Toxicity of Nanoparticles to Humans and the Environment

A special issue of Nanomaterials (ISSN 2079-4991). This special issue belongs to the section "Environmental Nanoscience and Nanotechnology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 15 October 2024 | Viewed by 1064

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Science, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
Interests: nanomaterial properties; reactivity; toxicity; solubility; bio-nano interactions
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
Department of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, University of Malta, Msida, Malta
Interests: nanomaterials; environmental transformations; nanomaterial characterisation; nanomaterial synthesis
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Nanoparticles are widely applied in fields such as electronics, medicine, chemicals and food on account of their distinctive physical, chemical, and biological properties. The tiny size of nanoparticles may result in interactions with molecules and cells that are more complex and unpredictable. Therefore, concerns have been raised about their influences and potential risks to both human well-being and the surrounding environment, leading to discussions about nanotoxicology and the safety of nanoparticles.

This Special Issue aims to discuss methods for evaluating nanotoxicity (e.g., in vitro cell models, animal models, and computational models) to understand the distribution, transformation, bio–nano interactions, and metabolism of nanoparticles. Furthermore, this Special Issue also focuses on predicting, detecting, treating, and assessing the risk of using toxic nanoparticles. We are pleased to invite authors to contribute original research articles or review articles regarding (but not limited to) the following aspects:

  • factors affecting the toxicity of nanoparticles;
  • different analytical techniques, experimental and theoretical approaches and methods to evaluate the toxicity mechanisms of nanoparticles;
  • ecotoxicity evaluation;
  • neurotoxicity, immunotoxicity, genotoxicity, cytotoxicity etc.;
  • environmental and risk assessment;
  • safer guidance for the design and fabrication of nanoparticles.

Prof. Dr. Eugenia Valsami-Jones
Dr. Sophie Marie Briffa
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • nanotoxicology
  • nanosafety
  • biocompatibility
  • environment/risk assessment
  • engineered nanomaterials

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

17 pages, 1886 KiB  
Article
Oro-Respiratory Dysbiosis and Its Modulatory Effect on Lung Mucosal Toxicity during Exposure or Co-Exposure to Carbon Nanotubes and Cigarette Smoke
by Brijesh Yadav, Sukanta S. Bhattacharya, Lauren Rosen, Ravinder Nagpal, Hariom Yadav and Jagjit S. Yadav
Nanomaterials 2024, 14(3), 314; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano14030314 - 04 Feb 2024
Viewed by 869
Abstract
The oro-respiratory microbiome is impacted by inhalable exposures such as smoking and has been associated with respiratory health conditions. However, the effect of emerging toxicants, particularly engineered nanoparticles, alone or in co-exposure with smoking, is poorly understood. Here, we investigated the impact of [...] Read more.
The oro-respiratory microbiome is impacted by inhalable exposures such as smoking and has been associated with respiratory health conditions. However, the effect of emerging toxicants, particularly engineered nanoparticles, alone or in co-exposure with smoking, is poorly understood. Here, we investigated the impact of sub-chronic exposure to carbon nanotube (CNT) particles, cigarette smoke extract (CSE), and their combination. The oral, nasal, and lung microbiomes were characterized using 16S rRNA-based metagenomics. The exposures caused the following shifts in lung microbiota: CNT led to a change from Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes to Firmicutes and Tenericutes; CSE caused a shift from Proteobacteria to Bacteroidetes; and co-exposure (CNT+CSE) had a mixed effect, maintaining higher numbers of Bacteroidetes (due to the CNT effect) and Tenericutes (due to the CSE effect) compared to the control group. Oral microbiome analysis revealed an abundance of the following genera: Acinetobacter (CNT), Staphylococcus, Aggregatibacter, Allobaculum, and Streptococcus (CSE), and Alkalibacterium (CNT+CSE). These proinflammatory microbial shifts correlated with changes in the relative expression of lung mucosal homeostasis/defense proteins, viz., aquaporin 1 (AQP-1), surfactant protein A (SP-A), mucin 5b (MUC5B), and IgA. Microbiota depletion reversed these perturbations, albeit to a varying extent, confirming the modulatory role of oro-respiratory dysbiosis in lung mucosal toxicity. This is the first demonstration of specific oro-respiratory microbiome constituents as potential modifiers of toxicant effects in exposed lungs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Toxicity of Nanoparticles to Humans and the Environment)
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