Current and Novel Therapeutic Strategies for Cancers in the Era of Personalized Treatment

A special issue of Life (ISSN 2075-1729). This special issue belongs to the section "Medical Research".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (13 May 2022) | Viewed by 8583

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Medical Oncology, Department of Precision Medicine, Università Degli Studi Della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Napoli, 81100 Campania, Italy
Interests: cancer cells; cancer research; oncology;cell culture;cell proliferation;colorectal cancer ;cancer biology;cell signaling;apoptosis;signaling pathways
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Medical Oncology, Department of Precision Medicine, Università Degli Studi Della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Napoli, 81100 Campania, Italy
Interests: cancer therapy;cancer cells;colorectal cancer;tumors;oncology;cancer research; kinase inhibitors;cancer biology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Medical Oncology, Department of Precision Medicine, Università Degli Studi Della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Napoli, 81100 Campania, Italy
Interests: cancer research; tumors; cancer cells; cancer; cancer biomarkers;tumor biolo-gy;cancer biology;clinical oncology;metastasis;cancer immunology

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue of Life is dedicated to personalized medicine in cancer. The therapeutic strategies currently approved for the treatment of solid tumors include multidisciplinary approaches: surgery, radiotherapy and medical treatment. Over the past decade, huge progress has derived from the introduction of target therapies, immunotherapy and other novel approaches such as epigenetic drugs that have paved the way to more tailored opportunities for cancer treatment. Unfortunately, a high portion of patients with cancer still present poor outcomes, due to the complex molecular heterogeneity of tumors and multiple mechanisms driving therapeutic resistance. In oncology, the use of personalized medicine is the main goal, to transform traditional medical chemotherapy-based anti-cancer treatments into molecularly driven, individualized anti-cancer therapies, based on results from molecular analyses that have entered the mainstream of clinical practice in cancer. Whole DNA sequencing technologies such as next generation sequencing (NGS) have improved the genomic understanding of disease; nevertheless, a multi-omic approach that involves the study of the transcriptome, proteome and metabolome is strongly suggested, to further stratify patients and provide deeper insights into cancers. With this Special Issue, we aim to collect original data from translational research groups and updated reviews of the literature to highlight recent discoveries on personalized medicine in the field of cancer.

Dr. Giulia Martini
Dr. Stefania Napolitano
Dr. Carminia Maria Della Corte
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • biomarkers
  • cancer
  • personalized medicine
  • multi-omic
  • translational research
  • individualized treatment

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Review

15 pages, 700 KiB  
Review
FGFR Pathway Inhibition in Gastric Cancer: The Golden Era of an Old Target?
by Csongor G. Lengyel, Sadaqat Hussain, Andreas Seeber, Sara Jamil Nidhamalddin, Dario Trapani, Baker S. Habeeb, Essam Elfaham, Syed Ayub Mazher, Fahmi Seid, Shah Z. Khan, Khalid El Bairi, Andrew Odhiambo, Sara C. Altuna and Angelica Petrillo
Life 2022, 12(1), 81; https://doi.org/10.3390/life12010081 - 07 Jan 2022
Cited by 18 | Viewed by 5268
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is the third leading cause of cancer-associated death worldwide. The majority of patients are diagnosed at an advanced/metastatic stage of disease due to a lack of specific symptoms and lack of screening programs, especially in Western countries. Thus, despite the [...] Read more.
Gastric cancer (GC) is the third leading cause of cancer-associated death worldwide. The majority of patients are diagnosed at an advanced/metastatic stage of disease due to a lack of specific symptoms and lack of screening programs, especially in Western countries. Thus, despite the improvement in GC therapeutic opportunities, the survival is disappointing, and the definition of the optimal treatment is still an unmet need. Novel diagnostic techniques were developed in clinical trials in order to characterize the genetic profile of GCs and new potential molecular pathways, such as the Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor (FGFR) pathway, were identified in order to improve patient’s survival by using target therapies. The aim of this review is to summarize the role and the impact of FGFR signaling in GC and to provide an overview regarding the potential effectiveness of anti-FGFR agents in GC treatment in the context of precision medicine. Full article
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9 pages, 1607 KiB  
Review
Master Protocols for Precision Medicine in Oncology: Overcoming Methodology of Randomized Clinical Trials
by Raimondo Di Liello, Maria Carmela Piccirillo, Laura Arenare, Piera Gargiulo, Clorinda Schettino, Adriano Gravina and Francesco Perrone
Life 2021, 11(11), 1253; https://doi.org/10.3390/life11111253 - 17 Nov 2021
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2769
Abstract
Randomized clinical trials are considered the milestones of clinical research in oncology, and guided the development and approval of new compounds so far. In the last few years, however, molecular and genomic profiling led to a change of paradigm in therapeutic algorithms of [...] Read more.
Randomized clinical trials are considered the milestones of clinical research in oncology, and guided the development and approval of new compounds so far. In the last few years, however, molecular and genomic profiling led to a change of paradigm in therapeutic algorithms of many cancer types, with the spread of different biomarker-driven therapies (or targeted therapies). This scenario of “personalized medicine” revolutionized therapeutic strategies and the methodology of the supporting clinical research. New clinical trial designs are emerging to answer to the unmet clinical needs related to the development of these targeted therapies, overcoming the “classical” structure of randomized studies. Innovative trial designs able to evaluate more than one treatment in the same group of patients or many groups of patients with the same treatment (or both) are emerging as a possible future standard in clinical trial methodology. These are identified as “master protocols”, and include umbrella, basket and platform trials. In this review, we described the main characteristics of these new trial designs, focusing on the opportunities and limitations of their use in the era of personalized medicine. Full article
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