using a femtosecond Bessel direct laser writing in burst mode. The morphology and transmittance performance of ARMs with different single-pulse energies (from 200 nJ to 500 nJ), different burst modes (burst 1, 3, and 5 modes), different periods (from 3 μm to 6 μm), and different arrangements were investigated. The results revealed that tetragonally arranged ARMs fabricated by 500 nJ of single-pulse energy, the burst 3 mode, and a period of 3 μm show the best transmittance performance. The average transmittance of the ARMs was about 17.13% higher than that of bulk ZnSe in the range of 8–12 μm, and the highest transmittance of 81.75% (an improvement of 18.63% on one side of the ZnSe) was achieved at 12.36 μm. This process makes it possible to enhance ARMs’ transmittance in the infrared wavelength range by using direct laser writing in burst mode. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Femtosecond Laser-Induced Microfabrication)
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10 pages, 19545 KiB  
Communication
Cleavage-Driven Laser Writing in Monocrystalline Diamond
by Vitali V. Kononenko, Evgeny V. Zavedeev, Taras V. Kononenko, Vladimir V. Bukin and Vitaly I. Konov
Photonics 2023, 10(1), 43; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics10010043 - 31 Dec 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1133
Abstract
The propagation of graphitization wave through the diamond bulk under multipulse laser irradiation is a largely self-guided process. This fact assists the production of graphitized wires oriented along a laser beam and greatly complicates formation of the structures oriented differently. Here, we develop [...] Read more.
The propagation of graphitization wave through the diamond bulk under multipulse laser irradiation is a largely self-guided process. This fact assists the production of graphitized wires oriented along a laser beam and greatly complicates formation of the structures oriented differently. Here, we develop new approaches to control laser graphitization that should empower the potential of 3D laser microstructuring inside a diamond crystal. Two techniques are investigated: (i) a laser seed damage of crystal with subsequent exposure at a lower laser fluence, thus restricting the propagation of the graphitization wave toward the beam and (ii) formation of a dominant microfracture perpendicular to the laser beam, thus guiding growth of the graphitized thread. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Femtosecond Laser-Induced Microfabrication)
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