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Advanced Technologies for Green Maritime Transportation
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Advanced Technologies for Green Maritime Transportation

A special issue of Journal of Marine Science and Engineering (ISSN 2077-1312). This special issue belongs to the section "Marine Environmental Science".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 December 2023) | Viewed by 10768

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Kayvan Pazouki

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle NE1 7RU, UK
Interests: sustainable shipping; ballast water management systems; ship performance and emission prediction; life cycle assessment for marine engineering systems and alternative fuels, including biofuels and propulsion system arrangements, such as fuel cells; shipping environmental index and incentives
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Rosemary Norman

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle NE1 7RU, UK
Interests: hybrid-electric propulsion systems; fuel and emissions monitoring; marine renewable systems, particularly tidal current turbines and associated electrical power converters; marine electrical systems, including shore supplies and hybrid marine propulsion
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Haris Patsios

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle NE1 7RU, UK
Interests: design; modelling; and control of power systems; including renewables; smart energy systems; integrated models and control techniques for energy storage; and decentralized control in future power networks

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The International Maritime Organization (IMO) strategy on reducing ship-induced greenhouse gases (GHGs) by at least 50% by 2050 has been the priority for the shipping, ports, engineering, and leisure marine industries. Vessels powered by diesel emit GHGs, mostly carbon dioxide (CO2), which contribute to climate change. Thus, this Special Issue intends to address the advanced technologies for green maritime transportation in consistent alignment with the IMO strategy for CO2 emission reduction. To achieve a 50% GHG reduction by 2050, the deployment of advanced technologies in the maritime sector is the key factor influencing the GHG reduction potential.

We are looking for papers dealing with disruptive solutions for energy saving and emission reduction technologies to demonstrate the effectiveness of GHG reduction technologies and measures, thus moving the sector towards green maritime transportation. These technologies include prime movers powered by low carbon and/or zero carbon fuels, electrification, and the use of renewable energy sources and other enabling technologies and solutions, such as enhanced data usage and digitalisation for maritime propulsion systems and port facilities.

Dr. Kayvan Pazouki
Dr. Rosemary Norman
Dr. Haris Patsios
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • sustainable shipping
  • smart energy systems
  • decentralized control in future power networks
  • fuel and emission monitoring
  • marine renewable systems
  • shipping environmental index and incentives
  • life cycle assessment for marine engineering systems
  • alternative fuels and propulsion arrangements

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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28 pages, 13606 KiB  
Article
An Experimental Investigation into the Feasibility of a DC Hybrid Power Plant for a Northern Sea Route Ship
by Yi Zhou, Kayvan Pazouki, Rose Norman, Haibo Gao and Zhiguo Lin
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2023, 11(9), 1653; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse11091653 - 24 Aug 2023
Viewed by 1207
Abstract
Increasingly, the melting of Arctic ice due to global warming has provided opportunities for commercial shipping between Asia and Europe. Given the vulnerability of the Arctic environment, especially due to emissions of short-lived pollutants from shipping activities, a more effective propulsion system with [...] Read more.
Increasingly, the melting of Arctic ice due to global warming has provided opportunities for commercial shipping between Asia and Europe. Given the vulnerability of the Arctic environment, especially due to emissions of short-lived pollutants from shipping activities, a more effective propulsion system with a comprehensive control strategy is required to reduce fuel consumption, thus potentially mitigating the impacts of shipping activities on the northern sea route (NSR). In this paper, a shipboard DC hybrid system powered by a combination of diesel generator sets and batteries is proposed and analysed in terms of its application on a ship in the NSR. The specific fuel consumption and various losses in the power sources were analysed to develop an efficiency-optimisation control strategy for the proposed DC hybrid power system. To evaluate the performance of the hybrid power system with the proposed optimisation control strategy, lab-scale experiments have been conducted in the Shanghai Marine Diesel Engine Research Institute to compare the proposed system with a conventional hybrid system. The experimental results indicate that the proposed DC hybrid power plant with the energy optimisation control contributes a 5.35% fuel saving compared with the DC fixed-speed diesel electric configuration during a scaled-down NSR scenario. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Technologies for Green Maritime Transportation)
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32 pages, 6518 KiB  
Article
A Framework for Accurate Carbon Footprint Calculation in Seaports: Methodology Proposal
by Seyed Behbood Issa Zadeh, José Santos López Gutiérrez, M. Dolores Esteban, Gonzalo Fernández-Sánchez and Claudia Lizette Garay-Rondero
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2023, 11(5), 1007; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse11051007 - 08 May 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 3106
Abstract
According to the 2020 European Sea Ports Organization Environmental Report, ports are the second biggest environmental concern for climate change due to greenhouse gas emissions. Furthermore, the International Association of Ports and Harbors determined that seaports are carbon-intensive and environmentally harmful because of [...] Read more.
According to the 2020 European Sea Ports Organization Environmental Report, ports are the second biggest environmental concern for climate change due to greenhouse gas emissions. Furthermore, the International Association of Ports and Harbors determined that seaports are carbon-intensive and environmentally harmful because of increased commercial and non-commercial activities surrounding them. Due to the urgent concern to address solutions in this research line, this study aims to present a frame of reference to estimate the Carbon Footprint in ports through an innovative method. The study design presents a Meta-Analyses Scoping Review based on the PRISMA-ScR methodology to analyse the current articles, normativity and primary resources related to the Carbon Footprint estimation approach in seaports. Then, a categorization for the new method of Carbon Footprint and scopes description calculation is presented. Besides, the Port of Valencia, a famous Spanish port, provides the case study to apply and confirm the approach. Findings state that this new approach, with the designation of new boundaries and factors affecting ports’ emissions would lead to an accurate estimation of the carbon footprint of ports. The originality and value of this work-study deliver scientific interpretations, reflections, and suggestions for future research and validation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Technologies for Green Maritime Transportation)
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18 pages, 3499 KiB  
Article
Assessment of Shipping Emissions on Busan Port of South Korea
by Jin-Woo Kwon, Siljung Yeo and Won-Ju Lee
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2023, 11(4), 716; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse11040716 - 26 Mar 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2841
Abstract
This study aims to accurately estimate the emissions of seven air pollutants (NOX, SOX, CO2, CO, PM2.5, PM10, and NMVOC) from ships for one year (2020) in the busiest port in Korea, Busan [...] Read more.
This study aims to accurately estimate the emissions of seven air pollutants (NOX, SOX, CO2, CO, PM2.5, PM10, and NMVOC) from ships for one year (2020) in the busiest port in Korea, Busan Port. To achieve this, a more detailed method for calculating emissions was developed, taking into account factors such as the type of fuel used, mode of operation, and engine output of each ship that entered and left the port. In cases where information on the ship’s main engine was not available, a regression analysis was performed to estimate the engine output based on the ship’s tonnage. In addition, the output of auxiliary engines was estimated based on the ratio of the output of the main engine to that of the auxiliary engine for recently built ships. Finally, emissions from fishing vessels were also included in the calculations. Thus, in Busan port, the total estimated fuel consumption from 44,315 cases in 2020 was 252,519 t; the consumption during hoteling accounted for 87%. In detail, the emissions of seven air pollutants reflecting the emission factors were analyzed as follows: NOX, 18,323 t; SOX, 16,924 t; CO2, 790.383 t; CO, 714 t; PM2.5, 1484 t, PM10, 1614 t; and NMVOC, 772 t. In addition, this study provides an estimation equation to estimate engine output based on a ship’s tonnage, which showed the highest fitness when compared to actual engine output. This methodology can be useful for calculating emissions of air pollutants at the port in detail and promoting marine environment policies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Technologies for Green Maritime Transportation)
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12 pages, 3936 KiB  
Article
Experimental Inactivation of Microalgae in Marine Ballast Water by Microbubbles Generated through Hydrodynamic Cavitation
by Baojun Wang, Hao Lu, Hongpeng Zhang, Wei Li, Jiaju Hong and Mingsheng Cui
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2023, 11(2), 241; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse11020241 - 17 Jan 2023
Viewed by 1627
Abstract
This paper presents a novel approach to microbubble technology for the treatment of aquatic invasive organisms in ship ballast water. The microbubbles are produced by hydrodynamic cavitation with a sudden and dramatic water pressure drop. The air and ozone microbubbles, respectively, verified the [...] Read more.
This paper presents a novel approach to microbubble technology for the treatment of aquatic invasive organisms in ship ballast water. The microbubbles are produced by hydrodynamic cavitation with a sudden and dramatic water pressure drop. The air and ozone microbubbles, respectively, verified the bioavailability of ship ballast water treatment using marine microalgae as an indicator. Besides the effects of an ozone injection dose, the morphological changes of cells and the effluent toxicity were investigated. Compared with the ozone microbubble treatment, the inactivation of marine microalgae by air microbubbles required a long treatment time. In the storage experiment, it was found that air microbubbles did not inhibit the growth of microalgae cells, and that the injection of active matter such as ozone was still necessary to ensure the validity of biological invasion. However, even with very low doses of ozone, the inactivation effect of ozone microbubbles was still very evident. Overall, it helps to minimize the use of active matter to reduce the toxicity of treated water, and this has the capability to develop into an environmentally acceptable and practical ballast water treatment technology. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Technologies for Green Maritime Transportation)
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Other

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29 pages, 10620 KiB  
Technical Note
Coastal Air Quality Assessment through AIS-Based Vessel Emissions: A Daesan Port Case Study
by Jeong-Hyun Yoon, Se-Won Kim, Jeong-On Eom, Jaeyong Oh and Hye-Jin Kim
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2023, 11(12), 2291; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse11122291 - 02 Dec 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 950
Abstract
Coastal regions worldwide face increasing air pollution due to maritime activities. This technical note focuses on assessing the air pollution in the Daesan port area, Republic of Korea, using hourly emission measurements. Leveraging Automatic Identification System (AIS) data, we estimate vessel-induced air pollutant [...] Read more.
Coastal regions worldwide face increasing air pollution due to maritime activities. This technical note focuses on assessing the air pollution in the Daesan port area, Republic of Korea, using hourly emission measurements. Leveraging Automatic Identification System (AIS) data, we estimate vessel-induced air pollutant emissions and correlate them with real-time measurements. Vessel navigational statuses are categorized from the AIS data, enabling an estimation of fuel oil consumption. Random Forest models predict specific fuel oil consumption and maximum continuous ratings for vessels with unknown engine details. Using emission factors, we calculate the emissions (CO2, NO2, SO2, PM-10, and PM-2.5) from vessels visiting the port. These estimates are compared with actual air pollutant concentrations, revealing a qualitative relationship with an average correlation coefficient of approximately 0.33. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Technologies for Green Maritime Transportation)
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