Privileged Structures as Leads in Medicinal Chemistry 2023

A special issue of Pharmaceuticals (ISSN 1424-8247). This special issue belongs to the section "Medicinal Chemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 May 2023) | Viewed by 5415

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland
Interests: synthesis; inorganic chemistry; medicinal chemistry; biochemistry; bioinorganic chemistry; metal complexes; cancer; phosphine; magnetic delivery system; drug carriers; nanoparticles
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Guest Editor
Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland
Interests: synthesis; inorganic chemistry; medicinal chemistry; bioinorganic chemistry; metal complexes; cancer; phosphine; magnetic delivery system; drug carriers; nanoparticles; cancer drug

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Over the past few years, the privileged structure concept has emerged as a fruitful and interesting approach to the discovery of new biologically active molecules. Privileged structures are molecular scaffolds with various binding properties. Single scaffolds, owing to the modification of functional groups, are usually able to provide potent and selective ligands for a range of different biological targets. In addition, privileged structures typically exhibit good drug-like properties, which in turn lead to more drug-like compound libraries and leads. Nobel laureate James Whyte Black said that “the most fruitful basis for the discovery of a new drug is to start with an old”. The use of privileged structure scaffolds in medicinal chemistry embraces James Black’s statement, and despite numerous debates amongst medicinal chemists regarding the validity of the concept within drug discovery, it persists and continues to grow in popularity.

This “Privileged Structures as Leads in Medicinal Chemistry 2023” Special Issue welcomes articles addressing the synthesis, characterization, and application of privileged structures, both in traditional medicinal chemistry and in the design of focused libraries. Work that proposes new strategies that can lead to the discovery of new drugs is also welcome, and the identification as well as use of privileged structures, including molecular fragments that are able to interact with more than one target, are of particular interest.

Dr. Urszula K. Komarnicka
Dr. Sandra Kozieł
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • medicinal chemistry
  • privileged structures
  • molecular targets
  • drugs
  • biological activity

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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21 pages, 3643 KiB  
Article
Antibacterial Properties of Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles Modified with Fluoroquinolones and Copper or Silver Species
by Maider Ugalde-Arbizu, John Jairo Aguilera-Correa, Eider San Sebastian, Paulina L. Páez, Estela Nogales, Jaime Esteban and Santiago Gómez-Ruiz
Pharmaceuticals 2023, 16(7), 961; https://doi.org/10.3390/ph16070961 - 05 Jul 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1540
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance is a global problem and bacterial biofilms contribute to its development. In this context, this study aimed to perform the synthesis and characterization of seven materials based on silica mesoporous nanoparticles functionalized with three types of fluoroquinolones, along with Cu2+ [...] Read more.
Antibiotic resistance is a global problem and bacterial biofilms contribute to its development. In this context, this study aimed to perform the synthesis and characterization of seven materials based on silica mesoporous nanoparticles functionalized with three types of fluoroquinolones, along with Cu2+ or Ag+ species to evaluate the antibacterial properties against Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, including clinical and multi-drug-resistant strains of S. aureus and P. aeruginosa. In addition, in order to obtain an effective material to promote wound healing, a well-known proliferative agent, phenytoin sodium, was adsorbed onto one of the silver-functionalized materials. Furthermore, biofilm studies and the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were also carried out to determine the antibacterial potential of the synthesized materials. In this sense, the Cu2+ materials showed antibacterial activity against S. aureus and E. coli, potentially due to increased ROS generation (up to 3 times), whereas the Ag+ materials exhibited a broader spectrum of activity, even inhibiting clinical strains of MRSA and P. aeruginosa. In particular, the Ag+ material with phenytoin sodium showed the ability to reduce biofilm development by up to 55% and inhibit bacterial growth in a “wound-like medium” by up to 89.33%. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Privileged Structures as Leads in Medicinal Chemistry 2023)
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26 pages, 21117 KiB  
Article
Rapid and Efficient Access to Novel Bio-Inspired 3-Dimensional Tricyclic SpiroLactams as Privileged Structures via Meyers’ Lactamization
by Salia Tangara, Léo Faïon, Catherine Piveteau, Frédéric Capet, Romain Godelier, Marion Michel, Marion Flipo, Benoit Deprez, Nicolas Willand and Baptiste Villemagne
Pharmaceuticals 2023, 16(3), 413; https://doi.org/10.3390/ph16030413 - 08 Mar 2023
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Abstract
The concept of privileged structure has been used as a fruitful approach for the discovery of novel biologically active molecules. A privileged structure is defined as a semi-rigid scaffold able to display substituents in multiple spatial directions and capable of providing potent and [...] Read more.
The concept of privileged structure has been used as a fruitful approach for the discovery of novel biologically active molecules. A privileged structure is defined as a semi-rigid scaffold able to display substituents in multiple spatial directions and capable of providing potent and selective ligands for different biological targets through the modification of those substituents. On average, these backbones tend to exhibit improved drug-like properties and therefore represent attractive starting points for hit-to-lead optimization programs. This article promotes the rapid, reliable, and efficient synthesis of novel, highly 3-dimensional, and easily functionalized bio-inspired tricyclic spirolactams, as well as an analysis of their drug-like properties. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Privileged Structures as Leads in Medicinal Chemistry 2023)
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Review

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43 pages, 6339 KiB  
Review
Indol-3-ylglyoxylamide as Privileged Scaffold in Medicinal Chemistry
by Elisabetta Barresi, Marco Robello, Emma Baglini, Valeria Poggetti, Monica Viviano, Silvia Salerno, Federico Da Settimo and Sabrina Taliani
Pharmaceuticals 2023, 16(7), 997; https://doi.org/10.3390/ph16070997 - 12 Jul 2023
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Abstract
In recent years, indolylglyoxylamide-based derivatives have received much attention due to their application in drug design and discovery, leading to the development of a wide array of compounds that have shown a variety of pharmacological activities. Combining the indole nucleus, already validated as [...] Read more.
In recent years, indolylglyoxylamide-based derivatives have received much attention due to their application in drug design and discovery, leading to the development of a wide array of compounds that have shown a variety of pharmacological activities. Combining the indole nucleus, already validated as a “privileged structure,” with the glyoxylamide function allowed for an excellent template to be obtained that is suitable to a great number of structural modifications aimed at permitting interaction with specific molecular targets and producing desirable therapeutic effects. The present review provides insight into how medicinal chemists have elegantly exploited the indolylglyoxylamide moiety to obtain potentially useful drugs, with a particular focus on compounds exhibiting activity in in vivo models or reaching clinical trials. All in all, this information provides exciting new perspectives on existing data that can be useful in further design of indolylglyoxylamide-based molecules with interesting pharmacological profiles. The aim of this report is to present an update of collection data dealing with the employment of this moiety in the rational design of compounds that are able to interact with a specific target, referring to the last 20 years. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Privileged Structures as Leads in Medicinal Chemistry 2023)
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