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Marine Drugs
Special Issues
Cardio-Protective Properties of Marine Natural Products
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Cardio-Protective Properties of Marine Natural Products

A special issue of Marine Drugs (ISSN 1660-3397).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2021) | Viewed by 11485

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Alexandros Tsoupras

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences, International Hellenic University, Kavala, Greece
Interests: CVD; atherosclerosis; endothelial dysfunction; inflammation; atherothrombosis; platelets; leukocytes; PAF; cytokines; chemokines; ADP; collagen; thrombin; anti-inflammatory; antithrombotic; anti-atherogenic; marine; fish; algae; marine plants; mollusks; shellfish; by-products; polar lipids; lipids; PUFA; MUFA; SFA; peptides; bioactives; compounds; vitamins; foods; nutraceuticals; food-supplements; pharmaceuticals; bio-pharmaceuticals; drugs
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Ioannis Zabetakis

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
Interests: inflammation; polar lipids; nutritional status; functional foods
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of death worldwide. Several risk factors can initiate unfavorable processes linked to chronic inflammation, atherosclerosis, and CVD.

Marine derived natural products are potential sources for bioactive compounds, nutraceutical supplements, and drugs against inflammation-related chronic disorders, including atherosclerosis and CVD.

The evaluation of the benefits of marine natural products in all stages of atherosclerosis and CVD is of great importance, starting from their effects on the early stages of inflammation-related endothelial dysfunction; the recruitment of platelets, monocytes, and other leukocytes subtypes; and the onset and development of atherosclerotic plaque, until the final stages of the disease, including plaque rupture, atherothrombosis, and major cardiac events.

The aim of this Special Issue is to promote research in the field and to highlight the importance of natural products derived from several marine sources and related by-products, as inhibitors of these mechanisms towards cardio-protection.

Work describing the isolation, identification, and structural elucidation of marine derived natural products for the prevention and therapy of atherosclerosis and CVD will also be included. In addition, research on pharmacological characterization; nutri-omics (proteomics, glycomics, and lipidomics) related to bioactivities; and drug discovery and development from marine derived natural products, including formulation and clinical trials, are also welcomed. Finally, relative reviews and meta-analysis articles in the field are also welcome in this Special Issue.

Dr. Alexandros Tsoupras
Dr. Ioannis Zabetakis
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Marine Drugs is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • atherosclerosis
  • CVD
  • inflammation
  • thrombosis
  • marine products
  • algae
  • marine invertebrates
  • marine plants
  • nutraceuticals
  • lipids

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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9 pages, 1603 KiB  
Communication
Recombinant Expression of Thrombolytic Agent Reteplase in Marine Microalga Tetraselmis subcordiformis (Chlorodendrales, Chlorophyta)
by Chunhui Wu, Caiyun Zheng, Jinxia Wang and Peng Jiang
Mar. Drugs 2021, 19(6), 315; https://doi.org/10.3390/md19060315 - 28 May 2021
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2582
Abstract
Tetraselmis subcordiformis, a unicellular marine green alga, is used widely in aquaculture as an initial feeding for fish, bivalve mollusks, penaeid shrimp larvae, and rotifers because of its rich content of amino acids and fatty acids. A stable nuclear transformation system using [...] Read more.
Tetraselmis subcordiformis, a unicellular marine green alga, is used widely in aquaculture as an initial feeding for fish, bivalve mollusks, penaeid shrimp larvae, and rotifers because of its rich content of amino acids and fatty acids. A stable nuclear transformation system using the herbicide phosphinothricin (PPT) as a selective reagent was established previously. In this research, the recombinant expression in T. subcordiformis was investigated by particle bombardment with the rt-PA gene that encodes the recombinant human tissue-type plasminogen activator (Reteplase), which is a thrombolytic agent for acute myocardial infarction treatment. Transgenic algal strains were selected by their resistance to PPT, and expression of rt-PA was validated by PCR, Southern blotting, and Western blotting, and bioactivity of rt-PA was confirmed by the fibrin agarose plate assay for bioactivity. The results showed that rt-PA was integrated into the genome of T. subcordiformis, and the expression product was bioactive, indicating proper post-transcriptional modification of rt-PA in T. subcordiformis. This report contributes to efforts that take advantage of marine microalgae as cell factories to prepare recombinant drugs and in establishing a characteristic pathway of oral administration in aquaculture. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cardio-Protective Properties of Marine Natural Products)
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22 pages, 413 KiB  
Article
Characterization of a Coproduct from the Sea Cucumber Cucumaria frondosa and Its Effects on Visceral Adipocyte Size in Male Wistar Rats
by Alan Ramalho, Nadine Leblanc, Marie-Gil Fortin, André Marette, André Tchernof and Hélène Jacques
Mar. Drugs 2020, 18(11), 530; https://doi.org/10.3390/md18110530 - 26 Oct 2020
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2783
Abstract
Sea cucumbers have been shown to have potential health benefits and are a rich source of several bioactive compounds, particularly triterpenoid saponins. However, most studies concentrate on the body wall, and little is known about the health effects of the coproducts. The objectives [...] Read more.
Sea cucumbers have been shown to have potential health benefits and are a rich source of several bioactive compounds, particularly triterpenoid saponins. However, most studies concentrate on the body wall, and little is known about the health effects of the coproducts. The objectives of this study were to determine the nutritional composition of a coproduct from the sea cucumber Cucumaria frondosa and the effects of the dietary consumption of this coproduct on cardiometabolic health in rats. Chemical, biochemical, and nutritional analyses were performed to characterize this coproduct. Forty (40) male Wistar rats were then equally divided into four groups and fed a purified control diet or a diet enriched with 0.5%, 1.5%, or 2.5% (by protein) of coproduct. After 28 days of feeding, the rats were sacrificed. Body and tissue weight, body composition, epididymal adipocyte diameter, plasma and hepatic lipids, glycemia, and insulinemia were measured at the end of the 28-day experiment. Analysis of the coproduct revealed high levels of protein, omega-3 fatty acids, minerals, and saponins. The 1.5% group had significantly smaller epididymal adipocytes vs. the control. We conclude that dietary administration of this sea cucumber coproduct at 1.5% doses decreases visceral adiposity, potentially decreasing the risk of cardiometabolic dysfunction. The coproduct’s saponin content may contribute to the observed effects, but the impact of other components cannot be ruled out. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cardio-Protective Properties of Marine Natural Products)

Review

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46 pages, 1984 KiB  
Review
Cardio-Protective Properties and Health Benefits of Fish Lipid Bioactives; The Effects of Thermal Processing
by Alexandros Tsoupras, Chloe Brummell, Ciara Kealy, Karolis Vitkaitis, Shane Redfern and Ioannis Zabetakis
Mar. Drugs 2022, 20(3), 187; https://doi.org/10.3390/md20030187 - 02 Mar 2022
Cited by 17 | Viewed by 5028
Abstract
The beneficial effects of fish-derived lipid bioactives have come to prominence over the last few decades, especially for their utilization in fish oils, supplements, and nutraceuticals. Omega-3 (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), lipid vitamins, carotenoids, and polar lipid bioactives from fish have shown [...] Read more.
The beneficial effects of fish-derived lipid bioactives have come to prominence over the last few decades, especially for their utilization in fish oils, supplements, and nutraceuticals. Omega-3 (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), lipid vitamins, carotenoids, and polar lipid bioactives from fish have shown to possess a vast range of beneficial effects against a multitude of chronic disorders and especially against inflammation-and cardiovascular disorders (CVD). The observed cardio-protective effects and health benefits are believed to be attributed to the synergy of these fish-derived lipid bioactives. Within the present article the recent findings in the literature on the lipid content of the mainly consumed fish species, their bio-functionality, and cardio-protective benefits is thoroughly reviewed. Moreover, the recovery and valorization of such lipid bioactives from fish by-products and fishing by-catch, in order to reduce waste, while developing useful products containing cardio-protective lipids from the leftover materials of fisheries and aquaculture industries, are also of industrial and environmental interest. Emphasis is also given to the effects of heat treatments during fish processing on the structures and bio-functionality of these marine lipid bioactives, based on the paradigm of different cooking methodologies and thermal processing, while the compounds produced during such treatment(s) with detrimental changes in the fish lipid profile, which can reduce its cardio-protective efficacy, are also reviewed. Novel green extraction technologies and low temperature processing and cooking of fish and fishery by-products are needed to reduce these undesirable effects in a sustainable and environmentally friendly way. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cardio-Protective Properties of Marine Natural Products)
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