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Bio-Nanomaterials

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Biomaterials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 April 2023) | Viewed by 8392

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Anton Naumov

E-Mail Website1 Website2
Guest Editor
Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX, USA
Interests: nanomaterials; fluorescence; nanotubes; graphene; quantum dots; biomedical imaging; near-infrared; cancer nanotechnology; drug delivery
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Nanoscale materials have recently been utilized in a number of different applications in biology, biotechnology and biomedicine, pioneering advances in these fields through the areas of sensing, drug delivery, imaging, and tissue engineering. They have been demonstrated to detect biopathogens and biomarkers, enhance treatment efficacy, protect healthy tissue from the adverse effects of toxic therapeutics, safely deliver genes and genetic medicines to cells and tissues, uncover and/or aid novel aspects of cellular mechanics, reinforce prosthetics and serve as therapeutics on their own. Nanomaterials can be structurally adapted to a particular application and rendered biocompatible while serving several of these applications at once. Such multifunctionality can help address critical issues in biotechnology.

This Special Issue of Materials aims to cover the latest advancements in the development of functional nanomaterials for biotechnology as well novel biological applications of existing nanomaterials.

Dr. Anton Naumov
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Materials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • nanomaterials
  • biotechnology
  • biomaterials
  • nanoscale biomaterials
  • nanoscale biosensors
  • nanomaterial biosensors
  • nanomaterial tissue scaffolds
  • nanomedicine
  • nanotherapeutics
  • nanotheranostics
  • bio-nanotechnology
  • nano-biotechnology
  • nanomaterials bioimaging

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

13 pages, 2187 KiB  
Article
Detection of Pancreatic Cancer miRNA with Biocompatible Nitrogen-Doped Graphene Quantum Dots
by Ryan Ajgaonkar, Bong Lee, Alina Valimukhametova, Steven Nguyen, Roberto Gonzalez-Rodriguez, Jeffery Coffer, Giridhar R. Akkaraju and Anton V. Naumov
Materials 2022, 15(16), 5760; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15165760 - 20 Aug 2022
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 2196
Abstract
Early-stage pancreatic cancer remains challenging to detect, leading to a poor five-year patient survival rate. This obstacle necessitates the development of early detection approaches based on novel technologies and materials. In this work, the presence of a specific pancreatic cancer-derived miRNA (pre-miR-132) is [...] Read more.
Early-stage pancreatic cancer remains challenging to detect, leading to a poor five-year patient survival rate. This obstacle necessitates the development of early detection approaches based on novel technologies and materials. In this work, the presence of a specific pancreatic cancer-derived miRNA (pre-miR-132) is detected using the fluorescence properties of biocompatible nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots (NGQDs) synthesized using a bottom-up approach from a single glucosamine precursor. The sensor platform is comprised of slightly positively charged (1.14 ± 0.36 mV) NGQDs bound via π−π stacking and/or electrostatic interactions to the negatively charged (−22.4 ± 6.00 mV) bait ssDNA; together, they form a complex with a 20 nm average size. The NGQDs’ fluorescence distinguishes specific single-stranded DNA sequences due to bait–target complementarity, discriminating them from random control sequences with sensitivity in the micromolar range. Furthermore, this targetability can also detect the stem and loop portions of pre-miR-132, adding to the practicality of the biosensor. This non-invasive approach allows cancer-specific miRNA detection to facilitate early diagnosis of various forms of cancer. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bio-Nanomaterials)
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15 pages, 6395 KiB  
Article
Endogenous H2O2-Sensitive and Weak Acidic pH-Triggered Nitrogen-Doped Graphene Nanoparticles (N-GNMs) in the Tumor Microenvironment Serve as Peroxidase-Mimicking Nanozymes for Tumor-Specific Treatment
by Danyang Liang, Yongzhen Yang, Gongjian Li, Qin Wang, Heting Chen and Xiaoyuan Deng
Materials 2021, 14(8), 1933; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14081933 - 13 Apr 2021
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2213
Abstract
Nanozymes are emerging as a promising strategy for the treatment of tumors. Herein, to cope with the tumor microenvironment (TME), weak acidity (pH 5.6 to 6.8) and trace amounts of overexpressed hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) (100 µM–1 mM), we report [...] Read more.
Nanozymes are emerging as a promising strategy for the treatment of tumors. Herein, to cope with the tumor microenvironment (TME), weak acidity (pH 5.6 to 6.8) and trace amounts of overexpressed hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) (100 µM–1 mM), we report nitrogen-doped graphene nanomaterials (N-GNMs), which act as highly efficient catalytic peroxidase (POD)-mimicking nanozymes in the TME for tumor-specific treatment. N-GNMs exhibit POD catalytic properties triggered by a weakly acidic TME and convert H2O2 into highly toxic hydroxyl radicals (•OH) thus causing the death of tumor cells while in the neutral pH surroundings of normal tissues, such catalysis is restrained and leaves normal cells undamaged thereby achieving a tumor-specific treatment. N-GNMs also display a high catalytic activity and can respond to the trace endogenous H2O2 in the TME resulting in a high efficiency of tumor therapy. Our in vitro chemical and cell experiments illustrated the POD-like activity of N-GNMs and in vivo tumor model experiments confirmed the significant inhibitory effect of N-GNMs on tumor growth. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bio-Nanomaterials)
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12 pages, 2023 KiB  
Article
Graphene Quantum Dots as Intracellular Imaging-Based Temperature Sensors
by Bong Han Lee, Ryan Lee McKinney, Md. Tanvir Hasan and Anton V. Naumov
Materials 2021, 14(3), 616; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14030616 - 29 Jan 2021
Cited by 20 | Viewed by 3157
Abstract
Non-invasive temperature sensing is necessary to analyze biological processes occurring in the human body, including cellular enzyme activity, protein expression, and ion regulation. To probe temperature-sensitive processes at the nanoscale, novel luminescence nanothermometers are developed based on graphene quantum dots (GQDs) synthesized via [...] Read more.
Non-invasive temperature sensing is necessary to analyze biological processes occurring in the human body, including cellular enzyme activity, protein expression, and ion regulation. To probe temperature-sensitive processes at the nanoscale, novel luminescence nanothermometers are developed based on graphene quantum dots (GQDs) synthesized via top-down (RGQDs) and bottom-up (N-GQDs) approaches from reduced graphene oxide and glucosamine precursors, respectively. Because of their small 3–6 nm size, non-invasive optical sensitivity to temperature change, and high biocompatibility, GQDs enable biologically safe sub-cellular resolution sensing. Both GQD types exhibit temperature-sensitive yet photostable fluorescence in the visible and near-infrared for RGQDs, utilized as a sensing mechanism in this work. Distinctive linear and reversible fluorescence quenching by up to 19.3% is observed for the visible and near-infrared GQD emission in aqueous suspension from 25 °C to 49 °C. A more pronounced trend is observed with GQD nanothermometers internalized into the cytoplasm of HeLa cells as they are tested in vitro from 25 °C to 45 °C with over 40% quenching response. Our findings suggest that the temperature-dependent fluorescence quenching of bottom-up and top-down-synthesized GQDs studied in this work can serve as non-invasive reversible/photostable deterministic mechanisms for temperature sensing in microscopic sub-cellular biological environments. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bio-Nanomaterials)
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