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Superhydrophobicity of Materials

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 December 2015) | Viewed by 51964

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Guest Editor
Stevens Institute of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Castle Point on Hudson, Hoboken, NJ 07030, USA
Interests: micro- and nanofabrication; additive manufacturing; design and applications of nanostructured materials; surface and interfacial phenomena
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Nature, such as plants, insects, and marine animals, use micro/nano-textured surfaces in their components (e.g., leaves, wings, eyes, legs, and skins) for multiple purposes, such as water-repellency, anti-adhesiveness, and self-cleanness. Such multi-functional surface properties are attributed to three-dimensional surface structures with modulated surface wettability. Especially, hydrophobic surface structures create a composite interface with liquid by retaining air between the structures, minimizing the contact area with liquid. Such non-wetting surface property, so-called superhydrophobicity, can offer numerous application potentials, such as anti-fogging, anti-frosting, anti-icing, anti-corrosion, anti-biofouling, and hydrodynamic drag reduction. Such a composite interface also allows us to explore novel interfacial phenomena including wetting, friction, adhesion, and fluid/thermal transport phenomena. Over the last couple of decades, we have witnessed a significant advancement in the understanding of surface superhydrophobicity as well as the design, fabrication, and applications of superhydrophobic coatings/surfaces/materials. However, in order for such surface superhydrophobicity to benefit real applications with a broad impact, a practical challenge is how to maintain a de-wetted (Cassie-Baxter) state, as opposed to a wetted (Wenzel) state, under various physical/chemical/mechanical conditions. Other challenges include the durability/robustness of the surface structures/coatings, and the scalability/manufacturability of the structures/coatings/materials with good regularity of their patterns, sizes, and shapes at a relatively low cost. The main focus of the forthcoming ‘Superhydrophobicity of Materials’ Special Issue is to present a comprehensive overview of the new developments and to address how we can overcome such challenges in the broad spectrum of the science and technology related to the superhydrophobicity of materials.

It is my pleasure to invite you to submit a manuscript for this Special Issue. Full papers, communications, and reviews are all welcome.

Dr. Chang-Hwan Choi
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • Superhydrophobic state, stability, and wetting transition
  • Contact angle and Contact angle hysteresis
  • Fabrication of superhydrophobic coatings/surfaces/materials
  • Durability/robustness/self-healing capability of superhydrophobic coatings/surfaces
  • Application to self-cleaning
  • Application to hydrodynamic drag reduction
  • Application to heat transfer and energy
  • Application to anti-icing/frosting/fogging
  • Application to anti-corrosion
  • Application to anti-biofouling

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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7486 KiB  
Article
Development of Hybrid Surfaces with Tunable Wettability by Selective Surface Modifications
by Hyun-Joong Lee and Keun Park
Materials 2016, 9(3), 136; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma9030136 - 26 Feb 2016
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 4885
Abstract
Recent advances in micro/nano technology have driven artificial modifications of surface wettability by mimicking biological surfaces, such as superhydrophobic and water-harvesting surfaces. In this study, surface wettability of polycarbonate (PC) films was modified using various surface treatments: micropatterning using ultrasonic imprint lithography, fluorinate [...] Read more.
Recent advances in micro/nano technology have driven artificial modifications of surface wettability by mimicking biological surfaces, such as superhydrophobic and water-harvesting surfaces. In this study, surface wettability of polycarbonate (PC) films was modified using various surface treatments: micropatterning using ultrasonic imprint lithography, fluorinate silane coating, and electron beam irradiation. To modify surface wettability selectively in a specified region, these three treatments were performed using profiled masks with the corresponding shapes. Various combinations of these treatments were investigated in terms of wettability changes, by measuring contact angle (CA). The semi-hydrophobic PC film (CA: 89.2°) was modified to create a super- hydrophobic state (CA: 155.9°) by virtue of the selective micropatterning and coating. The electron beam irradiation had an opposite effect, reducing the CA (48.2°), so that the irradiated region was modified to create a hydrophilic state. Two combinations of the proposed surface modifications made it possible to have a great difference in CA on a single surface (107.7°), and to have four different wetting states on a single surface. Various water-drop experiments proved that the developed hybrid surfaces were selectively wettable and showed water-collecting capability. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Superhydrophobicity of Materials)
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Review

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6077 KiB  
Review
Recent Advances in Superhydrophobic Electrodeposits
by Jason Tam, Gino Palumbo and Uwe Erb
Materials 2016, 9(3), 151; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma9030151 - 03 Mar 2016
Cited by 69 | Viewed by 9482
Abstract
In this review, we present an extensive summary of research on superhydrophobic electrodeposits reported in the literature over the past decade. As a synthesis technique, electrodeposition is a simple and scalable process to produce non-wetting metal surfaces. There are three main categories of [...] Read more.
In this review, we present an extensive summary of research on superhydrophobic electrodeposits reported in the literature over the past decade. As a synthesis technique, electrodeposition is a simple and scalable process to produce non-wetting metal surfaces. There are three main categories of superhydrophobic surfaces made by electrodeposition: (i) electrodeposits that are inherently non-wetting due to hierarchical roughness generated from the process; (ii) electrodeposits with plated surface roughness that are further modified with low surface energy material; (iii) composite electrodeposits with co-deposited inert and hydrophobic particles. A recently developed strategy to improve the durability during the application of superhydrophobic electrodeposits by controlling the microstructure of the metal matrix and the co-deposition of hydrophobic ceramic particles will also be addressed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Superhydrophobicity of Materials)
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9408 KiB  
Review
Recent Progress in Fabrication and Applications of Superhydrophobic Coating on Cellulose-Based Substrates
by Hui Liu, Shou-Wei Gao, Jing-Sheng Cai, Cheng-Lin He, Jia-Jun Mao, Tian-Xue Zhu, Zhong Chen, Jian-Ying Huang, Kai Meng, Ke-Qin Zhang, Salem S. Al-Deyab and Yue-Kun Lai
Materials 2016, 9(3), 124; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma9030124 - 25 Feb 2016
Cited by 115 | Viewed by 19709
Abstract
Multifuntional fabrics with special wettability have attracted a lot of interest in both fundamental research and industry applications over the last two decades. In this review, recent progress of various kinds of approaches and strategies to construct super-antiwetting coating on cellulose-based substrates (fabrics [...] Read more.
Multifuntional fabrics with special wettability have attracted a lot of interest in both fundamental research and industry applications over the last two decades. In this review, recent progress of various kinds of approaches and strategies to construct super-antiwetting coating on cellulose-based substrates (fabrics and paper) has been discussed in detail. We focus on the significant applications related to artificial superhydrophobic fabrics with special wettability and controllable adhesion, e.g., oil-water separation, self-cleaning, asymmetric/anisotropic wetting for microfluidic manipulation, air/liquid directional gating, and micro-template for patterning. In addition to the anti-wetting properties and promising applications, particular attention is paid to coating durability and other incorporated functionalities, e.g., air permeability, UV-shielding, photocatalytic self-cleaning, self-healing and patterned antiwetting properties. Finally, the existing difficulties and future prospects of this traditional and developing field are briefly proposed and discussed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Superhydrophobicity of Materials)
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10818 KiB  
Review
Bio-Inspired Extreme Wetting Surfaces for Biomedical Applications
by Sera Shin, Jungmok Seo, Heetak Han, Subin Kang, Hyunchul Kim and Taeyoon Lee
Materials 2016, 9(2), 116; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma9020116 - 19 Feb 2016
Cited by 106 | Viewed by 17145
Abstract
Biological creatures with unique surface wettability have long served as a source of inspiration for scientists and engineers. More specifically, materials exhibiting extreme wetting properties, such as superhydrophilic and superhydrophobic surfaces, have attracted considerable attention because of their potential use in various applications, [...] Read more.
Biological creatures with unique surface wettability have long served as a source of inspiration for scientists and engineers. More specifically, materials exhibiting extreme wetting properties, such as superhydrophilic and superhydrophobic surfaces, have attracted considerable attention because of their potential use in various applications, such as self-cleaning fabrics, anti-fog windows, anti-corrosive coatings, drag-reduction systems, and efficient water transportation. In particular, the engineering of surface wettability by manipulating chemical properties and structure opens emerging biomedical applications ranging from high-throughput cell culture platforms to biomedical devices. This review describes design and fabrication methods for artificial extreme wetting surfaces. Next, we introduce some of the newer and emerging biomedical applications using extreme wetting surfaces. Current challenges and future prospects of the surfaces for potential biomedical applications are also addressed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Superhydrophobicity of Materials)
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