Assessments of Bioactive and Toxic Substances in Cellular and Animal Models

A special issue of Life (ISSN 2075-1729). This special issue belongs to the section "Cell Biology and Tissue Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 April 2024) | Viewed by 1475

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Institute of Applied Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovakia
Interests: animal physiology; biochemistry; hematology; bioactive substances; trace elements; oxidative stress; ecotoxicology

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Guest Editor
Institute of Applied Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovakia
Interests: cell biology; reproductive toxicology; steroidogenesis; xenobiotics; natural compounds

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Due to the increasing number of anthropogenic xenobiotics entering the environment, and considering the sophisticated systems developed by the body for the distribution, metabolism and elimination of xenobiotics that enter the body in various ways, the discipline of toxicology has been a very current and urgent issue in recent decades. As most of them can interact with cell surfaces or nuclear receptors, they can cause non-physiological alterations in cellular homeostasis even at low concentrations, which places them in a special category of toxic substances in terms of health risks. On the other hand, natural plant extracts have several biological effects (immunological, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer). In addition to their positive biological effects, the side effects that appear in conventional treatments are absent. The assessment of risk elements, xenobiotics, nanoparticles, and biologically active substances in animal cells and/or tissues, the study of ecotoxicological interactions and their effects on animal health indicators in natural and model conditions is currently a relevant topic.

Dr. Anton Kovacik
Dr. Tomáš Jambor
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • cell biology
  • animal physiology
  • natural compounds
  • xenobiotics
  • trace elements
  • reproductive toxicology
  • oxidative status markers
  • health status
  • ecotoxicology

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

15 pages, 6132 KiB  
Article
The Influence of Phenol on the Growth, Morphology and Cell Division of Euglena gracilis
by Alexandra Lukáčová, Diana Lihanová, Terézia Beck, Roman Alberty, Dominika Vešelényiová, Juraj Krajčovič and Matej Vesteg
Life 2023, 13(8), 1734; https://doi.org/10.3390/life13081734 - 12 Aug 2023
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Abstract
Phenol, a monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbon with various commercial uses, is a major pollutant in industrial wastewater. Euglena gracilis is a unicellular freshwater flagellate possessing secondary chloroplasts of green algal origin. This protist has been widely used for monitoring the biological effect of various [...] Read more.
Phenol, a monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbon with various commercial uses, is a major pollutant in industrial wastewater. Euglena gracilis is a unicellular freshwater flagellate possessing secondary chloroplasts of green algal origin. This protist has been widely used for monitoring the biological effect of various inorganic and organic environmental pollutants, including aromatic hydrocarbons. In this study, we evaluate the influence of different phenol concentrations (3.39 mM, 3.81 mM, 4.23 mM, 4.65 mM, 5.07 mM, 5.49 mM and 5.91 mM) on the growth, morphology and cell division of E. gracilis. The cell count continually decreases (p < 0.05–0.001) over time with increasing phenol concentration. While phenol treatment does not induce bleaching (permanent loss of photosynthesis), the morphological changes caused by phenol include the formation of spherical (p < 0.01–0.001), hypertrophied (p < 0.05) and monster cells (p < 0.01) and lipofuscin bodies. Phenol also induces an atypical form of cell division of E. gracilis, simultaneously producing more than 2 (3–12) viable cells from a single cell. Such atypically dividing cells have a symmetric “star”-like shape. The percentage of atypically dividing cells increases (p < 0.05) with increasing phenol concentration. Our findings suggest that E. gracilis can be used as bioindicator of phenol contamination in freshwater habitats and wastewater. Full article
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