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Life
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Biomaterials Application in Endodontics and Reconstructive Dentistry
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Biomaterials Application in Endodontics and Reconstructive Dentistry

A special issue of Life (ISSN 2075-1729). This special issue belongs to the section "Cell Biology and Tissue Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (14 April 2023) | Viewed by 9072

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Zbigniew Rybak

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Guest Editor
Department for Experimental Surgery and Biomaterials Research, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wrocław, Poland
Interests: nanobiotechnology; microbiology; clinical trials
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Maciej Dobrzyński

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Guest Editor
Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Preclinical Dentistry, Wrocław Medical University, Krakowska 26, 50-425 Wrocław, Poland
Interests: bone regeneration; dental; dentistry
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The dynamic development in the field biomaterials has resulted in significant progress in bone and dental hard tissue maintenance, as well as reconstruction. The aim of this Special Issue should be covered by papers on the application options of biomaterials in endodontics and reconstructive dentistry. The most advanced research and improvements in the use of biomaterials in dental tissue and maxillofacial bones regeneration will be accepted. Studies displaying the effects of biomaterials on biological processes, together with its specific characteristics, will also be considered. Special attention will be paid to new biomaterials that can be used in reconstructive dentistry and its potential application in clinical procedures. We encourage the submission of original research articles or reviews.

Topics to be covered in this Special Issue include:

  • Application of biomaterials in endodontics and reconstructive dentistry;
  • Physicochemical properties of dental biomaterials;
  • Characterization of dental biomaterials;
  • Modifications of dental biomaterials;
  • Antimicrobial properties of dental biomaterials;
  • Biocompatibility assessment of dental biomaterials;
  • Biological and medical applications of hydroxyapatite;
  • Interactions with lasers and electromagnetic fields.

Prof. Dr. Zbigniew Rybak
Dr. Maciej Dobrzyński
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Life is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • endodontic filling materials
  • bone reconstruction
  • hydroxyapatite
  • CAD/CAM dental restorations
  • ceramics
  • composites
  • glass ionomer cements
  • dental implants
  • surface modification
  • dental alloys
  • material-laser interaction
  • material-electromagnetic field interaction
  • dental materials biocompatibility
  • antimicrobial properties

Published Papers (5 papers)

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12 pages, 8806 KiB  
Article
Influence of Gutta-Percha Surface on Enterococcus faecalis Initial Adhesion In Vitro: An Atomic Force Microscopy Study
by Allan Victor Ribeiro, Evelyn Giuliana Velásquez-Espedilla, Mirela Cesar de Barros, Letícia Lobo de Melo Simas and Flaviana Bombarda de Andrade
Life 2023, 13(2), 456; https://doi.org/10.3390/life13020456 - 06 Feb 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1393
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of surface topography of gutta-percha (GP) cones and plasticized disks of GP on the initial adhesion of Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis). The GP cones (Tanari and Dentsply brands) were cut 3 [...] Read more.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of surface topography of gutta-percha (GP) cones and plasticized disks of GP on the initial adhesion of Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis). The GP cones (Tanari and Dentsply brands) were cut 3 mm from the apical portion and fixed on a glass slide. To make the disks, the cones were thermoplasticized in standardized molds. The specimens were divided into groups according to the shape of the GP and the presence or absence of the bacteria. For contamination, the strain of E. faecalis (ATCC 29212) was used. The surface topography was analyzed using an atomic force microscope (AFM). The surface, roughness, and waviness parameters were evaluated by the Kruskal–Wallis and Dunn test. The comparison between disks and cones showed significant differences, where the cones were rougher, with a higher value attributed to the Dentsply cone (DC group). The same was observed for the waviness. After contamination, there was greater bacterial accumulation in cones, especially in their valleys, but both the surface and the topography became more homogeneous and smoother, with no differences between disks and cones of both brands. The topographic surface of the GP, at the micro and nanoscale, influences the initial adhesion of E. faecalis, with a greater tendency for contamination in regions associated with the presence of roughness and waviness. In this context, plasticization of GP is indicated, as it reduces surface irregularities compared to cones, contributing to less retention of bacteria. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomaterials Application in Endodontics and Reconstructive Dentistry)
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13 pages, 12789 KiB  
Article
Synthesis and Biological Properties of Alanine-Grafted Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles
by Bruna Carolina Dorm, Mônica Rosas Costa Iemma, Benedito Domingos Neto, Rauany Cristina Lopes Francisco, Ivana Dinić, Nenad Ignjatović, Smilja Marković, Marina Vuković, Srečo Škapin, Eliane Trovatti and Lidija Mančić
Life 2023, 13(1), 116; https://doi.org/10.3390/life13010116 - 31 Dec 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1466
Abstract
Hydroxyapatite attracts great attention as hard tissues implant material for bones and teeth. Its application in reconstructive medicine depends on its biocompatibility, which is in a function of composition and surface properties. The insertion of a protein element in the composition of implants [...] Read more.
Hydroxyapatite attracts great attention as hard tissues implant material for bones and teeth. Its application in reconstructive medicine depends on its biocompatibility, which is in a function of composition and surface properties. The insertion of a protein element in the composition of implants can improve the cell adhesion and the osseointegration. Having this in mind, the proposal of this work was to develop L-alanine-grafted hydroxyapatite nanoparticles and to study their biocompatibility. Two L-alanine sources and three grafting methods were used for hydroxyapatite surface functionalization. The efficiency of grafting was determined based on X-ray powder diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, thermal analyses, and field-emission scanning electron microscopy. The results indicated the formation of hydroxyapatite with 8–25 wt% of organic content, depending on the grafting method. Protein adsorption, cell adhesion, and viability studies were carried out to evaluate biological properties of grafted materials. The viability of MG-63 human osteoblastic cells following 24 h incubation with the alanine-grafted hydroxyapatite samples is well preserved, being in all cases above the viability of cells incubated with hydroxyapatite. The alanine-grafted hydroxyapatite prepared in situ and by simple mixture showed higher protein adsorption and cell adhesion, respectively, indicating their potential toward use in regenerative medicine. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomaterials Application in Endodontics and Reconstructive Dentistry)
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9 pages, 4826 KiB  
Article
Cellular Behaviors of Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells in the Presence of Bone Grafting Biomaterials, In-Vitro Study
by Vahid Esfahanian, Fatemeh Ejeian, Hajar Mohebinia, Zahra Sadat Zojaji Nejad, Maryam Yazdchi, Maziar Ebrahimi Dastgerdi, Mehrnoush Ebrahimi Dastgerdi and Mohammad Hossein Nasr-Esfahani
Life 2023, 13(1), 89; https://doi.org/10.3390/life13010089 - 28 Dec 2022
Viewed by 1074
Abstract
Periodontal regeneration through the employment of bone substitutes has become a feasible strategy in animal and clinical studies. In this regard, we aimed to compare the periodontal ligament stem cell behavior in the vicinity of various bone grafting substitutes. Three types of popular [...] Read more.
Periodontal regeneration through the employment of bone substitutes has become a feasible strategy in animal and clinical studies. In this regard, we aimed to compare the periodontal ligament stem cell behavior in the vicinity of various bone grafting substitutes. Three types of popular bone substitutes, including allografts (Regen), xenografts (Cerabone), and alloplasts (Osteon) were studied in this experimental survey. The cellular attachment was assessed after four hours using the MTS assay and SEM imaging. In addition, cellular proliferation was investigated after 1, 3, 5, and 7 days through MTS assay. Osteogenesis was studied after 21 days of cell culture in a differentiation medium (DM+) and a normal medium (DM−), by employing real-time PCR and alizarin red staining. The highest cellular attachment was seen in the xenograft group with a significant difference in comparison to the other grafting materials. Despite the relatively low primary attachment of cells to allografts, the allograft group showed the highest total proliferation rate, while the lowest proliferation capacity was found in the alloplast group. Osteogenesis fount to be accelerated mostly by xenografts in both mediums (DM+ and DM−) after 3 weeks, while alloplasts showed the lowest osteogenesis. This study revealed that the type of bone substitutes used in regenerative treatments can affect cellular behavior and as a whole allografts and xenografts showed better results. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomaterials Application in Endodontics and Reconstructive Dentistry)
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12 pages, 608 KiB  
Article
Analysis of Monomer Release from Different Composite Resins after Bleaching by HPLC
by Mehmet Gökberkkaan Demirel, Hakan Yasin Gönder and Makbule Tuğba Tunçdemir
Life 2022, 12(11), 1713; https://doi.org/10.3390/life12111713 - 27 Oct 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1545
Abstract
(1) Background: This study aimed to examine the effect of bleaching agents on the release of triethylenae glycol dimethacrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, bisphenol A, urethane dimethacrylate, and bisphenol A-glycidyl methacrylate monomers, which are released from different composite resins, using the high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) [...] Read more.
(1) Background: This study aimed to examine the effect of bleaching agents on the release of triethylenae glycol dimethacrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, bisphenol A, urethane dimethacrylate, and bisphenol A-glycidyl methacrylate monomers, which are released from different composite resins, using the high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method. (2) Methods: Ninety disc-shaped specimens were produced and immersed in artificial saliva. After different bleaching applications [office type bleaching (OB) and home type bleaching (HB)], the specimens were immersed in a 75 wt% ethanol/water solution, and the released monomers were analyzed by HPLC at predefined time intervals: 1, 7, and 28 days. The Kruskal–Wallis and Mann–Whitney U tests were conducted for statistical analysis (p = 0.05). (3) Results: The monomers were released at all times from all composite specimens. The monomer release was increased over time. The highest monomer release was detected on day 28. Bleaching applications affected monomer release. No statistical difference was found between OB and HB applications (p > 0.05). The most released monomer was Bisphenol-A in all composites. (4) Conclusion: Given that a residual monomer release from composite resins has a toxic effect and that bleaching treatments increase this release, a treatment protocol should be made in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomaterials Application in Endodontics and Reconstructive Dentistry)
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23 pages, 534 KiB  
Systematic Review
Bioactivity Potential of Bioceramic-Based Root Canal Sealers: A Scoping Review
by Mauro Schmitz Estivalet, Lucas Peixoto de Araújo, Felipe Immich, Adriana Fernandes da Silva, Nadia de Souza Ferreira, Wellington Luiz de Oliveira da Rosa and Evandro Piva
Life 2022, 12(11), 1853; https://doi.org/10.3390/life12111853 - 11 Nov 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2760
Abstract
Introduction: Bioceramic-based root canal sealers are novel materials with a bioactivity potential that stands out compared with conventional root canal sealers. However, the term bioactivity may be overused and is often misunderstood. Hence, the objective of this study was to synthesize and map [...] Read more.
Introduction: Bioceramic-based root canal sealers are novel materials with a bioactivity potential that stands out compared with conventional root canal sealers. However, the term bioactivity may be overused and is often misunderstood. Hence, the objective of this study was to synthesize and map key concepts related to the bioactivity analysis of bioceramic-based root canal sealers. Methods: The present scoping review is reported in accordance with the PRISMA-ScR Statement and is registered in the Open Science Framework. Two blinded reviewers carried out a comprehensive search in six databases up to January 10th, 2022: MEDLINE, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Lilacs/BBO. Eligibility was considered for in vitro and in vivo studies that evaluated the bioactivity potential of bioceramic-based root canal sealers. Results: A total of 53 studies were included in the qualitative synthesis. In vitro bioactivity was evaluated through the mineralization potential, formation of carbonated apatite on the surface, and the gene expression related to proteins involved in the mineralization process. Meanwhile, for in vivo studies, staining techniques associated with immunohistochemical tests were mainly used to detect mineralization on the material–host tissue interface. Conclusions: According to the methodology used, the most prevalent methods to assess bioactivity in acellular form were the immersion of the material in Hank’s balanced salt solution, followed by surface observation with scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray. In cell cultures, the chosen method was usually Alizarin Red staining, followed by the evaluation of alkaline phosphatase enzymatic activity and the use of molecular biology tests. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomaterials Application in Endodontics and Reconstructive Dentistry)
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