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Dear Colleagues,

In 2001, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and the WHO defined probiotics as “live microorganisms, which, when administered in adequate amounts, confer a health benefit on the host”. This definition, which used the term “host”, overcame the previous definitions, enlarging the applicable range of these microorganisms to not only humans, but also to plants. While human probiotics are well known for their beneficial effects (such as cholesterol reduction, inhibition of carcinogenesis, maintenance of urogenital and gastrointestinal tract health, modulation of the immune system, as well as many other functions), plant probiotics are microorganisms that are able to improve plant nutrient acquisition, suppress soil-borne diseases, and increase the tolerance of plants to environmental stresses. Several studies have been published pertaining to the selection, identification, and characterization of human and plant probiotics, and to their impact on the host. However, once probiotics are introduced into the host, pre-existing balances among the resident members of the microbiota are interrupted, and new, intricate and complex interactions, involving the host, the environment and the probiotics, are created. Many open questions remain regarding how the microbial community is altered after the use of human and plant probiotics (intended both as single strain or artificial consortia) within the autochthonous microbiome. This Special Issue accepts original research, perspectives, minireviews, commentaries, and opinion papers that aim to fill in this gap of knowledge.

Dr. Elisa Gamalero
Dr. Elisa Bona
Dr. Giorgia Novello
Dr. Francesco Vuolo
Guest Editors

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Keywords

plant microbiome
plant-microbe interactions
human microbiome
gut microflora
resident microflora

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Review

26 pages, 1907 KiB

Open AccessReview

Impact of Plant-Beneficial Bacterial Inocula on the Resident Bacteriome: Current Knowledge and Future Perspectives

by Francesco Vuolo, Giorgia Novello, Elisa Bona, Susanna Gorrasi and Elisa Gamalero

Microorganisms 2022, 10(12), 2462; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10122462 - 13 Dec 2022

Cited by 10 | Viewed by 2193

Abstract

The inoculation of plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) as biofertilizers is one of the most efficient and sustainable strategies of rhizosphere manipulation leading to increased plant biomass and yield and improved plant health, as well as the ameliorated nutritional value of fruits and edible seeds. During the last decades, exciting, but heterogeneous, results have been obtained growing PGPB inoculated plants under controlled, stressful, and open field conditions. On the other hand, the possible impact of the PGPB deliberate release on the resident microbiota has been less explored and the little available information is contradictory. This review aims at filling this gap: after a brief description of the main mechanisms used by PGPB, we focus our attention on the process of PGPB selection and formulation and we provide some information on the EU regulation for microbial inocula. Then, the concept of PGPB inocula as a tool for rhizosphere engineering is introduced and the possible impact of bacterial inoculant on native bacterial communities is discussed, focusing on those bacterial species that are included in the EU regulation and on other promising bacterial species that are not yet included in the EU regulation. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Plant and Human Probiotics: Consequences on the Autochthonous Microbiota)

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