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Micromachines
Special Issues
Biomolecule Manipulation in Micro/Nanoscale: Separation, Preconcentration, and Detection
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Biomolecule Manipulation in Micro/Nanoscale: Separation, Preconcentration, and Detection

A special issue of Micromachines (ISSN 2072-666X). This special issue belongs to the section "E：Engineering and Technology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 May 2022) | Viewed by 6496

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Cong Wang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Mechanical Engineering and Electronic Information, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
Interests: micro/nano fabrication; micro/nanofluidics; electrokinetics; BioMEMS; biosensor
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Longnan Li

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics (CIOMP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China
Interests: heat and mass transfer; electronics cooling; micro/nanofluidics; electrokinetics; surface engineering

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Selective and sensitive bioanalysis, especially molecule-scale analysis, play a critical role in biomedical research and clinical applications. These biomolecule (i.e., DNA/RNA, protein, or cell)-based bioanalyses can be used for disease diagnosis or to define specific and personal therapies. However, low-abundance target biomolecules, a large number of impurities, and their unrevealed biocomplexity affect the bioreaction efficiency and limit the accuracy of the bioanalysis. Therefore, biomolecule separation, preconcentration, and detection have become essential for a wide range of applications, including clinical diagnostics, environmental monitoring, and food safety testing. Moreover, when such platforms are miniaturized to the micro- and nanoscale, they will have several merits, such as a short analysis time, low cost, multiplexed analysis of several analytes, and portability. Accordingly, this Special Issue seeks to showcase research papers, short communications, and review articles that focus on (1) novel designs, fabrication, control, and modeling of devices (e.g., microfluidic chip, wearable or implantable device, portable device), and (2) improvement in conventional technologies, development of novel technologies or hybrid techniques for micro- and nano-scale biomolecule manipulation, including separation, preconcentration, and detection.

We look forward to receiving your submissions!

Prof. Dr. Cong Wang
Dr. Longnan Li
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Micromachines is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • biomolecule separation
  • biomolecule preconcentration
  • biomolecule detection
  • micro- and nano-scale manipulation

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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11 pages, 2062 KiB  
Article
In Situ Electroporation on PERFECT Filter for High-Efficiency and High-Viability Tumor Cell Labeling
by Tingting Hun, Yi Zhang, Qingmei Xu, Dong Huang, Qi Wang, Zhihong Li and Wei Wang
Micromachines 2022, 13(5), 672; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi13050672 - 26 Apr 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1962
Abstract
Labeling-assisted visualization is a powerful strategy to track circulating tumor cells (CTCs) for mechanism study (e.g., tumor metastasis). Due to the rarity of CTCs in the whole blood, efficient simultaneous enrichment and labeling of CTCs are needed. Hereby, novel in situ electroporation on [...] Read more.
Labeling-assisted visualization is a powerful strategy to track circulating tumor cells (CTCs) for mechanism study (e.g., tumor metastasis). Due to the rarity of CTCs in the whole blood, efficient simultaneous enrichment and labeling of CTCs are needed. Hereby, novel in situ electroporation on a previously-developed micropore-arrayed filter (PERFECT filter) is proposed. Benefiting from the ultra-small-thickness and high-porosity of the filter plus high precision pore diameter, target rare tumor cells were enriched with less damage and uniform size distribution, contributing to enhanced molecular delivery efficiency and cell viability in the downstream electroporation. Various biomolecules (e.g., small molecule dyes, plasmids, and functional proteins) were used to verify this in situ electroporation system. High labeling efficiency (74.08 ± 2.94%) and high viability (81.15 ± 3.04%, verified via live/dead staining) were achieved by optimizing the parameters of electric field strength and pulse number, ensuring the labeled tumor cells can be used for further culture and down-stream analysis. In addition, high specificity (99.03 ± 1.67%) probing of tumor cells was further achieved by introducing fluorescent dye-conjugated antibodies into target cells. The whole procedure, including cell separation and electroporation, can be finished quickly (<10 min). The proposed in situ electroporation on the PERFECT filter system has great potential to track CTCs for tumor metastasis studies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomolecule Manipulation in Micro/Nanoscale: Separation, Preconcentration, and Detection)
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Review

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31 pages, 6121 KiB  
Review
Therapeutic Applications of Programmable DNA Nanostructures
by Seaim Lwin Aye and Yusuke Sato
Micromachines 2022, 13(2), 315; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi13020315 - 17 Feb 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 3923
Abstract
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) nanotechnology, a frontier in biomedical engineering, is an emerging field that has enabled the engineering of molecular-scale DNA materials with applications in biomedicine such as bioimaging, biodetection, and drug delivery over the past decades. The programmability of DNA nanostructures allows [...] Read more.
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) nanotechnology, a frontier in biomedical engineering, is an emerging field that has enabled the engineering of molecular-scale DNA materials with applications in biomedicine such as bioimaging, biodetection, and drug delivery over the past decades. The programmability of DNA nanostructures allows the precise engineering of DNA nanocarriers with controllable shapes, sizes, surface chemistries, and functions to deliver therapeutic and functional payloads to target cells with higher efficiency and enhanced specificity. Programmability and control over design also allow the creation of dynamic devices, such as DNA nanorobots, that can react to external stimuli and execute programmed tasks. This review focuses on the current findings and progress in the field, mainly on the employment of DNA nanostructures such as DNA origami nanorobots, DNA nanotubes, DNA tetrahedra, DNA boxes, and DNA nanoflowers in the biomedical field for therapeutic purposes. We will also discuss the fate of DNA nanostructures in living cells, the major obstacles to overcome, that is, the stability of DNA nanostructures in biomedical applications, and the opportunities for DNA nanostructure-based drug delivery in the future. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomolecule Manipulation in Micro/Nanoscale: Separation, Preconcentration, and Detection)
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