Hosts as Ecosystems: Processes That Shape Microbiomes

A special issue of Life (ISSN 2075-1729). This special issue belongs to the section "Microbiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (24 December 2021) | Viewed by 4051

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
1. Marine Symbioses Research Unit, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Hohenbergstraße 2, 24105 Kiel, Germany
2. Zoological Institute, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Am Botanischen Garten 1-9, 24118 Kiel, Germany
Interests: microbial ecology; species interactions; symbiosis; microbiome; evolution; aquatic systems; ecological systems biology

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Microbes colonize every environment and play key roles as engines powering Earth ecosystem processes. This also applies to host ecosystems, where organisms form a distinct habitat for microbial communities—the microbiome. The microbiome mainly consists of bacteria but also includes fungi, protozoa, archaea, and viruses. Any ecosystem is defined as an assemblage of organisms and its biotic and abiotic environments. Interactions between different species can happen directly or indirectly and depend on shared resources or environments. Host ecosystem functions, such as stability and invasibility, depend on the interactions between the inhabiting microbial species and on the diversity/structure of the ecosystem. Trying to define the general principles of host–microbiome ecosystems will allow us to develop appraoches to change and control microbiomes, e.g. in human disease, and guide the directions of future research.

Topics of this issue can focus on: (1) population and community dynamics across time and space in host-associated microbiomes; (2) the structure of interactions within microbial communities; (3) microbiome-based metabolites and their role in structuring microbial communities; (4) microbial traits and niches; (5) functional redundancy in microbiomes; and (6) experimental and systems biology approaches in microbiome research.

This Special Issue welcomes submissions of both original research and review articles that will demonstrate multidisciplinary approaches for understanding the ecology and evolution of host-associated microbiota.

Dr. Peter Deines
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • Metaorganism
  • Symbiosis
  • Microbiome
  • Microbiota interactions
  • Population and community structure
  • Metabolic networks
  • Microbial trait-based approaches
  • Niche ecology
  • Functional redundancy
  • Host–microbe systems biology

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

13 pages, 6651 KiB  
Article
Presence of Lactic Acid Bacteria in the Intestinal Tract of the Mediterranean Trout (Salmo macrostigma) in Its Natural Environment
by Massimo Iorizzo, Gianluca Albanese, Bruno Testa, Mario Ianiro, Francesco Letizia, Mariantonietta Succi, Patrizio Tremonte, Mariasilvia D’Andrea, Nicolaia Iaffaldano and Raffaele Coppola
Life 2021, 11(7), 667; https://doi.org/10.3390/life11070667 - 7 Jul 2021
Cited by 20 | Viewed by 3332
Abstract
Knowledge of the composition of the gut microbiota in freshwater fish living in their natural habitat has taxonomic and ecological importance. Few reports have been produced on the composition of the gut microbiota and on the presence of LAB in the intestines of [...] Read more.
Knowledge of the composition of the gut microbiota in freshwater fish living in their natural habitat has taxonomic and ecological importance. Few reports have been produced on the composition of the gut microbiota and on the presence of LAB in the intestines of freshwater fish that inhabit river environments. In this study, we investigated the LAB community that was present in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) of Mediterranean trout (Salmo macrostigma) that colonized the Biferno and Volturno rivers of the Molise region (Italy). The partial 16S rRNA gene sequences of these strains were determined for the species-level taxonomic placement. The phylogenetic analysis revealed that the isolated LABs belonged to seven genera (Carnobacterium, Enterococcus, Lactobacillus, Lactiplantibacillus, Vagococcus, Lactococcus, and Weissella). The study of the enzymatic activities showed that these LABs could contribute to the breakdown of polysaccharides, proteins, and lipids. In future studies, a greater understanding of how the LABs act against pathogens and trigger the fish immune response may provide practical means to engineer the indigenous fish microbiome and enhance disease control and fish health. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Hosts as Ecosystems: Processes That Shape Microbiomes)
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