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Treatment, Prevention and Multidisciplinarity of Respiratory Problems
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Treatment, Prevention and Multidisciplinarity of Respiratory Problems

A special issue of Journal of Personalized Medicine (ISSN 2075-4426). This special issue belongs to the section "Methodology, Drug and Device Discovery".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 25 June 2024 | Viewed by 8340

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Elena Cantone

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences-ENT Section, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy
Interests: laryngology; rhinology; biologics; head and neck oncology; chemical sense; neuroimaging; pediatric otorhinolaryngology; head and neck surgery; otorhinolaryngology; personalized medicine
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Eugenio De Corso

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Head and Neck Surgery-Otorhinolaryngology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
Interests: rhinology; otorhinolaryngology; head and neck surgery; personalized medicine
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Personalized medicine (PM) aims to improve efficiency and quality of care, to reduce side effects and to increase long-term control of chronic disease. PM is considered of major interest in different medical domains with the objective to improve the level of disease control, enhance patient satisfaction and increase the effectiveness of preventive interventions. The combination of personalized care, prediction of treatment success, prevention of disease and patient participation in the elaboration of the treatment plan is expected to substantially improve the therapeutic approach for individuals suffering from chronic disabling conditions. The purpose of this Special Issue is to offer readers and colleagues updates on treatments and prevention in the field of respiratory diseases, stressing the crucial role of multidisciplinarity. For instance, with the perspective of precision medicine and a multidisciplinary approach, this Special Issue aims to provide useful tools in clinical practice to personalize therapeutic strategies with a view to patient customization.

Furthermore, the need for an integrated multidisciplinary approach in the evaluation of respiratory pathologies cannot be overlooked. These are the reasons why I proposed this Special Issue of the Journal of Personalized Medicine, to collect papers about the “Treatment, Prevention and Multidisciplinarity of Respiratory Problems”.

Prof. Dr. Elena Cantone
Dr. Eugenio De Corso
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Personalized Medicine is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

 

Keywords

  • respiratory diseases
  • personalized medicine
  • QoL
  • otorhinolaryngology
  • rhinology
  • CRS
  • pediatrics
  • oncology
  • inflammation
  • biologics
  • therapy

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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14 pages, 1453 KiB  
Article
Differential Outcomes of VATS and Open Surgery in Lung Cancer Patients with Antecedent Oncological Diagnoses
by Bogdan Cosmin Tanase, Alin Ionut Burlacu, Claudiu Eduard Nistor, Teodor Horvat, Cristian Oancea, Monica Marc, Emanuela Tudorache and Diana Manolescu
J. Pers. Med. 2023, 13(10), 1498; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm13101498 - 15 Oct 2023
Viewed by 942
Abstract
Primary lung cancer is a devastating disease with high morbidity and mortality rates. Patients with a previous oncological history may present with multiple comorbidities, unique clinical features, and unique outcomes after surgical intervention for primary lung cancer. This study aimed to compare the [...] Read more.
Primary lung cancer is a devastating disease with high morbidity and mortality rates. Patients with a previous oncological history may present with multiple comorbidities, unique clinical features, and unique outcomes after surgical intervention for primary lung cancer. This study aimed to compare the clinical features and outcomes of patients with a previous oncological history who underwent video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) or open surgery (OS) for primary lung cancer. A retrospective analysis was conducted on 84 patients with a previous oncological history who underwent surgical intervention for primary lung cancer between January 2018 and January 2023. Among them, 55 patients underwent VATS, while 29 patients underwent OS. Demographic and clinical characteristics, perioperative variables, and postoperative outcomes of the two surgical groups were collected and compared. Most of the 84 patients were women (58.4%) with a high smoking prevalence (44.1%) and a median of 32.3 packs-year. The patients’ histories were most predominant for gynecologic cancers (44.4%) and colorectal cancers (18.6%). The results showed that the VATS group had a significantly shorter median hospital stay than the OS group (6.0 days vs. 12.0 days, p-value < 0.001). Additionally, the VATS group had lower incidences of air leaks 24 h post-surgery (12.7% vs. 48.3%, p-value < 0.001) and intractable pain (3.6% vs. 17.2%, p-value = 0.031), as well as significantly lower operative times (270 min vs. 350 min, p-value = 0.046). However, there were no significant differences between the VATS and OS groups in overall survival (log-rank p-value = 0.447). Furthermore, although the 3-month survival was significantly higher in the VATS group (98.2% vs. 79.3%, p-value = 0.003), only one patient from the VATS group (1.8%) and two patients from the OS group (6.9%) were still alive five years after the intervention. In conclusion, VATS is a safe and effective surgical option for patients with a previous oncological history who require surgical intervention for primary lung cancer, with shorter operative times, shorter hospital stays, and lower rates of complications compared to those of OS patients, without compromising oncological outcomes. Nevertheless, both surgical options failed to improve the 5-year survival rate, probably due to the high prevalence of comorbidities and the burden of previous cancer in this population. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Treatment, Prevention and Multidisciplinarity of Respiratory Problems)
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15 pages, 2297 KiB  
Article
Health-Related Quality of Life and Stress-Related Disorders in Patients with Bronchiectasis after Pulmonary Resection
by Alin Nicola, Cristian Oancea, Paula Irina Barata, Mavrea Adelina, Tudor Mateescu, Diana Manolescu, Felix Bratosin, Roxana Manuela Fericean, Raja Akshay Pingilati and Cristian Paleru
J. Pers. Med. 2023, 13(9), 1310; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm13091310 - 26 Aug 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 985
Abstract
This multicenter, cross-sectional study investigates the potential correlation between the development of bronchiectasis after lung resection surgery and the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of the patients. The study aims to provide new insights into the long-term outcomes of patients post-lung resection surgery. [...] Read more.
This multicenter, cross-sectional study investigates the potential correlation between the development of bronchiectasis after lung resection surgery and the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of the patients. The study aims to provide new insights into the long-term outcomes of patients post-lung resection surgery. The study includes adult patients who underwent lung resection surgery for suspicious lung nodules and developed bronchiectasis within a follow-up period of six months. Bronchiectasis was confirmed by high-resolution computed tomography scans. The patient’s health-related quality of life (HRQoL), anxiety, depression, and stress-related disorders were assessed using WHOQOL-BREF, SF-36, HADS, and PSS-10 questionnaires. Out of the 135 patients included in the study, 44 developed bronchiectasis after lung resection surgery. No statistically significant differences were observed between the groups in terms of demographics and medical history. Patients with bronchiectasis demonstrated a lower overall health status, increased deterioration of respiratory symptoms, lower physical activity levels, lower quality of life scores, and experienced more severe anxiety symptoms. Additionally, patients in this group also perceived higher levels of stress; although, the correlation with physical functioning was contradictory. The development of bronchiectasis post-lung resection surgery was associated with poorer quality of life, increased respiratory symptoms, higher anxiety levels, and increased perception of stress. While the correlation between bronchiectasis and HRQoL was statistically significant, the contradictory correlations with stress and physical functioning call for further research. This study underscores the importance of ongoing patient monitoring and the detailed evaluation of respiratory function following lung resection surgery for lung nodules, especially among those who develop bronchiectasis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Treatment, Prevention and Multidisciplinarity of Respiratory Problems)
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11 pages, 825 KiB  
Article
Fractional Exhaled Nitric Oxide (FeNO) in Patients with Stable Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Short-Term Variability and Potential Clinical Implications
by Pasquale Ambrosino, Salvatore Fuschillo, Mariasofia Accardo, Marco Mosella, Antonio Molino, Giorgio Alfredo Spedicato, Andrea Motta and Mauro Maniscalco
J. Pers. Med. 2022, 12(11), 1906; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm12111906 - 16 Nov 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1564
Abstract
Background: The use of fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) has been proposed for identifying and monitoring eosinophilic airway inflammation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). To explore the clinical utility of FeNO in COPD, we aimed to assess its short-term variability in a [...] Read more.
Background: The use of fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) has been proposed for identifying and monitoring eosinophilic airway inflammation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). To explore the clinical utility of FeNO in COPD, we aimed to assess its short-term variability in a clinically stable COPD cohort. Methods: Consecutive COPD patients, formerly smokers, underwent FeNO assessment at the baseline and six time-points through serial sampling spaced 3 days apart. Results: A total of 41 patients (mean age 72.9, 87.8% males) showed a median baseline value of FeNO of 11.7 (8.0–16.8) ppb. A weak linear relationship was documented between baseline FeNO values and both eosinophil counts (r = 0.341, p = 0.029) and the percentage of eosinophils (r = 0.331, p = 0.034), confirmed in multiple linear regressions after adjusting for steroid use. The overall individual variability of FeNO between time-points was 3.90 (2.53–7.29) ppb, with no significant difference in the distribution of FeNO values measured at different time-points (p = 0.204). A total of 28 (68.3%) patients exhibited FeNO always below the 25 ppb cut-off at all determinations, while the remining 13 (31.7%) had at least one value above the established limit. Interestingly, none of these 13 participants had FeNO stably above 25 ppb, all showing at least one normal value during serial sampling. Compared to these patients with more fluctuating values, the 28 with stably normal FeNO only exhibited a significantly higher body weight (80.0 ± 18.2 kg vs. 69.0 ± 8.8 kg, p = 0.013) and body mass index (29.7 ± 6.5 kg/m2 vs. 25.9 ± 3.7 kg/m2, p = 0.026), confirmed in multiple logistic regressions after adjusting for major potential confounders. Conclusions: A certain degree of FeNO variability, apparently unrelated to eosinophil counts but somehow influenced by body weight, must be considered in COPD patients. Further studies are needed to clarify whether this biomarker may be effectively used to plan more personalized pharmacological and rehabilitation strategies in this clinical setting. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Treatment, Prevention and Multidisciplinarity of Respiratory Problems)
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Review

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16 pages, 1335 KiB  
Review
Insights into Personalised Medicine in Bronchiectasis
by Clementine S. Fraser and Ricardo J. José
J. Pers. Med. 2023, 13(1), 133; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm13010133 - 10 Jan 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 4288
Abstract
Bronchiectasis is a heterogenous disease with multiple aetiologies resulting in inflammation and dilatation of the airways with associated mucus production and chronic respiratory infection. The condition is being recognised ever more frequently as the availability of computed tomography increases. It is associated with [...] Read more.
Bronchiectasis is a heterogenous disease with multiple aetiologies resulting in inflammation and dilatation of the airways with associated mucus production and chronic respiratory infection. The condition is being recognised ever more frequently as the availability of computed tomography increases. It is associated with significant morbidity and healthcare-related costs. With new understanding of the disease process, varying endotypes, identification of underlying causes and treatable traits, the management of bronchiectasis can be increasingly personalised. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Treatment, Prevention and Multidisciplinarity of Respiratory Problems)
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