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A special issue of Journal of Personalized Medicine (ISSN 2075-4426). This special issue belongs to the section "Methodology, Drug and Device Discovery".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 5 February 2024 | Viewed by 9924

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Prof. Dr. Elena Cantone

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Department of Neuroscience and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, “Federico II” University of Naples, AOU Federico II Naples, Naples, Italy
Interests: laryngology; rhinology; biologics; head and neck oncology; chemical sense; neuroimaging; pediatric otorhinolaryngology; head and neck surgery; otorhinolaryngology; personalized medicine
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In the last decade, precision medicine has revolutionized clinical practice and, in particular, otorhinolaryngology.

Every day we are faced with new diagnostic challenges that require a meticulous and often multidisciplinary diagnostic process.

The purpose of this Special Issue is to offer readers and colleagues several new diagnostic tools in the otorhinolaryngologic fields and beyond.

For instance, with the perspective of precision medicine and a multidisciplinary approach, this Special Issue aims to describe not only the new challenges in otorhinolaryngological diagnostics but also to provide useful tools in clinical practice to personalize therapeutic strategies with a view to patient customization.

Furthermore, the need for an integrated multidisciplinary approach in the evaluation of pathologies in the rhinological, otological, and laryngological fields cannot be overlooked.

These are the reasons why I proposed this Special Issue of the Journal of Personalized Medicine, to collect papers about “The Challenges and Prospects in Diagnostics of Otolaryngology” in all of the fields of otorhinolaryngology as well as in related fields. Studies should describe challenges and prospects in the diagnostics of otorhinolaryngology using basic-science-, clinical-, and population-based approaches.

Prof. Dr. Elena Cantone
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Personalized Medicine is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

head and neck oncology
rhinology
otology
laryngology
lmmunology
biomarkers
OSAS
EGPA
diagnosis
precision medicine
biomarkers
diagnostic tools
QoL

Published Papers (7 papers)

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Editorial

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4 pages, 202 KiB

Open AccessEditorial

A Multidisciplinary Approach for Type 2 Allergic Diseases: What Do Biologics Teach Us?

and

J. Pers. Med. 2023, 13(6), 941; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm13060941 - 01 Jun 2023

Viewed by 981

Abstract

Patients with atopic/allergic disorders, including atopic dermatitis (AD), allergic rhino-conjunctivitis (AR), chronic rhinosinusitis with/without nasal polyps (CRSwNP/CRSsNP), bronchial asthma, food allergy, and eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE), often share a common genetic background, a type Th2 polarized immune response, and several environmental factors [...] Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Challenges and Prospects in Diagnostics of Otolaryngology)

Research

Jump to: Editorial

9 pages, 577 KiB

Open AccessCommunication

Measuring Nasal Patency and the Sense of Smell in CRSwNP Patients Treated with Dupilumab

and

J. Pers. Med. 2023, 13(2), 234; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm13020234 - 28 Jan 2023

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1625

Abstract

Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) in the most severe forms is associated with a poor quality of life. Dupilumab has been suggested as an add-on treatment option for severe CRSwNP. Severe CRSwNP patients treated with dupilumab in different rhinological units were followed up at 1, 3, 6 and 12 months from the first administration and were considered for this study. At baseline (T0) and at each follow-up, patients underwent nasal endoscopy and completed the sinonasal outcome test (SNOT)-22, a visual analogue scale (VAS) for smell/nasal obstruction, peak nasal inspiratory flow (PNIF) and the Sniffin’ Sticks identification test (SSIT). The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of dupilumab in patients with severe uncontrolled CRSwNP on recovering nasal obstruction and smell impairment. Moreover, the method between PNIF and SSIT with the highest correlation with patients’ response to dupilumab was evaluated. One hundred forty-seven patients were included. All parameters improved during treatment (p < 0.001). At T0, no correlations were found between PNIF and nasal symptoms. Nevertheless, during the following evaluations significant correlations between PNIF changes and both nasal symptoms and NPS were observed (p < 0.05). At T0, SSIT did not correlate with SNOT-22. Similarly to PNIF, during the follow-up SSIT changes significantly correlated with nasal symptom and NPS (p < 0.05). Comparing PNIF and SSIT correlations with SNOT-22 and NPS, PNIF showed a higher correlation with both. Dupilumab improves nasal obstruction and the sense of smell. PNIF and SSIT are effective tools in monitoring patients’ response to dupilumab. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Challenges and Prospects in Diagnostics of Otolaryngology)

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11 pages, 2411 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Quality of Life Assessment of Chronic Otitis Media Patients Following Surgery

Michele Cavaliere

Antonella Miriam Di Lullo

Pasquale Capriglione

Gaetano Motta

and

Elena Cantone

J. Pers. Med. 2023, 13(1), 74; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm13010074 - 29 Dec 2022

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1463

Abstract

Chronic otitis media (COM) is a persistent inflammation of the middle ear. COM often requires surgical management and represents one of the most disabling pathologies in the field of otolaryngology, not only due to hearing loss but also because recurrent otorrhea seriously affects the quality of life (QoL) of patients. The COMOT-15 questionnaire is a reliable, valid and sensitive tool for measuring the QoL of patients with COM. The aim of this study was to evaluate QoL by using the Italian version of the COMOT-15 in COM patients undergoing surgery based on age and different operation techniques. This observational retrospective study involved fifty-two consecutive patients undergoing surgical treatment for COM according to Nadol criteria. Preoperatively (T0) and 12 months after surgery (T1) patients underwent clinical examination, imaging, the Italian version of the COMOT-15 and pure tone audiometry. After surgery, we observed an improvement of QoL in 84.6% of the population. The COMOT-15 overall score, ear symptoms and hearing subscores showed significantly better ratings after surgery in the whole analyzed group. However, the separate analysis of patients operated with open techniques and closed techniques showed a significant improvement in ear symptoms subscore in both groups and a significant improvement in hearing subscore and mental health subscore only in patients operated on with closed techniques. Moreover, we observed a positive correlation between age and Δ-COMOT. This study shows the crucial role of a reliable and suitable questionnaire such as the COMOT-15 in evaluating COM patients, including clinical symptoms, functional and psychological impairments and highlighting a positive correlation between age and COMOT-15 results. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Challenges and Prospects in Diagnostics of Otolaryngology)

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14 pages, 1024 KiB

Open AccessFeature PaperArticle

Obstructive Sleep Apnoea in Children with Down Syndrome: A Multidisciplinary Approach

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J. Pers. Med. 2023, 13(1), 71; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm13010071 - 28 Dec 2022

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1334

Abstract

A comprehensive evaluation of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) may allow for the development of more efficient management of Down syndrome (DS). We aimed to evaluate the effect of a multidisciplinary approach to DS with OSA. A total of 48 DS children aged 4–12 years were prospectively investigated with nasal endoscopy, orthodontic examination, and overnight polygraphy (PG); the Italian Child Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ-IT) was filled out by the mothers. The total CSHQ-IT score was 63 (96% of children reporting sleep problems). The major ear, nose, and throat characteristics were enlarged palatine tonsils (62%), adenoid tonsils (85%), and chronic rhinosinusitis (85%). DS children showed orthognathic profile in 68% of cases, class I relationship in 63%, and cross-bite in 51%. PG revealed OSA in 67% of cases (37% mild, 63% moderate–severe). The oxygen desaturation index (ODI) was higher in the group with OSA (5.2) than with non-OSA (1.3; p < 0.001). The ODI was higher (p = 0.001) and SpO2 lower (p = 0.03) in children with moderate–severe OSA than with mild OSA. The apnoea–hypopnea index (AHI) and percentage time with SpO2 < 90% were higher in DS children with grade III than with grade I or II adenoids (5 vs. 1, p = 0.04, and 1.2 vs. 0.1, p = 0.01, respectively). No significant correlations were found between PG and the total CSHQ-IT score or orthodontic data. However, children showing associated cross-bite, grade III adenoids and size 3 or 4 palatine tonsils showed higher AHI and ODI than those without (p = 0.01 and p = 0.04, respectively). A coordinated multidisciplinary approach with overnight PG is a valuable tool when developing diagnostic protocols for OSA in DS. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Challenges and Prospects in Diagnostics of Otolaryngology)

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8 pages, 731 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Treatment Results of Endoscopic Transnasal Orbital Decompression for Graves’ Orbitopathy—A Single-Center Retrospective Analysis in 28 Orbits of 16 Patients

Krzysztof B. Poślednik

Katarzyna Czerwaty

Nils Ludwig

Marta Molińska-Glura

Anna Jabłońska-Pawlak

and

Mirosław J. Szczepański

J. Pers. Med. 2022, 12(10), 1714; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm12101714 - 14 Oct 2022

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1179

Abstract

Graves’ orbitopathy (GO) is an extrathyroidal manifestation of Graves’ disease (GD), which can be associated with corneal ulcerations or optic neuropathy in severe forms. Transnasal endoscopic orbital decompression (TEOD) is a surgical procedure performed in order to decrease the intraorbital pressure by removing part of its bony borders in cases with excessive mass in orbit. The aim of this study was to present the results and evaluate the efficacy of TEOD for GO. The retrospective study included 28 orbits (16 patients) who underwent TEOD from 2017 to 2020. Outcome was evaluated based on visual acuity improvement, clinical activity score (CAS) decrease, proptosis, and intraocular pressure (IOP) reduction. A preoperative best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) increased from 0.69 ± 0.385 (mean ± standard deviation) to 0.74 ± 0.332 (p = 0.17) postoperatively. CAS decreased in 15 orbits postoperatively. Proptosis decreased from 22.89 ± 1.873 mm to 21.25 ± 2.053 mm (p < 0.05). IOP decreased from a preoperative 16.11 ± 3.93 mmHg to 14.40 ± 3.27 mmHg (p < 0.05) postoperatively. In addition, postoperative relief of exposure keratitis was observed. The analysis of development of iatrogenic diplopia revealed increasing in degree of diplopia. TEOD shows rare complications, but significant improvements in BCVA, CAS, proptosis, and IOP. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Challenges and Prospects in Diagnostics of Otolaryngology)

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9 pages, 7517 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Minimal Margin Surgery and Intraoperative Neuromonitoring in Benign Parotid Gland Tumors: Retrospective Clinical Study

Eva Aurora Massimilla

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J. Pers. Med. 2022, 12(10), 1641; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm12101641 - 03 Oct 2022

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1275

Abstract

Extracapsular dissection (ECD) was introduced for the removal of superficial and small benign parotid tumors. According to a recent proposal, ECD is reserved for tumors that are 3 cm or less, mobile, and close to the parotid borders in cases of pleomorphic adenoma. The aim of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of ECD for treatment of benign parotid tumors also in cases of tumors that were larger than 3 cm and deeper. All ECD for benign parotid neoplasms conducted between 2007 and 2017 were reviewed. The lesions included were limited to primary parotid tumors and categorized by Quer proposal. Facial nerve monitoring was used in all cases. Facial nerve palsy and local recurrences were assessed. The 88 ECD performed met inclusion criteria. The mean lesion size was 4.26 cm. Of the tumors, 68 were less than 3 cm in diameter and 20 were larger, 64 were superficial, and 24 were deep. The most common lesion types were pleomorphic adenoma (88.6%). There was no significant difference in complication rates between the size of tumor (p = 0.9) and location (p = 0.91). Our results suggest that extracapsular dissection could be considered an option for first-time diagnosed benign parotid tumors, even in cases of large dimensions and deep lobe involvement. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Challenges and Prospects in Diagnostics of Otolaryngology)

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9 pages, 1764 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Correlations between Peak Nasal Inspiratory Flow, Acoustic Rhinometry, 4-Phase Rhinomanometry and Reported Nasal Symptoms

Giancarlo Ottaviano

Alfonso Luca Pendolino

and

J. Pers. Med. 2022, 12(9), 1513; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm12091513 - 15 Sep 2022

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1277

Abstract

Background: Rhinomanometry, acoustic rhinometry (AR) and peak nasal inspiratory flow (PNIF) are popular methods for nasal patency evaluation. The aim of the present study was to compare these three methods with the reported nasal symptoms to determine the best diagnostic tool to assess nasal obstruction. Methods: 101 subjects were evaluated using PNIF, 4-phase rhinomanometry (4PR), AR, Visual Analogue Scale for nasal obstruction (VAS-NO) and Sino-Nasal Outcome Test (SNOT-22). Correlations among PNIF, 4PR, AR, VAS-NO and SNOT-22 were obtained. Results: VAS-NO and SNOT-22 were moderately correlated with each other (r = 0.54, p < 0.001). 4PR was moderately correlated with PNIF (r = –0.31, p = 0.0016) and AR (r = –0.5, p < 0.001). VAS-NO was mildly correlated with PNIF (r = –0.29, p = 0.0034). SNOT-22 was moderately correlated with PNIF (r = –0.31, p = 0.0017). After dividing the population into symptomatic and asymptomatic subjects, based on their VAS-NO score, the former showed significantly lower PNIF values (p = 0.009) and higher 4PR values (p = 0.013) compared to the latter ones. Conclusion: PNIF and 4PR showed a significant moderate correlation with each other, but PNIF showed a significant correlation (weak-moderate) with the reported nasal symptom scores. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Challenges and Prospects in Diagnostics of Otolaryngology)

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