Research Updates in Pathogenic Yeasts

A special issue of Life (ISSN 2075-1729). This special issue belongs to the section "Microbiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (10 March 2022) | Viewed by 2154

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
Interests: candida; yeasts; protease; secreted proteins; vacuole; stress response

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Guest Editor
Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Haryana, Haryana, India
Interests: Candida; antifungal resistance; drug transporters; fungal lipidomics; drug resistance evolution; resistance mechanisms
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Recent years have seen considerable progress in the research of pathogenic yeasts. The aim of this special issue of Life is to provide a platform to share results on various aspects of these pathogens, ranging from broad understanding of their lifestyle and evolution to biomedical issues related to diagnostics, treatment or search for novel drug targets.

Pathogenic yeasts, particularly Candida, Cryptococcus and Aspergillus species, represent a serious public health problem. While they can live as harmless commensals in healthy human hosts, they cause infections in the patients whose immune function is weakened. Population of these patients is growing: modern medicine saves more lives than ever, but the treatment of serious diseases often involves immune suppression or prolonged use of plastic catheters and other indwelling devices, which provide a route for microbial pathogens to enter the bloodstream. Moreover, the use of antibiotics disturbs competing bacterial microflora, and makes it easier for the yeasts to spread. The pathogenic yeasts behaving as opportunistic pathogens currently cause a comparable number of deaths as tuberculosis or malaria.

Several classes of antimycotic drugs are being used in clinical practice. However, drug resistant strains emerge over time, and the incidence of yeast species intrinsically less sensitive to the antimycotics increases. Extensive research is therefore focused on the mechanisms of drug resistance in the pathogenic yeasts, on novel strategies of drug design, and on understanding the immune response of the host.

Another direction of the research is related to increasing accessibility of sequencing techniques, which enable deep insight into evolution and phylogenetic relationships of the yeast species.

We welcome manuscripts covering the topics mentioned above, and hope they will contribute to further development of the field.

Dr. Olga Heidingsfeld
Dr. Rajendra Prasad
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • pathogenic yeasts
  • opportunistic pathogens
  • mycotic infections
  • immune response
  • development of antimycotics
  • drug resistence
  • virulece factors
  • evolution of pathogenicity
  • Candida
  • Cryptococcus
  • Aspergillus

Published Papers (1 paper)

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15 pages, 2336 KiB  
Systematic Review
Comparative Efficacy and Safety of Antifungal Agents in the Prophylaxis of Oropharyngeal Candidiasis among HIV-Infected Adults: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis
by Shamala Gopal Rajadurai, Mari Kannan Maharajan, Sajesh K. Veettil and Divya Gopinath
Life 2022, 12(4), 515; https://doi.org/10.3390/life12040515 - 31 Mar 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1788
Abstract
The objective of the study was to compare the efficacy and safety of antifungal agents used in the prevention of oropharyngeal candidiasis among HIV-infected adults. A systematic search was conducted in four databases (MEDLINE, Scopus, CENTRAL, and Embase) for eligible randomized control trials [...] Read more.
The objective of the study was to compare the efficacy and safety of antifungal agents used in the prevention of oropharyngeal candidiasis among HIV-infected adults. A systematic search was conducted in four databases (MEDLINE, Scopus, CENTRAL, and Embase) for eligible randomized control trials (RCTs). The network meta-analyses (NMA) were performed using a random-effects model. Interventions were ranked based on the efficacy and safety using the surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA). The quality of evidence was assessed using the GRADE approach. From a total of 1574 studies screened, 7 RCTs comprising 959 participants were included in NMA. The use of fluconazole as a prophylactic agent was associated with a significant reduction in incidence of OPC compared to placebo (RR, 0.45 (95% CI: 0.27–0.77)) in HIV-infected adults. The overall quality of evidence was graded as moderate. Fluconazole was ranked the best antifungal for efficacy (SUCRA—95.6%) as well as safety (SUCRA—39.3%) in HIV-infected adults. Overall, the quality of evidence was graded as moderate. Fluconazole can be considered as an effective agent with a better safety profile for the prophylaxis of OPC in HIV-infected adults. However, similar to any other antimicrobial agent, the risk of possibility of resistance must be weighed against the benefits. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research Updates in Pathogenic Yeasts)
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