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Nanomaterials
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New Frontiers of Nanoscale Friction
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New Frontiers of Nanoscale Friction

A special issue of Nanomaterials (ISSN 2079-4991). This special issue belongs to the section "Theory and Simulation of Nanostructures".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 November 2022) | Viewed by 11987

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Jinjin Li

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
Interests: friction; superlubricity; nanotribology; interface

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Nanomaterials and novel engineered nanotechnology have great potential to improve users’ quality of life when used in applications across a variety of industries and consumer products. This Special Issue, “New Frontiers of Nanoscale Friction”, focuses on publishing research works related to nanotribology, including all friction, lubrication and wear phenomena and mechanisms. Nanotribology is defined as a fundamental research field of tribology viewed from the perspective of atoms and molecules.

Original, high-quality research papers and review articles on all aspects of nanotribology are welcome, including, but not limited to, a variety of topics, such as: the origin of friction theories, new phenomena of friction, friction at the nanoscale, ultra-low friction and superlubricity, wear materials and mechanism, surface coatings and modification, etc.

Prof. Dr. Jinjin Li
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nanomaterials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • friction
  • wear
  • superlubricity
  • interface
  • coating
  • tribofilm
  • nanoscale

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

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11 pages, 5359 KiB  
Article
Probing the Conductive and Tribological Behaviors of Solid Additives in Multiply Alkylated Cyclopentanes for Sliding Electrical Contact
by Zhengfeng Cao, Qiuyu Shi, Xiangyu Ge, Shuliang Liu, Bo Wei and Ting Wang
Nanomaterials 2022, 12(15), 2707; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano12152707 - 06 Aug 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1187
Abstract
Sliding electrical contacts need to be lubricated by conductive lubricants to perform low energy dissipation, high reliability, and long service life. This work studied the thermal stability, anti-corrosion capacity, and conductive, and tribological behaviors of several solid additives in multiply alkylated cyclopentanes (MACs), [...] Read more.
Sliding electrical contacts need to be lubricated by conductive lubricants to perform low energy dissipation, high reliability, and long service life. This work studied the thermal stability, anti-corrosion capacity, and conductive, and tribological behaviors of several solid additives in multiply alkylated cyclopentanes (MACs), including carbon nanotubes (CNTs), multilayer graphene (MG), and silver microparticles. The results showed that all the additives possessed favorable thermal stability and corrosion resistance; in particular, CNTs and MG exhibited lower and more stable electrical contact resistance (ECR) and better lubricity abilities than Ag microparticles. Moreover, based on the characterization of the worn surfaces and the film thickness calculation, the favorable conductive and tribological properties of CNTs and MG were related to the high conductivity and specific structure of the additives and the good chemical inertness of MACs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Frontiers of Nanoscale Friction)
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14 pages, 2911 KiB  
Article
Regulation Mechanism for Friction Coefficient of Poly(vinylphosphoric acid) (PVPA) Superlubricity System Based on Ionic Properties
by Mengmeng Liu, Lihui Wang, Caixia Zhang, Yanhong Cheng, Congbin Yang and Zhifeng Liu
Nanomaterials 2022, 12(13), 2308; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano12132308 - 05 Jul 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1415
Abstract
Adjustable lubrication aims to achieve active control of the relative motion of the friction interface, providing a new idea for intelligent operation. A new phenomenon of sudden changes of friction coefficient (COF) in the poly(vinylphosphoric acid) (PVPA) superlubricity system by mixing different lubricants, [...] Read more.
Adjustable lubrication aims to achieve active control of the relative motion of the friction interface, providing a new idea for intelligent operation. A new phenomenon of sudden changes of friction coefficient (COF) in the poly(vinylphosphoric acid) (PVPA) superlubricity system by mixing different lubricants, was found in this study. It was found that anions were the critical factor for the COF change. The change degrees of the COF were investigated by a universal micro tribometer (UMT). A quartz crystal microbalance (QCM)-D was used to analyze the adsorption quantity of anions on the PVPA surface. The hydratability of the PVPA interface was controlled by changing the anionic properties (the amount of charge and structure), thus regulating the COF. The adsorption difference of anions is an important reasoning of how anionic properties can regulate the hydratability. It was analyzed by molecular dynamics simulation. For anions carrying different numbers of charges or double bonds, the adsorption quantity of anions was mainly affected by the adsorption degree on the PVPA surface, while the adsorption quantity of anions with different molecular configuration was synergistically regulated by the adsorption degree and adsorption area of anions on the PVPA surface. This work can be used to develop smart surfaces for applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Frontiers of Nanoscale Friction)
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10 pages, 3064 KiB  
Article
Lubrication Performances of Polyalkylene Glycols at Steel Interface under External Electric Fields
by Xiangyu Ge, Xiaodong Wu, Qiuyu Shi and Wenzhong Wang
Nanomaterials 2022, 12(12), 2067; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano12122067 - 15 Jun 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1334
Abstract
This work studied the lubrication performances of polyalkylene glycols, which are insulating oils, at the steel interface under external electric fields. The results show that external electric fields greatly affect the lubrication performances of polyalkylene glycols, and there is an optimal voltage (−1.0 [...] Read more.
This work studied the lubrication performances of polyalkylene glycols, which are insulating oils, at the steel interface under external electric fields. The results show that external electric fields greatly affect the lubrication performances of polyalkylene glycols, and there is an optimal voltage (−1.0 V) for the improvement in friction reduction performance. The surface analysis and experiment results indicate that the polyalkylene glycol adsorption film and the reduction in the amount of FexOy and FeOOH in the tribochemical film contribute to improved friction performance under the negative voltage condition. This work proves that the lubrication performances of insulating oils can be affected by external electric fields as well. A lubrication model was proposed, hoping to provide a basic understanding of the lubrication mechanisms of ether-bond-containing insulating oils in the electric environment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Frontiers of Nanoscale Friction)
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13 pages, 4141 KiB  
Article
Using Green, Economical, Efficient Two-Dimensional (2D) Talc Nanosheets as Lubricant Additives under Harsh Conditions
by Jun Zhao, Tong Gao, Jie Dang, Weiyu Cao, Ziqi Wang, Shuangxi Li and Yijun Shi
Nanomaterials 2022, 12(10), 1666; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano12101666 - 13 May 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1642
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials have attracted much attention for lubrication enhancement of grease. It is difficult to disperse nanosheets in viscous grease and the lubrication performances of grease under harsh conditions urgently need to be improved. In this study, the 2D talc nanosheets are [...] Read more.
Two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials have attracted much attention for lubrication enhancement of grease. It is difficult to disperse nanosheets in viscous grease and the lubrication performances of grease under harsh conditions urgently need to be improved. In this study, the 2D talc nanosheets are modified by a silane coupling agent with the assistance of high-energy ball milling, which can stably disperse in grease. The thickness and size of the talc nanosheet are about 20 nm and 2 µm. The silane coupling agent is successfully grafted on the surface of talc. Using the modified-talc nanosheet, the coefficient of friction and wear depth can be reduced by 40% and 66% under high temperature (150 °C) and high load (3.5 GPa), respectively. The enhancement of the lubrication and anti-wear performance is attributed to the boundary adsorbed tribofilm of talc achieving a repairing effect of the friction interfaces, the repairing effect of talc on the friction interfaces. This work provides green, economical guidance for developing natural lubricant additives and has great potential in sustainable lubrication. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Frontiers of Nanoscale Friction)
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Review

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16 pages, 2238 KiB  
Review
A Review of Nanomaterials with Different Dimensions as Lubricant Additives
by Wenwen Liu, Xiaoxi Qiao, Shida Liu and Ping Chen
Nanomaterials 2022, 12(21), 3780; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano12213780 - 27 Oct 2022
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 2187
Abstract
Lubricant additives can effectively enhance the performance and environmental adaptability of lubricants and reduce the energy loss and machine wear caused by friction. Nanomaterials, as important additive materials, have an essential role in the research and development of new lubricants, whose lubrication performances [...] Read more.
Lubricant additives can effectively enhance the performance and environmental adaptability of lubricants and reduce the energy loss and machine wear caused by friction. Nanomaterials, as important additive materials, have an essential role in the research and development of new lubricants, whose lubrication performances and mechanisms are not only related to their physical and chemical properties, but also influenced by the geometric shape. In this paper, the friction reduction and antiwear performances of nanomaterials as lubricant additives are first reviewed according to the classification of the dimensions, and their lubrication mechanisms and influence rules are revealed. Second, the recent research progress of composite nanomaterials as lubrication additives is introduced, focusing on their synergistic mechanism to improve the lubrication performance further. Finally, we briefly discuss the challenges faced by nanoadditives and provide an outlook on future research. The review expects to provide new ideas for the selection and development of lubricant additives to expand the application of nanoadditives. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Frontiers of Nanoscale Friction)
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18 pages, 8029 KiB  
Review
Multilayer Coatings for Tribology: A Mini Review
by Yanfei Liu, Shengtao Yu, Qiuyu Shi, Xiangyu Ge and Wenzhong Wang
Nanomaterials 2022, 12(9), 1388; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano12091388 - 19 Apr 2022
Cited by 26 | Viewed by 3484
Abstract
Friction and wear usually lead to huge energy loss and failure of machine pairs, which usually causes great economic losses. Researchers have made great efforts to reduce energy dissipation and enhance durability through advanced lubrication technologies. Single-layer coatings have been applied in many [...] Read more.
Friction and wear usually lead to huge energy loss and failure of machine pairs, which usually causes great economic losses. Researchers have made great efforts to reduce energy dissipation and enhance durability through advanced lubrication technologies. Single-layer coatings have been applied in many sectors of engineering, but the performance of single-layer coatings still has many limitations. One solution to overcome these limitations is to use a multilayer coating that combines different components with varied physical and chemical properties. In addition, multilayer coating with alternating layers only containing two components can lead to improved performance compared to a coating with only two different layers. This paper systematically reviews the design concept and properties of different types of multilayer coatings, including transition-metal nitride coatings, diamond-like carbon-based coatings, and other multilayer coatings. The inherent functional mechanisms of the multilayer structures are also detailed and discussed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Frontiers of Nanoscale Friction)
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