Clinical and Environmental Surveillance for the Prevention of Legionellosis 2.0

A special issue of Microorganisms (ISSN 2076-2607). This special issue belongs to the section "Public Health Microbiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 August 2024 | Viewed by 407

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Regional Reference Laboratory of Clinical and Environmental Surveillance of Legionellosis, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies G.F. Ingrassia, University of Catania, Via Sofia 87, 95123 Catania, Italy
Interests: water systems; disinfection methods; emerging technologies; Legionnaires’ disease management; Legionnaires’ disease diagnosis; Legionnaires’ disease treatment
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Guest Editor
Department of Infection Control and Infectious Diseases, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
Interests: infection
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The isolation and identification of Legionella from the environment is crucial for the management of environmental and clinical prevention, as well as for epidemiological purposes and for outbreak investigations. Early clinical diagnosis and the prompt initiation of appropriate antibiotics in all patients with community-acquired or hospital-acquired legionellosis are also crucial for the management of the disease. For these reasons, it is necessary to promote clinical and environmental surveillance programmes, and to improve the diagnostic techniques and set up preventive measures. Therefore, epidemiological data combined with microbiological and clinical information can contribute to identifying the source of infection and implementing control measures.

This Special Issue plans to give an overview of the most recent advances in the field of clinical and environmental surveillance of hospital and community-acquired legionellosis. This Special Issue is aimed at providing selected contributions on advances in the environmental surveillance, clinical diagnosis, and applications of innovative monitoring methods with regard to typing and sequencing technologies.

Potential topics include, but are not limited to:

  • Epidemiology management;
  • Clinical management;
  • Genomic epidemiology;
  • Remediation;
  • Controlled clinical trials for treatment;
  • Typing and sequencing technologies;
  • Diagnostic tests;
  • Differences in virulence.

Dr. Maria Anna Coniglio
Dr. Mohamed Yassin
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • water systems
  • disinfection methods
  • emerging technologies
  • Legionnaires’ disease management
  • Legionnaires’ disease diagnosis
  • Legionnaires’ disease treatment

Published Papers (1 paper)

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13 pages, 2202 KiB  
Case Report
From Investigating a Case of Cellulitis to Exploring Nosocomial Infection Control of ST1 Legionella pneumophila Using Genomic Approaches
by Charlotte Michel, Fedoua Echahidi, Sammy Place, Lorenzo Filippin, Vincent Colombie, Nicolas Yin, Delphine Martiny, Olivier Vandenberg, Denis Piérard and Marie Hallin
Microorganisms 2024, 12(5), 857; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12050857 (registering DOI) - 25 Apr 2024
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Abstract
Legionella pneumophila can cause a large panel of symptoms besides the classic pneumonia presentation. Here we present a case of fatal nosocomial cellulitis in an immunocompromised patient followed, a year later, by a second case of Legionnaires’ disease in the same ward. While [...] Read more.
Legionella pneumophila can cause a large panel of symptoms besides the classic pneumonia presentation. Here we present a case of fatal nosocomial cellulitis in an immunocompromised patient followed, a year later, by a second case of Legionnaires’ disease in the same ward. While the first case was easily assumed as nosocomial based on the date of symptom onset, the second case required clear typing results to be assigned either as nosocomial and related to the same environmental source as the first case, or community acquired. To untangle this specific question, we applied core-genome multilocus typing (MLST), whole-genome single nucleotide polymorphism and whole-genome MLST methods to a collection of 36 Belgian and 41 international sequence-type 1 (ST1) isolates using both thresholds recommended in the literature and tailored threshold based on local epidemiological data. Based on the thresholds applied to cluster isolates together, the three methods gave different results and no firm conclusion about the nosocomial setting of the second case could been drawn. Our data highlight that despite promising results in the study of outbreaks and for large-scale epidemiological investigations, next-generation sequencing typing methods applied to ST1 outbreak investigation still need standardization regarding both wet-lab protocols and bioinformatics. A deeper evaluation of the L. pneumophila evolutionary clock is also required to increase our understanding of genomic differences between isolates sampled during a clinical infection and in the environment. Full article
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