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Pathogens
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Avian Virus Infection
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Avian Virus Infection

A special issue of Pathogens (ISSN 2076-0817). This special issue belongs to the section "Viral Pathogens".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 October 2024 | Viewed by 2496

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Vishwanatha R.A.P. Reddy

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Poultry Viruses Group, School of Life Sciences, Keele University, Keele, UK
Interests: pathogenesis; vaccines; innate immunity; adaptive immunity; epidemiology
Dr. Yongxiu Yao

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
The Pirbright Institute, Pirbright GU24 0NE, UK
Interests: molecular virology; viral oncogenesis; viral latency/reactivation; vectored vaccines
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Important avian viruses that affect the poultry industry or overall avian health are the main focus points of this Special Issue. Common endemic, emerging, immunosuppressive, and zoonotic avian viruses include infectious laryngotracheitis virus (ILTV), infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), Marek’s disease virus (MDV), infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV), chicken infectious anaemia virus (CIAV), Newcastle disease virus (NDV), and avian influenza virus (AIV). In addition, common vectored vaccines are based on avian viruses, such as the herpesvirus of turkeys (HVT), NDV, etc., which are effective against pathogenic avian viral infections. Furthermore, this Special Issue focuses on wide areas of research, such as pathogenesis, innate immunity, adaptive immunity, vaccinology, and epidemiology.

Dr. Vishwanatha R.A.P. Reddy
Dr. Yongxiu Yao
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Pathogens is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • endemic viruses
  • emerging viruses
  • respiratory viruses
  • immunosuppressive viruses
  • vectored vaccines

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

16 pages, 1134 KiB  
Article
Genetic Analysis of H5N1 High-Pathogenicity Avian Influenza Virus following a Mass Mortality Event in Wild Geese on the Solway Firth
by Craig S. Ross, Alexander M. P. Byrne, Sahar Mahmood, Saumya Thomas, Scott Reid, Lorna Freath, Larry R. Griffin, Marco Falchieri, Paul Holmes, Nick Goldsmith, Jessica M. Shaw, Alastair MacGugan, James Aegerter, Rowena Hansen, Ian H. Brown and Ashley C. Banyard
Pathogens 2024, 13(1), 83; https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens13010083 - 17 Jan 2024
Viewed by 2318
Abstract
The United Kingdom (UK) and Europe have seen successive outbreaks of H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b high-pathogenicity avian influenza virus (HPAIV) since 2020 peaking in the autumn/winter periods. During the 2021/22 season, a mass die-off event of Svalbard Barnacle Geese (Branta leucopsis) was [...] Read more.
The United Kingdom (UK) and Europe have seen successive outbreaks of H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b high-pathogenicity avian influenza virus (HPAIV) since 2020 peaking in the autumn/winter periods. During the 2021/22 season, a mass die-off event of Svalbard Barnacle Geese (Branta leucopsis) was observed on the Solway Firth, a body of water on the west coast border between England and Scotland. This area is used annually by Barnacle Geese to over-winter, before returning to Svalbard to breed. Following initial identification of HPAIV in a Barnacle Goose on 8 November 2021, up to 32% of the total Barnacle Goose population may have succumbed to disease by the end of March 2022, along with other wild bird species in the area. Potential adaptation of the HPAIV to the Barnacle Goose population within this event was evaluated. Whole-genome sequencing of thirty-three HPAIV isolates from wild bird species demonstrated that there had been two distinct incursions of the virus, but the two viruses had remained genetically stable within the population, whilst viruses from infected wild birds were closely related to those from poultry cases occurring in the same region. Analysis of sera from the following year demonstrated that a high percentage (76%) of returning birds had developed antibodies to H5 AIV. This study demonstrates genetic stability of this strain of HPAIV in wild Anseriformes, and that, at the population scale, whilst there is a significant impact on survival, a high proportion of birds recover following infection. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Avian Virus Infection)
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