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Sustainable Ship Design and Digital Twin Yard
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Sustainable Ship Design and Digital Twin Yard

A special issue of Journal of Marine Science and Engineering (ISSN 2077-1312). This special issue belongs to the section "Ocean Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (25 April 2024) | Viewed by 10654

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Jong Hun Woo

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Guest Editor
Department of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
Interests: shipbuilding analysis for entire processes from fabrication to erection; shipbuilding management system; shipyard layout design; product lifecycle management for ship development and shipbuilding; discrete event simulation; kinematic simulation; ergonomics and human simulation; factory physics; variability theory; planning and scheduling; supervised learning; reinforcement learning
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Daekyun Oh

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering, Mokpo National Maritime University, Mokpo 58628, Korea
Interests: ship design; sustainable design; materials engineering; reliability engineering; environmental impact assessment
Prof. Dr. Jackyou Noh

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering, Kunsan National University, Gunsan, Korea
Interests: probabilistic model in operation research; classification, detection, and tracking of blocks in shipbuilding; vision based measurement of ship blocks; deep learning based applications in shipbuilding
Prof. Dr. Yongkuk Jeong

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Sustainable Production Development, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 114 28 Stockholm, Sweden
Interests: digitalization in production logistics; sustainable production; manufacturing simulation; ship production system; discrete event system simulation
Dr. Rodrigo Pérez Fernández

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Architecture, Construction and Naval Ocean and Systems, School of Naval Engineering, Technical University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
Interests: marine industry; Industry 4.0; maritime transport
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Heejin Kang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Alternative Fuels and Power System Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Ships and Ocean Engineering, Daejeon, Korea
Interests: control system for ships
Prof. Dr. Minjoo Choi

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Dept of Naval architecture and ocean engineering, Korea maritime and ocean university, Busan, Korea
Interests: application of optimization; artificial intelligence

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

As artificial intelligence (AI) and smart factory technologies are rapidly transforming the manufacturing industry, manufacturers can no longer afford to ignore digitalization or decarbonization. One such manufacturing industry—the shipbuilding industry—must take sustainability into account when designing ships, and alternative sources of fuels and power systems are already widely used in propulsion systems. Shipyards are becoming increasingly well-equipped with sensors and robots to establish digital twin platforms.

This Special Issue covers the various sustainable designs and digital twin technologies that have been used in ship design and shipbuilding. Furthermore, studies on computer-aided design and digital manufacturing technologies for offshore plants, different types of domestic vessels, autonomous ships, and the maritime industry are also welcome.

Prof. Dr. Jong Hun Woo
Prof. Dr. Daekyun Oh
Prof. Dr. Jackyou Noh
Prof. Dr. Yongkuk Jeong
Dr. Rodrigo Pérez Fernández
Dr. Heejin Kang
Prof. Dr. Minjoo Choi
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  •   computer-aided ship design
  • sustainable design
  • eco-friendly design
  • modeling and simulation
  • artificial intelligence, deep learning
  • digital twin
  • digital manufacturing
  • probabilistic model in operation research
  • production planning

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

19 pages, 9552 KiB  
Article
Preliminary Feasibility Study of a Magnetic Levitation Rotor Sail for Coastal Area Operations
by Kwangseok Lee, Yun Ho Kim, Junghyung Park, Bonggi Choi and Hee Jin Kang
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2024, 12(1), 32; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12010032 - 22 Dec 2023
Viewed by 797
Abstract
The continuous strengthening of environmental regulations is expected to have a significant impact on the vessel operations of shipping companies. Each country must reduce greenhouse gas emissions from ships operating in domestic coastal areas to meet its Nationally Determined Contributions (NDC). For new [...] Read more.
The continuous strengthening of environmental regulations is expected to have a significant impact on the vessel operations of shipping companies. Each country must reduce greenhouse gas emissions from ships operating in domestic coastal areas to meet its Nationally Determined Contributions (NDC). For new vessels, we are assessing potential emission reductions through various technologies, recognizing that transitioning to alternative fuels is inevitable to achieve our ultimate goal of zero emissions. However, the introduction of alternative fuels for ships involves numerous challenges, including the overall replacement of propulsion systems, etc. Additionally, to ensure that existing ships can comply with the gradually increasing environmental regulations, the immediate adoption of bridge technologies that can be applied is essential. Rotor sails are recognized as a technology that can be installed on both new ships and vessels in operation, offering carbon emission reductions through thrust assistance. Rotor sails have traditionally been mainly employed on ocean routes with consistent wind patterns. In this paper, we conducted a review of the feasibility of operating rotor sails in coastal areas where wind direction frequently changes and wind intensity is not constant. Particularly, a concept of a rotor sail with magnetic bearings for the rotor sail system, utilizing the principle of magnetic levitation, is suggested. The reduction in frictional forces during rotor sail operation contributes to increased maintainability and advantages in terms of noise and vibration. Specifically, in this study, a structural design for minimizing weight for optimal performance has been carried out. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Ship Design and Digital Twin Yard)
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17 pages, 6545 KiB  
Article
Marine Demonstration of Alternative Fuels on the Basis of Propulsion Load Sharing for Sustainable Ship Design
by Hyungwon Shim, Yun Ho Kim, Jang-Pyo Hong, Donghee Hwang and Hee Jin Kang
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2023, 11(3), 567; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse11030567 - 07 Mar 2023
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2290
Abstract
As the IMO aims to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from ships by more than 50% by 2050 compared to 2008, the paradigm of the shipbuilding and shipping industries is changing. The use of carbon-free fuels, such as hydrogen and ammonia, is progressing, along [...] Read more.
As the IMO aims to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from ships by more than 50% by 2050 compared to 2008, the paradigm of the shipbuilding and shipping industries is changing. The use of carbon-free fuels, such as hydrogen and ammonia, is progressing, along with the incorporation of batteries and fuel cells in ships. With the introduction of various propulsion power sources, the application of electric propulsion systems to ships is also expected to accelerate. The verification of reliability and safety is of paramount importance in the development of new technologies designed in response to environmental regulations. However, maritime demonstration is time-consuming and expensive. Therefore, an effective means of demonstrating the performance, reliability, and safety of various marine carbon-neutral technologies with a small burden is required. This study introduces a ship design for marine demonstration, integrating eco-friendly alternative fuels and electric propulsion system components. We further demonstrate a preparation process for the realization of marine carbon neutrality and future ship design through international joint research, standardization, and ship development, which can be linked to manpower training. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Ship Design and Digital Twin Yard)
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13 pages, 5256 KiB  
Article
Classification of Hull Blocks of Ships Using CNN with Multi-View Image Set from 3D CAD Data
by Haemyung Chon, Daekyun Oh and Jackyou Noh
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2023, 11(2), 333; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse11020333 - 03 Feb 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1385
Abstract
In order to proceed with shipbuilding scheduling involving hundreds of hull blocks of ships, it is important to mark the locations of the hull blocks with the correct block identification number. Incorrect information about the locations and the identification numbers of hull blocks [...] Read more.
In order to proceed with shipbuilding scheduling involving hundreds of hull blocks of ships, it is important to mark the locations of the hull blocks with the correct block identification number. Incorrect information about the locations and the identification numbers of hull blocks causes disruption in the shipbuilding scheduling process of the shipyard. Therefore, it is necessary to have a system for tracking the locations and identification numbers of hull blocks in order to avoid time loss due to incorrectly identified blocks. This paper proposes a method to mark the identification numbers, which are necessary for the tracking system of hull blocks. In order to do this, 3 CNN (convolutional neural network) models, VGG-19, Resnet-152V2, and Densenet-201, are used to classify the hull blocks. A set of multi-view images acquired from 3D CAD data are used as training data to obtain a trained CNN model, and images from 3D printer-printed hull block models are used for the test of the trained CNN model. The datasets used for training and prediction are Non-Thr and Thr datasets, that each included both binarized and non-binarized datasets. As a result of end-to-end classification experiments with Non-Thr datasets, the highest prediction accuracy was 0.68 with Densenet-201. A total of 4050 experimental conditions were constructed by combining the threadhold of the Thr training and testing dataset. As a result of experiments with Thr datasets, the highest prediction accuracy of 0.96 was acquired with Resnet-152V2, which was trained with a threshold of 72 and predicted with a threshold of 50. In conclusion, the classification of ship hull blocks using a CNN model with binarized datasets of 3D CAD data is more effective than that using a CNN model with non-binarized datasets. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Ship Design and Digital Twin Yard)
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14 pages, 3414 KiB  
Article
Material and Production Optimization of the Ship Design Process by Introducing CADs from Early Design Stages
by Jaime Perez-Martinez and Rodrigo Perez Fernandez
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2023, 11(1), 233; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse11010233 - 16 Jan 2023
Viewed by 2777
Abstract
Since the introduction of scientific disciplines into the shipbuilding process, there has been a search for optimisation of human and material resources. The current environmental crisis is putting additional pressure on global resource management and special attention to materials sourcing and utilisation. This [...] Read more.
Since the introduction of scientific disciplines into the shipbuilding process, there has been a search for optimisation of human and material resources. The current environmental crisis is putting additional pressure on global resource management and special attention to materials sourcing and utilisation. This paper discusses the potential solution for the current lack of effectiveness at early design stages, which are still based on 2D drawings. The industry is demanding a new 3D approach, which implies, first, a change in the procedures, and second, having a suitable CAD/CAM tool for the early generation of a digital mock-up, from which the project is developed throughout all design and production phases, from conceptual design to operation. The proposed solution shown in this paper would improve the general arrangement definition, with the use of CAD for the 3D definition of the compartments and the main equipment positioning; improve the naval architecture calculation; and finally improve the basic/class design stage, with better reuse of data already developed in the general arrangement model and in the definition of a 3D model of structure, with the main equipment positioning, pipes, and electrical equipment already into the model. Intelligent P&I diagrams and single-wire electric diagrams would be used at this stage and connected to the 3D model. Additionally, it will allow for early estimating of materials, weights, and associated processes. This will be further supported by the use of topology to consider design alternatives and produce early information on materials for procurement and production. The cost reduction associated with the definition of the early design stages in 3D has been estimated at around 15% of the overall design and production stages. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Ship Design and Digital Twin Yard)
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14 pages, 3644 KiB  
Article
A K-Means Clustering Algorithm to Determine Representative Operational Profiles of a Ship Using AIS Data
by Jongseo Park and Minjoo Choi
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2022, 10(9), 1245; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse10091245 - 04 Sep 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1930
Abstract
Defining the appropriate functional requirements in the early ship design stage is important in order that costs that are caused by the over- or under-specified functional capabilities do not increase. This paper presents a K-means clustering algorithm for the determination of functional requirements. [...] Read more.
Defining the appropriate functional requirements in the early ship design stage is important in order that costs that are caused by the over- or under-specified functional capabilities do not increase. This paper presents a K-means clustering algorithm for the determination of functional requirements. It uses automatic identification system (AIS) data from a reference ship to determine the representative operational profiles, which can support decision-makers in defining the functional requirements of ships that will be performing similar missions as those of the reference ship. In a case study, we used this method as part of a ship design project, in which the functional requirements of a battery-only electric ship are defined using AIS data from a reference ship. Results indicate that the cost can be reduced by determining the functional requirements using the proposed method. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Ship Design and Digital Twin Yard)
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