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Life
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Effects of Natural Products as Adjuvants on Animals
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Effects of Natural Products as Adjuvants on Animals

A special issue of Life (ISSN 2075-1729). This special issue belongs to the section "Pharmaceutical Science".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (28 December 2023) | Viewed by 3736

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Alessandro Di Cerbo

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 1662032 Camerino, Italy
Interests: functional foods; pet nutrition; animal well being; food inspection; nutrient content; proximate composition; proteomics; aquaculture
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Shakira Ghazanfar

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
National Agricultural Research Centre, National Institute of Genomics and Agriculture Biotechnology (NIGAB), Park Road, Islamabad 45500, Pakistan
Interests: probiotics; functional foods; fermentation; solid state fermentation; microbiology; cell culture techniques; bioinformatics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Natural products are gaining even more importance regarding their replacement of drugs in human and veterinary clinical practice. Many in vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated the ability of natural products to also act as nutraceuticals, i.e., to “feed” and “heal” simultaneously. Besides these features, natural products meet consumers’ demands for safe, healthy, and sustainable foods for pets and livestock animals, and they are able to reduce bacterial contamination and spread.

On the other hand, natural products require the quantity to be administered to be fine-tuned to reduce their potential adverse effects and prevent the possible onset of resistance phenomena. The aim of this Special Issue is to amalgamate recent evidence about new potential applications of natural products in animal practice, insights into their unexplored adverse/toxic effects, and first resistance phenomena. Reviews will be considered as long as they mainly focus on the aforementioned aspects.

Dr. Alessandro Di Cerbo
Dr. Shakira Ghazanfar
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Life is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • natural products
  • functional foods
  • pets
  • livestock
  • antimicrobial resistance

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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19 pages, 8550 KiB  
Article
Evaluation of Salvia hispanica as a Therapeutic Agent against Sodium Arsenic-Induced Testicular Toxicity in a Male Rats Model
by Sara Mahmoud Omar, Nasser Nesim Zahran, Rashed A. Alhotan, Elsayed Osman Hussein, Branislav Galik and Ahmed Ali Saleh
Life 2024, 14(1), 109; https://doi.org/10.3390/life14010109 - 10 Jan 2024
Viewed by 1091
Abstract
Chia seeds offer therapeutic properties that aid in the prevention of a variety of ailments, including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, obesity, and other risk factors. Arsenite, a common environmental chemical, has been identified as a reproductive toxin owing to its negative effects on male [...] Read more.
Chia seeds offer therapeutic properties that aid in the prevention of a variety of ailments, including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, obesity, and other risk factors. Arsenite, a common environmental chemical, has been identified as a reproductive toxin owing to its negative effects on male reproductive health. It has been shown to inhibit spermatogenesis and generate androgenic effects in men. The primary goal of this research was to look into the effect of Salvia hispanica on testicular toxicity caused by sodium arsenite in male rats. A set of 36 male albino rats was allocated to a negative control cohort. The individuals in this group were given a basic meal and orally given distilled water for a duration of 28 days. The other five groups were given a regular meal and received intra-peritoneal injections of sodium arsenite (NaAsO2) at a concentration of 4 mg/kg body weight that was diluted in a 0.9% NaCl solution. The injections were administered consecutively, with two doses given within a two-day period. Subsequently, the rats were categorized into several groups using the following classification: Group 2 consisted of a positive control cohort, in which the rats were given a typical baseline diet. Groups 3, 4, 5, and 6 were given a basic diet that included varying proportions of ground chia seeds, namely 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% per 100 g of the diet. After the trial was completed, the rats were euthanized, and further biological examination was conducted. The measurements of the reproductive organs were documented and reported. The research assessed the following characteristics: sperm count, motility, progressive motility, and normal morphology. The research included examining serum sex hormones, namely luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and testosterone. An evaluation of the activity of antioxidant enzymes was performed in the tissue of the testicles. There were statistically significant improvements in the sperm parameters, serum sex hormone levels, and the activity of antioxidant enzymes, such as GPX, SOD, and CAT, in the therapy groups. The levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) exhibited a noteworthy decrease (p ≤ 0.05) when compared to the positive control group. Salvia hispanica seeds have demonstrated a significant level of effectiveness in reducing sodium arsenite-induced testicular toxicity, which leads to the conclusion. The flavonoid content and antioxidant properties of Salvia hispanica seeds may be to blame for the observed behavior. These indicated characteristics may have therapeutic significance in treating testicular harm induced by arsenite exposure. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Effects of Natural Products as Adjuvants on Animals)
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15 pages, 1489 KiB  
Article
Long-Term Phellodendri Cortex Supplementation in the Tiger Grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus): Dual Effects on Intestinal Health Revealed by Transcriptome Analysis
by Yan Cai, Huizhong Shi, Yu Zheng, Yongcan Zhou, Weiliang Guo, Jingqiu Liao and Shifeng Wang
Life 2023, 13(12), 2336; https://doi.org/10.3390/life13122336 - 13 Dec 2023
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Abstract
The tiger grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus), an important mariculture fish in Southeast Asia, faces increasing health issues in recent years. Phellodendri Cortex (PC) is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine that exhibits a variety of beneficial effects on tiger groupers. The effects of [...] Read more.
The tiger grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus), an important mariculture fish in Southeast Asia, faces increasing health issues in recent years. Phellodendri Cortex (PC) is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine that exhibits a variety of beneficial effects on tiger groupers. The effects of PC, however, varies with the period of dietary intervention. This study aims to investigate the long-term effects of 1% PC supplementation on tiger groupers, focusing on growth, immunity, disease resistance, and intestinal gene expression. The tiger groupers (with an initial mean weight of 27.5 ± 0.5 g) were fed with a diet of Phellodendri Cortex supplementation and a control diet for 8 weeks. Our results indicate that the long-term PC supplementation did not affect growth or Vibrio disease resistance in tiger groupers. However, the transcriptome analysis revealed potential damage to the structural and functional integrity of the groupers’ intestines. On the other hand, anti-inflammatory and cathepsin inhibition effects were also observed, offering potential benefits to fish enteritis prevention and therapy. Therefore, long-term PC supplementation in grouper culture should be applied with caution. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Effects of Natural Products as Adjuvants on Animals)
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Review

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13 pages, 757 KiB  
Review
The Efficacy of Yeast Supplementation on Monogastric Animal Performance—A Short Review
by Vetriselvi Sampath, Shanmugam Sureshkumar and In Ho Kim
Life 2023, 13(10), 2037; https://doi.org/10.3390/life13102037 - 11 Oct 2023
Viewed by 1416
Abstract
Due to a continual growth in the world’s population and the prohibition of antibiotics in animal production, the livestock industry faces significant challenges in the global demand for meat, eggs, and dairy products. The growing demand for organic products and the prohibition on [...] Read more.
Due to a continual growth in the world’s population and the prohibition of antibiotics in animal production, the livestock industry faces significant challenges in the global demand for meat, eggs, and dairy products. The growing demand for organic products and the prohibition on antibiotic growth promoters (AGPs) have compelled animal nutrition experts to search for natural substitutes that include medical plants and beneficial microorganisms. Natural feed additives like probiotics are found to be more effective than AGPs in reducing the load of harmful intestinal pathogens. One of the probiotics that has generated considerable interest since ancient times is yeast. Yeast is used as a supplement in animal feeds due to its relatively high protein, amino acid, energy, and micronutrient content. Yeast byproducts such as yeast cells and cell walls contain nutraceutical compounds (i.e., β-glucans, mannooligosaccharides, and nucleotides) and have been shown to improve animal growth performance and health. Though the application of yeast supplements has been reviewed to date, only a scarce amount of information exists on the yeast-derived products in non-ruminant nutrition. Additionally, it is difficult for nutritionists to differentiate the characteristics, composition, and optimal feeding among the diverse number of yeast-containing products. Due to the increasing popularity of using yeast-based products in animal feeds, the development of analytical approaches to estimate yeast and its components in these products is greatly needed. Thus, in this review, we intend to provide current knowledge of different categories of commercially available yeast and yeast-derived additives, along with their role in improving animal growth performance and health, their proposed mechanisms of action, and the challenges of quantifying yeast content and biologically active components. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Effects of Natural Products as Adjuvants on Animals)
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