Nanotechnologies for Diagnostic, Conservation and Restoration of Cultural Heritage

A special issue of Nanomaterials (ISSN 2079-4991). This special issue belongs to the section "Environmental Nanoscience and Nanotechnology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2023) | Viewed by 7222

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Institute for the Study of Nanostructured Materials – National Council of Research (ISMN-CNR), Area della Ricerca Roma1, via Salaria km 29.5, 00015 Monterotondo, Italy
Interests: cultural heritage; ceramics; glasses; lusters; mortars; pigments; oxides; nanomaterials; nanotechnology; synchrotron radiation; X-ray photo electron spectroscopy; scanning electron microscopy; atomic force microscopy; built heritage
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Nanomaterials and nanotechnologies in the last few decades have generated an increased interest in the cultural heritage community due to their unique characteristics and advantages. The synergy of a multidisciplinary approach from different areas of knowledge and the dialogue with conservators and restorers is a key factor for achieving reliable and durable results in the protection of our historical past, with the development and use of advanced diagnostic techniques to assess criticalities and cutting-edge materials for solving these issues.

Today, there is a widespread use of such nanomaterials and the application of nanotechnologies or characterization techniques at the nanoscale to study, maintain, and consolidate artifacts, works of art, objects, monuments and intangible attributes that convey artistic, historical, or anthropological values.

The objective of this Special Issue is to collect contributions on the latest advances in research to increase and safeguard cultural heritage. The Special Issue is dedicated to the publication of original work from scientists and academic and professional conservators and restorers who are involved in the conservation, restoration, and consolidation of cultural heritage, highlighting the use of nanomaterials and nanotechnology in case studies and applying lab-scale available techniques, advanced methods from neutron sources and  X-ray spectroscopy; using, among others, in-situ techniques, environmental sustainable solutions and contributions from case histories. We hereby invite and encourage all experts in these multidisciplinary fields to submit their contributions.

To acknowledge your important contribution in these fields, we would like to warmly invite you to submit a manuscript for consideration in the “Nanotechnologies for Diagnostic, Conservation, and Restoration of Cultural Heritage” Special Issue.

Dr. Giuseppina Padeletti
Prof. Dr. João Pedro Veiga
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • Nanomaterials
  • Nanotechnology
  • Cultural Heritage
  • Synchrotron Radiation
  • Neutron Sources
  • Glasses
  • Ceramics
  • Metals
  • Stones
  • Mortars
  • Ageing
  • Degradation
  • Archaeometry
  • Geoarchaeology
  • Conservation and Restoration

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

18 pages, 16266 KiB  
Article
New Perspectives for the Consolidation of Mural Paintings in Hypogea with an Innovative Aqueous Nanolime Dispersion, Characterized by Compatible, Sustainable, and Eco-Friendly Features
by Sara Iafrate, Giancarlo Sidoti, Filippo Edoardo Capasso, Manuel Giandomenico, Sokol Muca, Valeria Daniele and Giuliana Taglieri
Nanomaterials 2023, 13(2), 317; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13020317 - 12 Jan 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1686
Abstract
Consolidation of mural paintings in hypogea is challenging because of their severe microclimatic conditions, characterized by high humidity levels, low air circulation, the presence of salts efflorescence, and the detrimental growth of biodeteriogen agents. Traditional consolidant products show significant drawbacks when used in [...] Read more.
Consolidation of mural paintings in hypogea is challenging because of their severe microclimatic conditions, characterized by high humidity levels, low air circulation, the presence of salts efflorescence, and the detrimental growth of biodeteriogen agents. Traditional consolidant products show significant drawbacks when used in hypogeum. Organic compounds, such as acrylic emulsions, are bio-receptive and some inorganic consolidants, such as silica-based products, show a lack of compatibility with the original substrate, which could lead to a reduction in permeability and an increase in the mechanical resistance of the external layer. The presence of solvents in their formulations, particularly short-chain alcohols that can activate germination of fungal spores, leads to the release of great amounts of volatile organic compounds, which are particularly harmful in the hypogeic environment. To solve these problems, restorers of the Istituto Centrale per il Restauro (ICR) decided to use a new aqueous nanolime dispersion, NANOLAQ, consisting of pure and crystalline Ca(OH)2 nanoparticles dispersed in water, produced by an innovative and sustainable patented procedure. After laboratory testing, the product has been applied on site, on a medieval mural painting in the Ss. Peter and Paul hypogeum in the UNESCO site of Matera (Italy), monitoring the performance in terms of cohesion of the paint layer and preservation of aesthetic features. Full article
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14 pages, 5131 KiB  
Article
Antifouling Mortars for Underwater Restoration
by Michela Ricca, Silvestro Antonio Ruffolo, Mauro Francesco La Russa, Concetta Rispoli, Celestino Grifa, Aranzazu Sierra-Fernández, Rafael Fort and Luciana Randazzo
Nanomaterials 2022, 12(9), 1498; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano12091498 - 28 Apr 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1605
Abstract
This research has focused on the assessment of the compositional features and mechanical and antifouling performances of two different mortars formulated for an underwater setting, and which contain Mg(OH)2 as an antifouling agent. Regarding the mechanical characterization, the uniaxial compressive strength and [...] Read more.
This research has focused on the assessment of the compositional features and mechanical and antifouling performances of two different mortars formulated for an underwater setting, and which contain Mg(OH)2 as an antifouling agent. Regarding the mechanical characterization, the uniaxial compressive strength and flexural strength were measured. The composition of the materials was explored by differential thermal/thermogravimetric analysis (DTA-TG), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRPD), and scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) coupled with EDS microanalysis. The assessment of the biological colonization was evaluated with colorimetric analysis and image analysis. The results suggest that both mortars have good mechanical resistance once set underwater. Moreover, the adding of Mg(OH)2 improves the resistance toward biofouling; this was observed both in laboratory and sea-exposed specimens. Full article
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13 pages, 1589 KiB  
Article
Novel Nano-Filled Coatings for the Protection of Built Heritage Stone Surfaces
by Mariateresa Lettieri, Maurizio Masieri and Mariaenrica Frigione
Nanomaterials 2021, 11(2), 301; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11020301 - 25 Jan 2021
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2539
Abstract
An experimental nano-filled coating, based on a fluorine resin containing SiO2 nano-particles, was applied on calcareous stones, representative of materials used in buildings and monuments of the Mediterranean basin; for comparison purposes, two commercial products were applied on the same substrates. The [...] Read more.
An experimental nano-filled coating, based on a fluorine resin containing SiO2 nano-particles, was applied on calcareous stones, representative of materials used in buildings and monuments of the Mediterranean basin; for comparison purposes, two commercial products were applied on the same substrates. The efficacy of the protective treatments was assessed by analyzing different characteristics of the three experimental/commercial products, i.e., color changes and permeability to water vapor to evaluate the treatments’ harmlessness; capillary water absorption and water stone contact angle to evaluate the protection against water ingress; oleophobicity of the treated surfaces and the behavior under staining by acrylic blue-colored spray paint and felt-tip marker to verify the anti-graffiti action. Finally, the properties of the treated stone surfaces were analyzed also after the application of pancreatin, used to simulate bird excreta (guano). The protective coatings were found to promote graffiti removal, reducing also the detrimental effects due to simulated guano. The experimental nano-filled product, in addition, was able to provide outstanding performance but using smaller amounts of product in comparison to commercial systems. Full article
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