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Metals
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Advances in Metal Extraction and Recycling
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Advances in Metal Extraction and Recycling

A special issue of Metals (ISSN 2075-4701). This special issue belongs to the section "Extractive Metallurgy".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 November 2022) | Viewed by 5663

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Jonathan Castillo

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Departamento de Ingeniería en Metalurgia, Universidad de Atacama, Copiapó 1531772, Chile
Interests: ionic liquid; green chemistry; solvent extraction
Dr. Rossana Sepúlveda

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Departamento de Ingeniería en Metalurgia, Universidad de Atacama, Copiapó 1531772, Chile
Interests: metal extraction; hydrometallurgy, ionic liquid, water reuse

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The increasing global demand for metals together with the constant scarcity of ore resources necessitates the development of new technologies that are more efficient in mineral processing, water reuse, and materials recycling. In addition, recent scientific advances are based on the circular economy principles and zero-waste processes; thus, it is necessary to minimize pollution and maximize recycling and reuse of resources.

In recent years, promising technologies for metal extraction and recycling have been developed, such as membrane filtration techniques, ion-exchange resins, ionic liquids, and electrodialysis.

In this Special Issue, we welcome articles that focus on recent advances in metal extraction and recycling. The topics of interest include (but are not limited) to concentration, hydrometallurgy, pyrometallurgy, and electrometallurgy to processing ores, slags, dusts, tails, reuse of wastewater, and metal scraps.

Prof. Dr. Jonathan Castillo
Dr. Rossana Sepúlveda
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Metals is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • ionic liquid
  • wastewater
  • slags
  • scrap
  • zero-waste process

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

11 pages, 3299 KiB  
Article
The Influence of Varying Thermal Treatment Conditions on Reducing Zinc Content from a Steelmaking and Blast Furnace Sludge
by Vladislav Kurka, Petr Jonšta, Ladislav Kander, Ondřej Kotásek, Jiří Pyš, Ivana Klásková, Roman Noga, Marek Vindyš and Gražyna Simha Martynková
Metals 2022, 12(11), 1961; https://doi.org/10.3390/met12111961 - 16 Nov 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1101
Abstract
The prospects of processing blast furnace and steelmaking sludge using the Waelz process in a laboratory rotary kiln, is shown. The influence of different processing temperatures, furnace atmosphere and the type of reducing agents on the level of zinc reduction from sludges was [...] Read more.
The prospects of processing blast furnace and steelmaking sludge using the Waelz process in a laboratory rotary kiln, is shown. The influence of different processing temperatures, furnace atmosphere and the type of reducing agents on the level of zinc reduction from sludges was analyzed. In general, the blast furnace sludge contains a high portion of iron (approx. 48 wt.%) and can be reused as a charge after satisfactory zinc reduction. It was found that N- atmosphere and a high content of the graphite or coke oven reducing agent in combination with high temperature can reduce the content of Zn in the sludge to 0.08 wt.% at 1200 °C for a mixture of steelmaking and blast furnace sludge. A significant reduction in the Zn content to 0.66 wt.% occurs at 1100 °C. The content and type of reducing agent plays an important role; graphite has shown a better reducing ability compared to coke oven dust. When nitrogen is used, zinc is reduced even without an additional reducing agent, since the carbon contained in the sludge is made use of for the reduction. In an air atmosphere, without the use of a reducing agent, there was no reduction in the Zn content. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Metal Extraction and Recycling)
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11 pages, 3446 KiB  
Article
Extraction of Iron and Other Metals from Copper Tailings through Leaching
by Lidia E. Santibáñez-Velásquez, Alexis Guzmán and Mauricio J. Morel
Metals 2022, 12(11), 1924; https://doi.org/10.3390/met12111924 - 10 Nov 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1637
Abstract
Currently, mining operations have increased the generation of tailings, which contain a variety of elements that can be valorized. In this research, tailing samples were leached with hydrochloric acid of concentrations greater than 3 M, considering the monitoring of iron, copper, aluminum, calcium [...] Read more.
Currently, mining operations have increased the generation of tailings, which contain a variety of elements that can be valorized. In this research, tailing samples were leached with hydrochloric acid of concentrations greater than 3 M, considering the monitoring of iron, copper, aluminum, calcium and magnesium, as relevant elements of the leached solution. Time and temperature were also studied. The original tailing sample was taken by trial pits, and a size distribution analysis was performed. The process generated an insoluble solid, rich in aluminosilicates, and an acid liquid solution with different metal ions. Elemental analyses were performed on liquid samples by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS), and solid samples by Scanning Electron Microscopy-Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (SEM-EDX) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD). Results showed an increasing trend of the iron concentration as a function of the acid concentration. However, copper is not affected by the change in acid concentration, but by time and temperature. Aluminum decreases with acid concentration, keeps constant with time, and yields at 50 °C. In the range of the studied parameters, calcium and magnesium showed a variation without a clear trend. The elements in the acid solution prepared with a tailing from northern Chile can be recovered for subsequent applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Metal Extraction and Recycling)
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10 pages, 1099 KiB  
Article
Solvent Extraction of Metal Ions from Synthetic Copper Leaching Solution Using R4NCy
by Rossana Sepúlveda, Norman Toro, Pía Hernández, Patricio Navarro, Cristian Vargas, Edelmira Gálvez and Jonathan Castillo
Metals 2022, 12(6), 1053; https://doi.org/10.3390/met12061053 - 20 Jun 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1893
Abstract
Recent works suggest that the use of ionic liquids in the copper solvent extraction industry is feasible. However, the reports did not use real solutions (or synthetic solutions with various elements). This fact remains poorly established, and the interaction efficiencies are still under [...] Read more.
Recent works suggest that the use of ionic liquids in the copper solvent extraction industry is feasible. However, the reports did not use real solutions (or synthetic solutions with various elements). This fact remains poorly established, and the interaction efficiencies are still under study. The objective of this research is to explore the extraction and stripping of the four major elements present in a copper industrial pregnant leach solution (Cu(II), Fe(III), Mn(II), and Zn(II)) using the methyltrioctyl/decylammonium bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl)phosphinate (R4NCy) ionic liquid as an extractant. The work conditions studied in extraction were ionic liquid concentration, initial pH, and O/A ratio, and in stripping were H2SO4 concentration and O/A ratio. The test was carried out at room temperature and ambient pressure. High efficiency and selectivity (99.82% and 113,755 over Cu(II), respectively) were observed for Fe(III) extraction over the other elements. Moreover, after the extraction test, significant difficulty in stripping Fe(III) loaded in the ionic liquid was observed (28.7% at 0.5 M of H2SO4). Finally, the present study demonstrates that the R4NCy ionic liquid is not suitable for copper extraction because it has a higher selectivity for Fe(III) and Zn(II). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Metal Extraction and Recycling)
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