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Metals
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Analysis and Prediction of Mechanical Properties of Metallic Materials under...
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Analysis and Prediction of Mechanical Properties of Metallic Materials under Extreme Environment

A special issue of Metals (ISSN 2075-4701). This special issue belongs to the section "Metal Failure Analysis".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 May 2023) | Viewed by 6790

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Di Yun

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Nuclear Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
Interests: nuclear fuels; thermomechanical analysis; irradiation effects; corrosion; microstructural evolution
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Shurong Ding

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Aeronautics and Space, Fudan University, Shanghai 200437, China
Interests: nuclear materials and structures; nuclear fuels; irradiation effects; fission gas behaviors; thermo-mechanical coupling; multi-field and multi-scale coupling

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Mechanical properties of metallic materials under extreme environments are crucial for evaluation of metallic materials performance in several areas such as nuclear reactors, space applications and weapons technologies, etc. Investigations of mechanical properties under such extreme environments have relied heavily on experimental testings and post-testing analyses. Emergence of new testing and characterization techniques have opened new opportunities to deepen our understandings of these mechanical properties and metallic materials behaviors. In addition, modeling and prediction of the evolution of mechanical properties in such off-equilibrium and dynamic processes require extensive knowledge on metallic materials behaviors in equilibrium processes, exquisite simulation techniques involving different length-scales and time-scales, and solid computational platforms coupling these techniques in an effective way.

This special issue focuses on clarifying the evolution of mechanical properties of metallic materials under extreme environments with either experimental techniques or their computational counterparts or them combined. Your contribution to this 2022 special issue is highly valuable and appreciated. We invite you to contribute research work that studies the evolution of mechanical properties and metallic materials behaviors under extreme environments which may eventually lead to the prediction of metallic materials performance and failure mechanisms.

Prof. Dr. Di Yun
Prof. Dr. Shurong Ding
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Metals is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • mechanical properties
  • materials behaviors
  • extreme environments
  • failure mechanisms
  • multi-scale modeling and simulation

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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22 pages, 2835 KiB  
Article
Implementation of ABAQUS User Subroutines for Viscoplasticity of 316 Stainless Steel and Zircaloy-4
by Xiaowei Yue and Jinxiong Zhou
Metals 2023, 13(9), 1554; https://doi.org/10.3390/met13091554 - 04 Sep 2023
Viewed by 2575
Abstract
This paper describes the formulations for the viscoplasticity of metals based on the Chaboche and Delobelle model. The implementations of the viscoplastic models were detailed herein and then implemented via user subroutines for material models (UMAT) in ABAQUS. Two typical metals, i.e., 316 [...] Read more.
This paper describes the formulations for the viscoplasticity of metals based on the Chaboche and Delobelle model. The implementations of the viscoplastic models were detailed herein and then implemented via user subroutines for material models (UMAT) in ABAQUS. Two typical metals, i.e., 316 Stainless Steel and Zircaloy-4, were chosen as examples and their viscoplastic behaviors were captured. Numerical simulations are compared to reported experiments in order to validate the models and the UMAT codes. The typical viscoplastic behaviors of both metals, such as stress relaxation and creep, were captured well through the available experiments. We have publicized all the data and codes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Analysis and Prediction of Mechanical Properties of Metallic Materials under Extreme Environment)
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10 pages, 2495 KiB  
Communication
Role of Metastable Austenite on Crack Resistance of Quenching and Partitioning Sheet Steels
by Riming Wu, Yi Xu and Kuicen Li
Metals 2023, 13(4), 762; https://doi.org/10.3390/met13040762 - 14 Apr 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 953
Abstract
The controversial phase, metastable austenite, is deliberately retained in advanced quenching and partitioning (Q&P) sheet steels. Superficially, the plasticity of Q&P steels is enhanced through the transformation induced plasticity (TRIP) effect to a large extent. However, the role of retained austenite on the [...] Read more.
The controversial phase, metastable austenite, is deliberately retained in advanced quenching and partitioning (Q&P) sheet steels. Superficially, the plasticity of Q&P steels is enhanced through the transformation induced plasticity (TRIP) effect to a large extent. However, the role of retained austenite on the crack resistance of Q&P sheet steels is ambiguous to date. Tension of double edge notched (DEN) specimens, with different notch radii, was conducted to investigate the role of retained austenite on crack resistance. The fracture toughness of Q&P steels, critical J-integral values Jc, were 402.97 kJ·m−2 (notch radius = 0.18 mm) and 584.11 kJ·m−2 (notch radius = 1 mm). The increase rate in the plastic deformation zone (PDZ) at notch ahead modeled by finite element (FE) methods dramatically decreased with the notch root radius ρ. It reflects a relatively high sensitivity of notch ductility of Q&P steels in relation to notch radius. Propagating microcracks, regularly initiated at phase boundaries in Q&P steels, were found to be effectively impeded by adjacent retained austenite through energy absorption in the form of strain induced martensite transformation (SIMT). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Analysis and Prediction of Mechanical Properties of Metallic Materials under Extreme Environment)
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16 pages, 9838 KiB  
Article
Hydriding, Oxidation, and Ductility Evaluation of Cr-Coated Zircaloy-4 Tubing
by Yong Yan, Tim Graening and Andrew T. Nelson
Metals 2022, 12(12), 1998; https://doi.org/10.3390/met12121998 - 22 Nov 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1232
Abstract
Accident-tolerant fuel concepts have been developed recently in diverse research programs. Recent research has shown clear advantages of Cr-coated Zr cladding over bare cladding tubes regarding oxidation behavior under the design basis loss-of-coolant accident condition. However, limited data are available about the hydriding [...] Read more.
Accident-tolerant fuel concepts have been developed recently in diverse research programs. Recent research has shown clear advantages of Cr-coated Zr cladding over bare cladding tubes regarding oxidation behavior under the design basis loss-of-coolant accident condition. However, limited data are available about the hydriding behavior of the Cr coating. For that purpose, Cr-coated Zricaloy-4 tubes were tested to investigate the effects of hydriding, oxidation, and postquench ductility behavior on coated Zr cladding. A high-power impulse magnetron sputtering (HiPIMS) process was used to produce a high-density coating on the Zircaloy-4 tube surface. Coated and uncoated Zircaloy-4 tube specimens underwent one-sided hydriding in a tube furnace filled with pure hydrogen gas at 425 °C. The tubing specimen ends were sealed with Swagelok plugs before the hydriding runs. For uncoated specimens, H analysis of the hydrided specimens indicated that the H content increased as the test time and initial pressure increased. However, almost no change was observed for the coated specimens that were hydrided under the same test conditions. After one-sided hydriding, the hydrided coated and uncoated specimens were exposed to steam at high temperatures for two-sided oxidation studies to simulate accident conditions. The coated specimens showed a slower oxidation: oxygen pickup was 50% lower than the uncoated specimens tested under the same conditions. Ring compression testing was performed to evaluate the embrittlement behavior of the Cr-coated specimens after hydriding and oxidation. The results indicated that the HiPIMS coating provides excellent protection from hydriding and oxidation at high temperatures. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Analysis and Prediction of Mechanical Properties of Metallic Materials under Extreme Environment)
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Review

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24 pages, 5419 KiB  
Review
Cladding Failure Modelling for Lead-Based Fast Reactors: A Review and Prospects
by Guan Wang, Zhaohao Wang and Di Yun
Metals 2023, 13(9), 1524; https://doi.org/10.3390/met13091524 - 28 Aug 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1497
Abstract
Lead-cooled fast reactors (LFRs) are considered one of the most promising technologies to meet the requirements introduced for advanced nuclear systems. LFRs have higher neutron doses, higher temperatures, higher burnup and an extremely corrosive environment. The failure studies of claddings play a vital [...] Read more.
Lead-cooled fast reactors (LFRs) are considered one of the most promising technologies to meet the requirements introduced for advanced nuclear systems. LFRs have higher neutron doses, higher temperatures, higher burnup and an extremely corrosive environment. The failure studies of claddings play a vital role in improving the safety criteria of nuclear reactors and promoting research on advanced nuclear materials. This paper presented a comprehensive review of the extreme environment in LFRs based on the fuel performance analyses and transient analyses of reference LFRs. It provided a clear image of cladding failure, focusing on the underlying mechanisms, such as creep, rupture, fatigue, swelling, corrosion, etc., which are resulted from the motions of defects, the development of microcracks and accumulation of fission products to some extent. Some fundamental parameters and behavior models of Ferritic/Martensitic (F/M) steels and Austenitic stainless (AuS) steels were summarized in this paper. A guideline for cladding failure modelling was also provided to bridge the gap between fundamental material research and realistic demands for the application of LFRs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Analysis and Prediction of Mechanical Properties of Metallic Materials under Extreme Environment)
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