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Life
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Clinical Advances in Cardiac Arrest: Prognostic Performance and Management
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Clinical Advances in Cardiac Arrest: Prognostic Performance and Management

A special issue of Life (ISSN 2075-1729). This special issue belongs to the section "Medical Research".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (29 March 2024) | Viewed by 2469

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Kei Hayashida

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Guest Editor
Department of Emergency Medicine, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY, USA
Interests: cardiac arrest; resuscitation; emergency medicine; critical care medicine

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue on “Clinical Advances in Cardiac Arrest" aims to serve as a seminal resource for medical professionals navigating the evolving landscape of cardiac arrest care. Despite advancements in resuscitative science, cardiac arrest continues to be a leading cause of mortality and morbidity around the world. This Special Issue seeks to address this critical gap by focusing on two pivotal aspects: prognostic performance and management strategies. It aims to elucidate the latest predictive models and biomarkers that can accurately forecast patient outcomes following resuscitation. Concurrently, the Special Issue will explore innovative management approaches, from pre-hospital interventions to advanced critical care techniques, that optimize patient survival and neurological function. By amalgamating cutting-edge research and expert opinions, this Special Issue endeavors to enhance clinical decision making and set new benchmarks in cardiac arrest care. The target audience comprises basic researchers, resuscitation scientists, emergency physicians, intensivists, cardiologists, and other healthcare providers who are committed to elevating the standard of care in this life-threatening condition.

Dr. Kei Hayashida
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Life is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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14 pages, 1220 KiB  
Article
A Comparison of Prognostic Factors in a Large Cohort of In-Hospital and Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Patients
by Rossana Soloperto, Federica Magni, Anita Farinella, Elisa Gouvea Bogossian, Lorenzo Peluso, Nicola De Luca, Fabio Silvio Taccone and Filippo Annoni
Life 2024, 14(3), 403; https://doi.org/10.3390/life14030403 - 18 Mar 2024
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Abstract
We investigated independent factors predicting neurological outcome and death, comparing in-hospital (IHCA) and out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) patients. The study was conducted in the mixed 34-bed Intensive Care Department at the Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles (HUB), Belgium. All adult consecutive cardiac arrest (CA) [...] Read more.
We investigated independent factors predicting neurological outcome and death, comparing in-hospital (IHCA) and out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) patients. The study was conducted in the mixed 34-bed Intensive Care Department at the Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles (HUB), Belgium. All adult consecutive cardiac arrest (CA) survivors were included between 2004 and 2022. For all patients, demographic data, medical comorbidities, CA baseline characteristics, treatments received during Intensive Care Unit stay, in-hospital major complications, and neurological outcome at three months after CA, using the Cerebral Performance Category (CPC) scale, were collected. In the multivariable analysis, in the IHCA group (n = 540), time to return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC), older age, unwitnessed CA, higher lactate on admission, asystole as initial rhythm, a non-cardiac cause of CA, the occurrence of shock, the occurrence of acute kidney injury (AKI), and the presence of previous neurological disease and of liver cirrhosis were independent predictors of an unfavorable neurological outcome. Among patients with OHCA (n = 567), time to ROSC, older age, higher lactate level on admission, unwitnessed CA, asystole or pulseless electrical activity (PEA) as initial rhythm, the occurrence of shock, a non-cardiac cause of CA, and a previous neurological disease were independent predictors of an unfavorable neurological outcome. To conclude, in our large cohort of mixed IHCA and OHCA patients, we observed numerous factors independently associated with a poor neurological outcome, with minimal differences between the two groups, reflecting the greater vulnerability of hospitalized patients. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clinical Advances in Cardiac Arrest: Prognostic Performance and Management)
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Review

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16 pages, 639 KiB  
Review
Organ-Specific Mitochondrial Alterations Following Ischemia–Reperfusion Injury in Post-Cardiac Arrest Syndrome: A Comprehensive Review
by Eriko Nakamura, Tomoaki Aoki, Yusuke Endo, Jacob Kazmi, Jun Hagiwara, Cyrus E. Kuschner, Tai Yin, Junhwan Kim, Lance B. Becker and Kei Hayashida
Life 2024, 14(4), 477; https://doi.org/10.3390/life14040477 - 05 Apr 2024
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Abstract
Background: Mitochondrial dysfunction, which is triggered by systemic ischemia–reperfusion (IR) injury and affects various organs, is a key factor in the development of post-cardiac arrest syndrome (PCAS). Current research on PCAS primarily addresses generalized mitochondrial responses, resulting in a knowledge gap regarding organ-specific [...] Read more.
Background: Mitochondrial dysfunction, which is triggered by systemic ischemia–reperfusion (IR) injury and affects various organs, is a key factor in the development of post-cardiac arrest syndrome (PCAS). Current research on PCAS primarily addresses generalized mitochondrial responses, resulting in a knowledge gap regarding organ-specific mitochondrial dynamics. This review focuses on the organ-specific mitochondrial responses to IR injury, particularly examining the brain, heart, and kidneys, to highlight potential therapeutic strategies targeting mitochondrial dysfunction to enhance outcomes post-IR injury. Methods and Results: We conducted a narrative review examining recent advancements in mitochondrial research related to IR injury. Mitochondrial responses to IR injury exhibit considerable variation across different organ systems, influenced by unique mitochondrial structures, bioenergetics, and antioxidative capacities. Each organ demonstrates distinct mitochondrial behaviors that have evolved to fulfill specific metabolic and functional needs. For example, cerebral mitochondria display dynamic responses that can be both protective and detrimental to neuronal activity and function during ischemic events. Cardiac mitochondria show vulnerability to IR-induced oxidative stress, while renal mitochondria exhibit a unique pattern of fission and fusion, closely linked to their susceptibility to acute kidney injury. This organ-specific heterogeneity in mitochondrial responses requires the development of tailored interventions. Progress in mitochondrial medicine, especially in the realms of genomics and metabolomics, is paving the way for innovative strategies to combat mitochondrial dysfunction. Emerging techniques such as mitochondrial transplantation hold the potential to revolutionize the management of IR injury in resuscitation science. Conclusions: The investigation into organ-specific mitochondrial responses to IR injury is pivotal in the realm of resuscitation research, particularly within the context of PCAS. This nuanced understanding holds the promise of revolutionizing PCAS management, addressing the unique mitochondrial dysfunctions observed in critical organs affected by IR injury. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clinical Advances in Cardiac Arrest: Prognostic Performance and Management)
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