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Land
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Application of Georadar Mapping for Landscape Archaeology
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Application of Georadar Mapping for Landscape Archaeology

A special issue of Land (ISSN 2073-445X). This special issue belongs to the section "Landscape Archaeology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 March 2023) | Viewed by 9405

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Lazaro Lagostena

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of History, Geography and Philosophy, Faculty of Philosophy and Literature, University of Cadiz,11003 Cadiz, Spain
Interests: ancient history; Roman archaeology; Roman pottery; economic history; geo-archaeology; non-invasive methods; environmental history; historic landscape; GIS applied to archaeology
Dr. Enrique Aragon

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Humanities, Arts and Social Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia
Interests: maritime archaeology; non-invasive techniques; GPR; underwater archaeology; intertidal archaeology; digital humanities

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The development achieved by Georadar, especially the appearance of multichannel equipment (GPR arrays) with a clear potential to obtain three-dimensional subsurface information over large areas, has provided an essential tool for historical studies of territories and landscapes. The applications of GPR extend to many aspects of historical research, for which it can provide a wealth of novel information relating to archaeological remains. Knowledge of past settlements, which previously would have required decades of traditional excavation, can now be obtained quickly and inexpensively. Particularly relevant are the contributions of GPR to the studies of historical urban planning, whether public or private, urban or rural. Furthermore, this non-invasive method has contributed to the study of fossilized landscapes and the territory occupied by past societies through the traces of their organization, articulation, frequentation and exploitation. GPR analysis has been progressively implemented among researchers, and its use deals with multiple regional study cases; therefore, many specific examples are being developed, shaping an increasingly wide range of application forms and strategies. This Special Issue, entitled "Application of Georadar Mapping for Landscape Archaeology", aims to bring together the most representative cases of study of Georadar survey applications and assess their impacts on ascertaining historical knowledge of past landscapes.

Prof. Dr. Lazaro Lagostena
Dr. Enrique Aragon
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Land is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • ground-penetrating radar
  • non-invasive techniques
  • Roman rural settlements
  • Roman urban settlements
  • coastal and riparian environments
  • Geo-archaeology

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

21 pages, 10315 KiB  
Article
The Contribution of GPR to the Historical Research of Urban and Rural Landscapes of Antiquity
by Lázaro G. Lagóstena-Barrios and Enrique Aragón-Núñez
Land 2023, 12(6), 1165; https://doi.org/10.3390/land12061165 - 1 Jun 2023
Viewed by 1084
Abstract
This article observes the main trends in GPR research through a bibliometric analysis of a large corpus of contributions published between 1996 and 2021. This review aims to identify the scope of a flourishing methodology that has changed with technological advances and improvements. [...] Read more.
This article observes the main trends in GPR research through a bibliometric analysis of a large corpus of contributions published between 1996 and 2021. This review aims to identify the scope of a flourishing methodology that has changed with technological advances and improvements. GPR research is at a similar development stage to other geophysical analysis techniques. Among archaeologists and historians interested in applying new techniques, the use of GPR has emerged as a critical tool to review historical themes. Covering from a new perspective with possibilities of success to the extent that there is active collaboration with experts who bring to the research experience an appropriate multidisciplinary prism. This allowed us to highlight positive experiences and errors that help us improve and move forward. This article is presented in two distinct but ultimately complementary parts. First, bibliometric analysis of the use of GPR in archaeology is addressed based on Publish or Perish Software. Second, we narrow the discussion using GPR results applied to rural/urban archaeological contexts from Roman times and how they can contribute to the knowledge of past societies, being an essential resource for understanding the historical expression of the occupation, management, and uses of the territory and landscape. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Application of Georadar Mapping for Landscape Archaeology)
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20 pages, 13881 KiB  
Article
Application of GPR Prospection to Unveil Historical Stratification inside Monumental Buildings: The Case of San Leonardo de Siete Fuentes in Santu Lussurgiu, Sardinia, Italy
by Luca Piroddi and Massimo Rassu
Land 2023, 12(3), 590; https://doi.org/10.3390/land12030590 - 1 Mar 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1483
Abstract
Stratigraphy is a fundamental classification tool for archaeology on which modern excavation techniques are based, and essentially consists of a sedimentological, pedological and archaeological interpretation of the multiple cultural layers found while digging; this concept can be adopted when studying monumental buildings and, [...] Read more.
Stratigraphy is a fundamental classification tool for archaeology on which modern excavation techniques are based, and essentially consists of a sedimentological, pedological and archaeological interpretation of the multiple cultural layers found while digging; this concept can be adopted when studying monumental buildings and, in particular, their hidden parts or elements. The precious and delicate surfaces of monuments need non-invasive techniques such as geophysical methods and in the present article, the use of GPR technique has been exploited through a dataset collected over the nave of the church of San Leonardo de Siete Fuentes in Sardinia. First, the georadar results have been jointly analyzed by means of the B- and C-scans, in which some most significant patterns were detected and analyzed by looking at their signal features over the investigated volume. Following the analysis, elements from the signal attribute analysis and horizon detection and visualization, with a 3D approach, were used. To strengthen the reliability of the GPR results, a thermal infrared survey was simultaneously carried out. Thanks to the integrated geophysical and historical analysis of the monument, the ancient layout of the church has been reconstructed and other targets of potential archaeological interest identified Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Application of Georadar Mapping for Landscape Archaeology)
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22 pages, 15333 KiB  
Article
Non-Invasive Prospection Techniques in the Cabo de Gata-Níjar Natural Park (Almería, Spain): Torregarcía’s Site
by María-Juana López-Medina, María de la Paz Román-Díaz, Manuela García-Pardo, Enrique Aragón-Núñez, José-Antonio Calvillo-Ardila and Lázaro G. Lagóstena-Barrios
Land 2023, 12(2), 304; https://doi.org/10.3390/land12020304 - 21 Jan 2023
Viewed by 1268
Abstract
Along the Southeast coast of the Iberian Peninsula are numerous remains linked to the ancient purple exploitation destined for elaborating dyes. Our study focused on analysing the Torregarcía’s site (Almeria, Spain), which is set in the Cabo de Gata-Níjar Natural Park, a protected [...] Read more.
Along the Southeast coast of the Iberian Peninsula are numerous remains linked to the ancient purple exploitation destined for elaborating dyes. Our study focused on analysing the Torregarcía’s site (Almeria, Spain), which is set in the Cabo de Gata-Níjar Natural Park, a protected coastal space of huge ecological interest. Torregarcía was excavated in the 1980s. Despite its importance, it has remained invisible to the historiography of the last three decades due to the lack of scientific publications on the matter. The current archaeological works, performed by non-invasive prospection techniques, such as GPR, magnetometer or UAV, revealed the relevance of purple exploitation as one of the main activities and have made possible the documentation of more complex facilities associated with excavated structures and the extensive shell midden. Along with these, other buildings and shell middens have been found throughout the coast of this location. This study emphasised the first results of the 2019 and 2021 campaigns. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Application of Georadar Mapping for Landscape Archaeology)
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17 pages, 7864 KiB  
Article
The Iron Age Necropolis of El Toro (Alcubillas, Ciudad Real-Spain)—Combination of Archaeological and Geophysical Techniques with Ground Penetrating Radar in the Area around the Jabalón River
by Francisco Javier Catalán González, Luis Benítez de Lugo Enrich, José Antonio Ruiz Gil and Isabel Rondán Sevilla
Land 2022, 11(12), 2288; https://doi.org/10.3390/land11122288 - 13 Dec 2022
Viewed by 1512
Abstract
The necropolis of El Toro is characterised as a space of prolonged use in northern Oretania. Several important archaeological finds were made in 1975 and 2012, leading to the excavation of six test pits in 2017. Based on the existing legacy data, an [...] Read more.
The necropolis of El Toro is characterised as a space of prolonged use in northern Oretania. Several important archaeological finds were made in 1975 and 2012, leading to the excavation of six test pits in 2017. Based on the existing legacy data, an extension of the state of knowledge was carried out by combining several geophysical tools. The geophysical tools chosen for this sample consist of a combination of data from two different georadar systems, to which data from a magnetometer survey is added. A series of post-processes are applied to the preliminary results to improve the visualisation and interpretation of the data. The combination of these techniques used at the site is an improvement that helps us to understand these spaces and their interaction with the historical landscape of La Mancha. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Application of Georadar Mapping for Landscape Archaeology)
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17 pages, 12300 KiB  
Article
Non-Invasive Archaeological Methodologies for the Analysis of the Port Structures of Portus Ilicitanus (Santa Pola, Alicante)
by Juan Francisco Álvarez Tortosa, Francisco Javier Catalán González, Daniel Mateo Corredor, Manuel Ruiz Barroso and Jaime Molina Vidal
Land 2022, 11(12), 2159; https://doi.org/10.3390/land11122159 - 30 Nov 2022
Viewed by 1671
Abstract
The traditional identification of the ancient port of Ilici with the current town of Santa Pola in Alicante (Spain) has been based on a small number of punctual, unconnected, and too partial archaeological interventions. Since 2017, a program of geophysical surveys has been [...] Read more.
The traditional identification of the ancient port of Ilici with the current town of Santa Pola in Alicante (Spain) has been based on a small number of punctual, unconnected, and too partial archaeological interventions. Since 2017, a program of geophysical surveys has been performed with a Stream X model multi-channel georadar IDS. This program has been focused mainly on the so-called Mercado de Viguetes, an area in which archaeological excavations have hardly been carried out. The geophysical surveys have allowed us to draw part of the urban fabric of the central core of the Portus Ilicitanus, revealing a set of structures that can be assimilated into a port area: warehouses, houses, open spaces, and decantation basins to produce salted fish, and the probable eastern boundary of the complex identified with the port dock. Altogether, two predominant alignments can be assimilated into the Early Imperial and Late Imperial construction phases. Non-invasive archaeological methodologies have become the main resource for archaeological analysis and heritage protection in view of the current impossibility of carrying out archaeological excavations in this area of Santa Pola. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Application of Georadar Mapping for Landscape Archaeology)
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20 pages, 19714 KiB  
Article
Non-Invasive Prospection Methods in the Roman City of Balsa (Luz de Tavira-Portugal): Revealing the Real Townscape
by João Pedro Bernardes, Isabel Rondán Sevilla, Celso Candeias and Manuel Ruiz Barroso
Land 2022, 11(10), 1785; https://doi.org/10.3390/land11101785 - 13 Oct 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1402
Abstract
Ever since Estácio da Veiga, at the end of the 19th century, identified the ruins of the Roman city of Balsa under Torre d’Aires estate (Luz de Tavira-Portugal) and its surroundings, the scientific questions about this Roman city have been constantly increasing. Despite [...] Read more.
Ever since Estácio da Veiga, at the end of the 19th century, identified the ruins of the Roman city of Balsa under Torre d’Aires estate (Luz de Tavira-Portugal) and its surroundings, the scientific questions about this Roman city have been constantly increasing. Despite the historical importance of this city, referenced in classical literature, the archaeological knowledge about it remains very scarce due to the difficulties around implementing any durable scientific research projects. Therefore, much of that written about the topographical features and configuration of the city has no unequivocal scientific support. Finally, 2019 saw the launch of this ongoing project “Balsa, searching for the origins of the Algarve”, which aims to ascertain the main features concerning the city’s extent and configuration, mainly through non-invasive methods. Since 2017, geomagnetic and geo-radar surveys have spanned several hectares and successfully identified many traces of the Roman city while discarding the existence of others in certain locations. In the last two years, the geo-radar surveys have intensified and established the boundaries to the Roman city as well as parts of its layout, remnants of buildings, and even fossilised agricultural crops in addition to other geophysical anomalies, whether or not they are subsequently confirmed by diagnostic pits. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Application of Georadar Mapping for Landscape Archaeology)
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