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Microorganisms
Special Issues
Microbe-Host Interaction in Health or Disease in Aquaculture Species
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Microbe-Host Interaction in Health or Disease in Aquaculture Species

A special issue of Microorganisms (ISSN 2076-2607). This special issue belongs to the section "Veterinary Microbiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 October 2023) | Viewed by 2017

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Jaime Romero

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Laboratorio de Biotecnología, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Macul, Santiago 7810000, Chile
Interests: diet-microbiota-host interaction; nutrition; aditives; probiotics; antibiotics; health; sustainable aquaculture
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Rodrigo Rojas

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Laboratorio de Patobiología Acuática, Departamento de Acuicultura, Universidad Católica del Norte, Coquimbo 1780000, Chile
Interests: virulence factors; pathogenic vibrio; probiotics; antibiotics; larvae hatchery

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Aquaculture, the farming of aquatic organisms, plays a vital role in meeting the ever-expanding demand for seafood worldwide. As the industry continues to expand, it faces numerous challenges, including maintaining the health and well-being of cultured species. One crucial aspect that significantly influences the success of aquaculture operations is the interaction between diet and the host species.

This Special Issue aims to delve into the fascinating field of diet–host interaction in aquaculture species, exploring the complex relationships between dietary components and the microbiota, impacting on the performance of fish, mollusks, and other aquatic organisms. The collection of papers included in this Special Issue presents cutting-edge research and novel insights into the diverse aspects of this interaction, encompassing both fundamental and applied studies.

The contributions within this Special Issue cover a wide range of topics, including, but not limited to, microbiota studies and its modulation via feed formulation/functional feeds, dietary impacts on growth and development, immune modulation through diet, and mucosa health, including the gut, gills and skin. These studies shed light on the mechanisms that underlie the diet–host interaction and provide valuable information for the development of sustainable aquaculture practices.

We hope that this Special Issue will serve as a platform for researchers, aquaculture professionals, and policymakers to exchange knowledge, share innovations, and promote advancements in understanding the diet–microbiota–host interaction in aquaculture species. Ultimately, this research can contribute to the development of evidence-based strategies to enhance the health and productivity of farmed aquatic organisms, ensuring a sustainable and resilient aquaculture industry for the future.

Dr. Jaime Romero
Dr. Rodrigo Rojas
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Microorganisms is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • diet–microbiota–host interaction
  • nutrition
  • additives
  • probiotics
  • antibiotics
  • health
  • sustainable aquaculture

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

13 pages, 1560 KiB  
Article
Lysin and Lytic Phages Reduce Vibrio Counts in Live Feed and Fish Larvae
by Jaime Romero, Sergueia Blas-Chumacero, Victoria Urzúa, Alejandro Villasante, Rafael Opazo, Felipe Gajardo, Claudio D. Miranda and Rodrigo Rojas
Microorganisms 2024, 12(5), 904; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12050904 - 30 Apr 2024
Viewed by 531
Abstract
Vibrio species are naturally found in estuarine and marine ecosystems, but are also recognized as significant human enteropathogens, often linked to seafood-related illnesses. In aquaculture settings, Vibrio poses a substantial risk of infectious diseases, resulting in considerable stock losses and prompting the use [...] Read more.
Vibrio species are naturally found in estuarine and marine ecosystems, but are also recognized as significant human enteropathogens, often linked to seafood-related illnesses. In aquaculture settings, Vibrio poses a substantial risk of infectious diseases, resulting in considerable stock losses and prompting the use of antimicrobials. However, this practice contributes to the proliferation of antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) bacteria and resistance genes. Our investigation aimed to explore the potential of biological agents such as bacteriophage CH20 and endolysin LysVPp1 in reducing Vibrio bacterial loads in both rotifer and fish larvae. LysVPp1’s lytic activity was assessed by measuring absorbance reduction against various pathogenic Vibrio strains. Phage CH20 exhibited a limited host range, affecting only Vibrio alginolyticus GV09, a highly pathogenic strain. Both CH20 and LysVPp1 were evaluated for their effectiveness in reducing Vibrio load in rotifers or fish larvae through short-setting bioassays. Our results demonstrated the significant lytic effect of endolysin LysVPp1 on strains of Vibrio alginolyticus, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, and Vibrio splendidus. Furthermore, we have showcased the feasibility of reducing the load of pathogenic Vibrio in live feed and fish larvae by using a non-antibiotic-based approach, such as lytic phage and endolysin LysVPp1, thus contributing to the progress of a sustainable aquaculture from a One Health perspective. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microbe-Host Interaction in Health or Disease in Aquaculture Species)
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13 pages, 1980 KiB  
Article
Fecal Microbiome Analysis Distinguishes Bacterial Taxa Biomarkers Associated with Red Fillet Color in Rainbow Trout
by Ridwan O. Ahmed, Ali Ali, Tim Leeds and Mohamed Salem
Microorganisms 2023, 11(11), 2704; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11112704 - 4 Nov 2023
Viewed by 1317
Abstract
The characteristic reddish-pink fillet color of rainbow trout is an important marketing trait. The gastrointestinal microbiome is vital for host health, immunity, and nutrient balance. Host genetics play a crucial role in determining the gut microbiome, and the host–microbiome interaction impacts the host’s [...] Read more.
The characteristic reddish-pink fillet color of rainbow trout is an important marketing trait. The gastrointestinal microbiome is vital for host health, immunity, and nutrient balance. Host genetics play a crucial role in determining the gut microbiome, and the host–microbiome interaction impacts the host’s phenotypic expression. We hypothesized that fecal microbiota could be used to predict fillet color in rainbow trout. Fish were fed Astaxanthin-supplemented feed for six months, after which 16s rDNA sequencing was used to investigate the fecal microbiome composition in rainbow trout families with reddish-pink fillet coloration (red fillet group, average saturation index = 26.50 ± 2.86) compared to families with pale white fillet color (white fillet group, average saturation index = 21.21 ± 3.53). The linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEFse) tool was used to identify bacterial biomarkers associated with fillet color. The alpha diversity measure shows no difference in the red and white fillet groups. Beta diversity principal component analysis showed clustering of the samples along the white versus red fillet group. The red fillet group has enrichment (LDA score > 1.5) of taxa Leuconostoc lactis, Corynebacterium variabile, Jeotgalicoccus halotolerans, and Leucobacter chromiireducens. In contrast, the white fillet group has an enriched presence of mycoplasma, Lachnoclostridium, and Oceanobacillus indicireducens. The enriched bacterial taxa in the red fillet group have probiotic functions and can generate carotenoid pigments. Bacteria taxa enriched in the white fillet group are either commensal, parasitic, or capable of reducing indigo dye. The study identified specific bacterial biomarkers differentially abundant in fish families of divergent fillet color that could be used in genetic selection to improve feed carotenoid retention and reddish-pink fillet color. This work extends our understanding of carotenoid metabolism in rainbow trout through the interaction between gut microbiota and fillet color. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microbe-Host Interaction in Health or Disease in Aquaculture Species)
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