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Life
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New Advances in Marine Biotoxins and Their Effect
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New Advances in Marine Biotoxins and Their Effect

A special issue of Life (ISSN 2075-1729). This special issue belongs to the section "Physiology and Pathology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2023) | Viewed by 3034

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Carlos García

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Laboratory of Marine Toxins, Physiology and Biophysics Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380000, Chile
Interests: ecotoxicology; marine biology; marine toxins; oxidative stress
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In recent years, the important variations in climatic conditions have tended to produce alterations in the interaction of abiotic and biotic factors, modifying the incidence and prevalence of harmful algal blooms (HABs) with the consequent production of marine biotoxins, thus increasing the dangers for marine, domestic, and human species.

Marine biotoxins have been a major problem for the ecosystem for a long time, since natural exposure involves processes of assimilation, biotransformation, and distribution of biotoxins in the tissues of the different organisms present in the food web, these stages being able to cause damage or mortalities to the species.

The use of different types of tests can allow establishing the effects that the marine biotoxins can have on different aquatic organisms, and that, added to the identification of the toxic and emerging analogs through analytical techniques, could allow guiding and establishing the risk assessment and update of health standards.

The objective of this Special Issue, entitled “New Advances in Marine Biotoxins and Their Effect”, is to review recent research on the determination of the levels of the main and emerging marine biotoxins in marine organisms, and through suitable models determine the biological and/or biochemicals effects that can produce biotoxins.

Dr. Carlos García
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Life is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • marine biotoxins
  • food safety
  • monitoring
  • detection
  • poisoning risks

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

12 pages, 972 KiB  
Article
Evaluation of the Effects of Electrical Stimulation: A Pilot Experiment on the Marine Benthic Foraminiferal Species Amphistegina lessonii
by Federica Rebecchi, Davide Lattanzi, Sigal Abramovich, Patrizia Ambrogini, Caterina Ciacci, Michele Betti and Fabrizio Frontalini
Life 2023, 13(4), 862; https://doi.org/10.3390/life13040862 - 23 Mar 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1115
Abstract
Environmental disturbances resulting from anthropogenic energy pollution are intensely growing and represent a concern for the marine environment. Benthic organisms are the significant fauna exposed to this kind of pollution; among them, foraminifera are largely used as pollution bioindicators in marine environments, but [...] Read more.
Environmental disturbances resulting from anthropogenic energy pollution are intensely growing and represent a concern for the marine environment. Benthic organisms are the significant fauna exposed to this kind of pollution; among them, foraminifera are largely used as pollution bioindicators in marine environments, but studies on the effects induced by electrical stimulation are not documented. In the present research, we evaluated the effects of short-term different electric current densities on the viability of benthic foraminiferal species Amphistegina lessonii by checking the pseudopodial activity and defined the threshold electrical density range. After 3 days of treatment, A. lessonii stimulated with a constant current showed pseudopodial activity at a lower electric current density (0.29, 0.86 μA/cm2) up to 24 h. With increasing stimulation time, the percentages of pseudopodial activity decreased. The pseudopodial activity was absent at high current densities (5.71, 8.57 μA/cm2). The viability of A. lessonii exposed to a pulsed current was higher at a low and middle electric current density (from 0.29 to 5.71 μA/cm2) than at a high electric current density (from 11.43 to 20 μA/cm2). Based on these preliminary results, the selected benthic foraminiferal species seems to better stand pulsed currents than constant ones. These first experiments might provide useful information for the definition of the appropriate electrical density threshold to avoid side effects on a part of the benthic community. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Advances in Marine Biotoxins and Their Effect)
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16 pages, 4630 KiB  
Article
Domoic Acid Oxidative Effects on the Microalgae Phaeodactylum tricornutum
by Joaquin Cabrera, Susana Puntarulo and Paula Mariela González
Life 2023, 13(3), 676; https://doi.org/10.3390/life13030676 - 2 Mar 2023
Viewed by 1443
Abstract
Domoic acid (DA) is a natural occurring marine biotoxin. Oxidative stress generation due to DA exposure was reported in animals, but little is known on the phytoplankton community. The aim of this work was to verify whether exposure to DA in the marine [...] Read more.
Domoic acid (DA) is a natural occurring marine biotoxin. Oxidative stress generation due to DA exposure was reported in animals, but little is known on the phytoplankton community. The aim of this work was to verify whether exposure to DA in the marine diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum favors reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in the intracellular environment modifying its antioxidant capacity. Active species production, non-enzymatic antioxidant content, and antioxidant enzyme activities over the three growth phases of P. tricornutum exposed to 64 µM DA were evaluated. Results obtained in exponential growing cells showed a time-depending seven-fold increase in the 2′,7′ dichlorofluorescein diacetate dye oxidation rate. Superoxide dismutase and catalase activities showed a two-fold increase, and glutathione related enzymes activities were also significantly increased in treated diatoms as compared to controls. However, glutathione and ascorbate contents significantly decreased after incubation of the cells with DA. Similar effects were observed in latent and stationary phases of cell development. These results showed that DA could cause a severe oxidant-dependent impact on a non-toxic algae. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Advances in Marine Biotoxins and Their Effect)
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