Medically Important Rare Fungi: Emerging Threats, Clinical Manifestations, and Antifungal Resistance

Dear Colleagues, 

The field of Medical Mycology has become a challenging study of infections caused by a wide diversity of fungi. Non-Candida, non-Cryptococcus, and non-Aspergillus fungi have emerged as important pathogens, causing serious infections associated with high morbidity and mortality. Unusual clinical presentations also commonly result in delayed diagnosis and incorrect treatment. Conventional diagnostic methods such as direct microscopy, histopathology, and cultures are routinely available approaches, but more rapid and more accurate molecular diagnostic techniques are being developed for these pathogens. The management of these infections is multimodal, and the efficacy of various antifungal agents is not uniform since many of these rare fungi are intrinsically resistant to multiple antifungals. Therefore, clinical and laboratory decision-making are challenging for many professionals. Recent guidelines, clinical trials, case series, case reports, and laboratory studies of pathogenesis, host defense, molecular detection, and pharmacotherapeutics are assisting in providing deep insights into rare and emerging fungal infectious diseases. These infections and allergies usually are caused by Mucorales, and other non-Aspergillus hyaline moulds, such as Fusarium spp., Scedosporium spp., Lomentospora prolificans, dematiaceous molds, such as Cladophialophora bantiana, Exserohilum spp., Bipolaris spp., Phialophora spp., and yeasts, such as Trichosporon spp., Exophiala dermatitidis, and Emergomyces spp., as well as other rare fungal species.

This Special Issue welcomes original research papers, case reports, reviews, and clinical trial protocols.

Prof. Dr. Valentina Arsic Arsenijevic
Prof. Dr. Thomas J. Walsh
Guest Editors

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• fungal infections
• rare yeast
• rare mold
• rare clinical forms
• resistance to antifungal agents