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Advances in Thin Films Materials: Properties, Characterization, Physical Vapor Deposition and Application

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Thin Films and Interfaces".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 10 October 2024 | Viewed by 2704

Special Issue Editors

State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
Interests: physical vapor deposition of thin films; oxide and nitride nanocomposites; metal matrix composites; multi-scale characterization and modeling
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
Interests: physical vapor deposition and properties of ceramic thin films

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Guest Editor
Institute of Materials, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Beijing, China
Interests: deposition and properties of metallic thin films

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The mechanical and functional properties of thin-film materials generally differ substantially from those of their bulk counterparts due to the well-known defect, strain, dimensional and interface effects. For example, thin-film materials have higher strength and wear resistance, owing to the presence of nano-sized interfaces. Additionally, interface-related strains can induce strong interplays between the crystal lattice, orbital, charge and spin degrees of freedom, which create emerging electronic or magnetic states and consequently lead to novel functionalities. These unique properties enable an incredible expansion of technological applications of thin-film materials in a range of fields, from electronics to biomedicine to optical devices. Recent advances in physical vapor deposition (PVD) have furthered the compositional and structural design of thin films. Introducing structural/compositional complexity during PVD involves profuse interface and phase coupling, and thereby significantly enhances thin films’ properties. As a consequence, new materials have emerged in the development of next-generation structural and functional materials, such as ceramics, oxides, nanocomposite thin films and multilayers. In order to develop materials with desired microstructure and properties and to facilitate their development, efforts to explore material deposition and growth, defect and microstructure control, property characterization and applications, as well as the establishment of an in-depth understanding of structure–property relationships, are necessary.

Correspondingly, this Special Issue will be devoted to all aspects related to PVD films, including but not limited to thin film growth, microstructure characterization and thin film properties and applications, presenting state-of-the-art advances in this rapidly developing field.

Dr. Yue Liu
Dr. Jian Song
Dr. Kunming Yang
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Materials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • physical vapor deposition
  • thin films
  • interfaces
  • functional properties
  • mechanical properties

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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13 pages, 6048 KiB  
Article
Two-Step Thermal Transformation of Multilayer Graphene Using Polymeric Carbon Source Assisted by Physical Vapor Deposited Copper
by Yong Huang, Jiamiao Ni, Xiaoyu Shi, Yu Wang, Songsong Yao, Yue Liu and Tongxiang Fan
Materials 2023, 16(16), 5603; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16165603 - 13 Aug 2023
Viewed by 908
Abstract
Direct in situ growth of graphene on dielectric substrates is a reliable method for overcoming the challenges of complex physical transfer operations, graphene performance degradation, and compatibility with graphene-based semiconductor devices. A transfer-free graphene synthesis based on a controllable and low-cost polymeric carbon [...] Read more.
Direct in situ growth of graphene on dielectric substrates is a reliable method for overcoming the challenges of complex physical transfer operations, graphene performance degradation, and compatibility with graphene-based semiconductor devices. A transfer-free graphene synthesis based on a controllable and low-cost polymeric carbon source is a promising approach for achieving this process. In this paper, we report a two-step thermal transformation method for the copper-assisted synthesis of transfer-free multilayer graphene. Firstly, we obtained high-quality polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) film on a 300 nm SiO2/Si substrate using a well-established spin-coating process. The complete thermal decomposition loss of PMMA film was effectively avoided by introducing a copper clad layer. After the first thermal transformation process, flat, clean, and high-quality amorphous carbon films were obtained. Next, the in situ obtained amorphous carbon layer underwent a second copper sputtering and thermal transformation process, which resulted in the formation of a final, large-sized, and highly uniform transfer-free multilayer graphene film on the surface of the dielectric substrate. Multi-scale characterization results show that the specimens underwent different microstructural evolution processes based on different mechanisms during the two thermal transformations. The two-step thermal transformation method is compatible with the current semiconductor process and introduces a low-cost and structurally controllable polymeric carbon source into the production of transfer-free graphene. The catalytic protection of the copper layer provides a new direction for accelerating the application of graphene in the field of direct integration of semiconductor devices. Full article
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Review

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21 pages, 6468 KiB  
Review
Comparison of CrN Coatings Prepared Using High-Power Impulse Magnetron Sputtering and Direct Current Magnetron Sputtering
by Heda Bai, Jin Li, Jialai Gao, Jinyang Ni, Yaxiong Bai, Jie Jian, Lin Zhao, Bowen Bai, Zeyun Cai, Jianchao He, Hongsheng Chen, Xuesong Leng and Xiangli Liu
Materials 2023, 16(18), 6303; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16186303 - 20 Sep 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1253
Abstract
Chromium Nitride (CrN) coatings have widespread utilization across numerous industrial applications, primarily attributed to their excellent properties. Among the different methods for CrN coating synthesis, direct current magnetron sputtering (DCMS) has been the dominant technique applied. Nonetheless, with the expanded applications of CrN [...] Read more.
Chromium Nitride (CrN) coatings have widespread utilization across numerous industrial applications, primarily attributed to their excellent properties. Among the different methods for CrN coating synthesis, direct current magnetron sputtering (DCMS) has been the dominant technique applied. Nonetheless, with the expanded applications of CrN coatings, the need for enhanced mechanical performance is concurrently escalating. High-power impulse magnetron sputtering (HiPIMS), an innovative coating deposition approach developed over the past three decades, is gaining recognition for its capability of yielding coatings with superior mechanical attributes, thereby drawing significant research interest. Considering that the mechanical performance of a coating is fundamentally governed by its microstructural properties, a comprehensive review of CrN coatings fabricated through both techniques is presented. This review of recent literature aims to embark on an insightful comparison between DCMS and HiPIMS, followed by an examination of the microstructure of CrN coatings fabricated via both techniques. Furthermore, the exploration of the underlying factors contributing to the disparities in mechanical properties observed in CrN coatings is revealed. An assessment of the advantages and potential shortcomings of HiPIMS is discussed, offering insight into CrN coating fabrication. Full article
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